定语从句是中学英语教学的语法重点，也是难点。为了让同学们更好地掌握这个语法项目，本文对定语从句难点及重点加以分析归纳。请看题：
1．Is this the house ________ the great musician was born in?
A．which B．where C．the one D．it
2．I’ll never forget the days ________ we spent our holidays together in Japan． A．when B．in which C．which D．that 3．It was the only cotton mill ________ there was then．
A．why B．where C．in which D．不填 4．I’m taking some weight-loss pills，________ are quite popular here． A．that B．which C．they D．who
5．The passagers and the suitcases ________ were still waiting had to be transferred to another plane．
A．it B．what C．that D．which 6．It was the largest map ________ I had ever seen．
A．which B．where C．that D．with which 7．Which was the hotel ________ was recommended to you?
A．as B．that C．who D．which 8．I will pardon him，________ is honest．
A．that B．whoever C．who D．which
9．We went through a period _____ communications were very difficult in the rural areas． A．which B．whose C．in which D．with which
10．I saw someone running towards me in the dark street．Before I could see who it was， -----she had run back in the direction ________ she had come．
A．in which B．by which C．of which D．from which 11．Mr Zhang had a lot of friends，none of ________ could lend him any money． A．whom B．them C．which D．who
12．The man，in ________ company I have been working for ten years，is a good boss． A．which B．what C．whose D．whom
13．I’ve come to the point ________ I can’t stand her arguing any longer． A．why B．which C．where D．that
14．The man pulled out a gold watch，________ were set with small diamonds． A．the hands of whom B．whom the hands of C．which the hands of D．the hands of which
15．Tom spent the summer holidays in college，during ________ time he got a part-time job and read many literature books as well．
A．that B．this C．whose D．which
16．________ was announced in the newspaper，our country won 51 gold medals in the 29th Olympic Games．
A．It B．That C．As D．Which
17．The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep It running，________ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds． A．who B．that C．as D．which
18．Yon should treat him (in) the way ________ suits him best． A．that B．in which C．／ D．why
19．This is one of the books on this subject that ________ been written in Chinese． A．have B．had C．has D．having
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20．This is the only one of the books on this subject that _____ been written in Chinese． A．have B．had C．has D．having
21．________ is known to us all is that Chinese athletes achieved great success in the 2008 Olympic Games．
A．It B．What C．As D．Which 22．Is this hotel ________ we were to stay in your letter?
A．where B．in which C．the one D．A and C 23．—Where did you get to know her?
—It was in the school ________ we worked．
A．that B．there C．which D．where 【参考答案】
1—5 AADBC 6—10 CBCCD 11—15 ACCDD 16—20 CDAAC 21—23 BAD 关系代词和关系副词的选择
选择关系代词还是关系副词要依据先行词在定语从句中所作的成分，关系词在从句中作主语、宾语，选择关系代词(who，whom，that，which)；作定语时用whose引导定语从句。如试题1中指代先行词house的关系词作in的宾语，而不是状语，所以答案为A。 关系词在从句中作状语时，应选择关系副词(where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语)。如试题2中的关系词the days在从句中作状语，而不是宾语(从句中的宾语是our holidays)；试题3中的关系词在定语从句中作主状语。 比较：
①I live in Wuxi，which is famous for Taihu Lake．
②I live in Wuxi，where Taihu Lake is protected by law． 例①，which在从句中作主语；where在从句中作状语。 that与which的区别 1．限制性定语从句的先行词指物，而且关系词在从句中作主语或宾语时既可以用that也可以用which，
但是that不能引导非限制性定语从句，如试题4。
2．先行词是不定代词all，few，little，much，anything，nothing等词，关系代词用that。 3．先行词被序数词、形容词最高级以及all，any，every，few，the very，the only修饰时，用
that作关系代词。如试题6。
4．在which疑问句中，关系代词用that而不用which。如试题7。 which与where的区别
如果定语从句分别修饰point，situation，activity．condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，而且关系词在从句中作状语，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”，此时用where引导定语从句。如试题13。
“介词+关系代词”结构中的介词及关系代词的选择
关系代词作介词宾语，介词可前置，此时只能用whom．which而不能用that，who构成“介词+which／whom”的结构。
该结构中介词的选择，一要看先行词；二要看与定语从句谓语动词的搭配；三要看句意。如试题9，period后面的定语从句中缺少时间状语，要用when，而此题中没有when，所以要选择in which相当于in the period。
再如试题10，先行词direction和定语从句的谓语come之间要用介词from。 注意：
1．若为短语动词(即固定搭配)，那么介词不能放在关系词前面，如：look after，take care of， look for等。
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2．关系副词在意义上相当于“介词+which”。
I was in Beijing on the day when(=on which) he arrived． The office where(=in which) he works is on the third floor． This is the chief reason why(=for which) we did it．
“不定代词、数词或名词+of which／whom”引出非限制性定语从句。表示整体中的一部分。 如：
There are 40 students in our class，27 of whom are boys． 我们班有40名学生，其中27名是男生。
例如试题11是“代词+of whom”结构，先行词是人，所以用whom。 试题14，是“名词+of、which”结构。 关系代词whose的用法
先行词在定语从句中作定语用whose。
I’ve got a car，whose type is popular．我拥有一辆小汽车，其车型现在非常受欢迎。 又如试题12，其中whose company又作介词in的宾语。此题关键弄清关系词与后面的名词的所属关系，问题就迎刃而解了。 此外，whose从句可转换为“名词+of which”型，如试题14从句部分可以改写为：whose hands were set with small diamonds。再如：
They live in a house，whose door opens to the south．
They lived in a house，of which the door opens to the south． They lived in a house，the door of which opens to the south． as与which的区别
as和which可以引导非限制性定语从句，都指主句所表达的所有内容，而且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但也有区别：
1．as引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。如试题16。
2．as引导非限制性定语从句时，后面常接say，know，judge等动词，表示“正如”。
如果先行词是the way，而且关系代词在定语从句中充当状语，则定语从句通常由in which或that引导。也常可以省略引导词。 如：
I don’t like the way(that／in which) you treat her．我不喜欢你对待她的方式。 然而试题18中的先行词the way，在后面的定语从句中充当主语。故只能选A。 考查定语从句中的主谓一致
关系代词在定语从句中作主语，从句的谓语要与先行词保持一致。“one of the+复数名词”在关系词前，那么先行词为“the+复数名词”；“the only one of the + 复数名词”在关系词前，那么先行词是the only one。
如试题19的先行词是books，所以从句谓语用复数而试题20的先行词是the only one。 将定语从句与其他从句或非谓语动词等知识混合在一起考查
试题的命题者常把定语从句和结果状语从句、地点状语从句、强调句型、同位语从句等易混淆的结构放在一个具体的语境中，要求考生加以区别。如试题21，好像四个选项都对，但是，经过仔细分析可知，答案应该是B，what引导主语从句并在从名中充当主语。
再如试题22，该题要求考生区分定语从句和表语从句。将疑问句还原为肯定句：This hotel is _____
we were to stay．从句中stay是不及物动词不带定语，故排除C(省略作宾语的关系词)。又因为在还原后的句子中is后无名词，所以排除B。
试题23将定语从句与强调句结合在同一题干里，答句省略与问句相同的部分，补全是：It was in the school ________ we worked that I got to know her．根据先行词the school在从句中作地点状语，可确定用where引导定语从句。
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