大学英语四级(2013年12月考试改革适用)模拟试卷11(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语四级（2013年12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷11 (题后含答

案及解析)

题型有：1. Writing 2. Listening Comprehension 3. 4. Reading Comprehension 5. Translation

Part I Writing

1． For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Vocational Education or College Education? following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than WO words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1.1．报考职业学院的人数近年来有上升的趋势2．有人认为职业教育更有利于就业，有人认为大学文凭更重要3．我的看法 Vocational Education or College Education?

正确答案： Vocational Education or College Education? The number of people who apply to vocational colleges has been increasing these years. Some people consider vocational education an advantage to job-hunting, while others argue that a college diploma is more important. In my opinion, college education is more advisable for most people. First, college education is systematic and students can learn a lot in many aspects. In other words, unlike vocational education, which tends to focus on just one job skill, college education enables students to develop different potentials. Second, to obtain a higher degree, such as a master’s degree, one has to go through college education to get a bachelor’s degree first. In a society where any job skill may become outdated quickly with the advent of new technologies, the limitations of vocational education will be even more apparent. Only college education can prepare us for future challenges.

Part II Listening Comprehension

Section A

听力原文：M: You’re not looking very cheerful. What’s the matter with you? W: Oh, nothing special. I’m just a bit fed up. Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

2．

A．The woman is cheerful. B．The woman has nothing. C．The woman feels bored. D．The woman is special.

正确答案：C

解析：男士见女士看上去不太高兴，问她怎么啦，女士回答“我只是有点厌

烦”，C是其回答的同义表达，为答案。本题答题的关键在于知道be fed up是“厌烦”的意思。

听力原文：M: I failed the exam. I feel so upset.W: Come on! You failed just because you got a fever before the exam. There is still a make-up test. Q: What does the woman imply?

3．

A．The man still have chance to pass the exam. B．The man still has a fever.

C．The man will fail the exam one more time. D．The man should be upset.

正确答案：A

解析：a make—up test是“补考”的意思。女士说还有一次补考，言下之意是男士还有通过考试的机会，因此A正确。

听力原文：W: Here are some samples of my writings. Some of them were published in magazines. M: Good. Would you like to be an assistant for one of our editors? Q: What is the woman doing?

4．

A．She is writing.

B．She is reading a magazine. C．She is editing.

D．She is being interviewed.

正确答案：D

解析：女士表示自己擅长写作，男士就问她愿不愿意成为编辑的助理。很明显女士正在接受面试。D正确。

听力原文：M: I have figured it all out. It looks like it will take us about 5 hours to drive from here to Chicago. W: It’d be more relaxing to take the train. But I guess we should watch our expenses. Q: What does the woman mean?

5．

A．They should go by train if it’s not too expensive. B．They should take the train because it’s more relaxing. C．They should drive to Chicago. D．They should go by air.

正确答案：A

解析：男士说开车去芝加哥要5个小时，女士说坐火车更轻松，不过估计要看费用来决定。可知女士的意思是如果坐火年不太贵，就选择坐火车。A正确。

听力原文：W: You look a little upset.M: Well, Jane criticized me that I was selfish and lazy, so we got into a fight. Q: What do we learn about the man?

6．

A．He criticized Jane. B．He is unhappy. C．He is selfish. D．He is lazy.

正确答案：B

解析：女士说男士看起来有点难过，男士就向她解释原因。可见男士确实是不开心，B正确。

听力原文：W: Now, what seems to be the trouble?M: It’s nothing serious. But I always have a headache, and I haven’t slept properly for several weeks. I’ve also lost appetite and my eyes are burning. Q: What’s the probable relationship between the man and the woman?

7．

A．Husband and wife.

B．Salesman and customer. C．Doctor and patient.

D．Employer and employee.

正确答案：C

解析：女士问男士哪里不舒服，男士回答了不舒服的症状，可见这是医生和病人的对话，C正确。

听力原文：M: I have just found a great location to open a new shop.W: But you haven’t researched the market. Don’t you think this is putting the cart before the horse? Q: What does the woman mean?

8．

A．The man should find another location.

B．The man should put the horse before the cart. C．The man should not open a new shop.

D．The man should do something more important.

正确答案：D

解析：putting the cart before the horse意思是“本末倒置”，女士认为男士(没有调查市场就去选店铺的做法)本末倒置了，言下之意就是男士应该去做更重要的事(调查市场)。D正确。

听力原文：W: Do you usually play golf?M: Not really. I don’t like to play alone because it’s too expensive. But I often play golf with my boss, because our company is a member of a country club. Q: What do we learn about the man?

9．

A．He usually plays golf alone.

B．He often plays golf with his employer.

C．He is a member of a country golf club. D．He likes to play golf very much.

正确答案：B

解析：男士说他经常跟老板打高尔夫球，B是同义表达。

听力原文：W: Tony, you’ve been a racing-driver for nearly 10 years. You’ve had a very dangerous life, haven’t you? I mean, you’ve almost been killed a couple of times during these years, haven’t you? M: Yes, I suppose that’s right. W: When was your worst accident? M: I’d say last year. It was during the British Grand Prix last September. In the middle of the race I smashed into a wall. The car was completely ruined and my left leg was broken. Luckily, nobody was killed. W: Is that the only time you’ve been... er... close to death? M: No. Once, during the Mexican Grand Prix, two cars in front of me had a bad accident. One of them ran into the other. I sheered off to avoid them and hit a fence. My car was badly damaged but luckily I wasn’t even hurt. W: You must enjoy danger. I mean, you wouldn’t be a racing-driver if you didn’t, would you? M: I don’t know about that. I had a very frightening experience quite recently. I was frightened to death! I thought I was going to be killed at any moment. W: Really? When was that? During your last race? M: No. It was on my way to this studio. I had to drive through London streets during the lunch hour. There were so many cars all around me and they are so close to each other.9. Why does the woman say the man has led a dangerous life?10. According to the man, when was his worst accident?11. What happened during the Mexican Grand Prix?12. What frightening experience did the man have on his way to the studio?

10．

A．He often goes on exploring expeditions. B．He is a racing driver for many years. C．He likes to join in extreme sports. D．He often drives fast during the night.

正确答案：B

解析：对话开头，女士说“你做赛车手差不多10年了，生活中充满了危险，不是吗?”直接说明了女士之所以认为男士过的是危险的生活是因为男士的职业为赛车手，选B。

11．

A．During the British Grand Prix. B．During the Mexican Grand Prix. C．On his way to the studio. D．During his last race.

正确答案：A

解析：女士问男士最糟糕的事故发生在什么时候，男士直接回答说是去年9

月份British Grand Prix比赛时，故选A。

12．

A．Several drivers were killed in the accident. B．There was a multiple motor vehicle collision. C．His car ran into the car in front of him. D．His car was damaged but he wasn’t hurt.

正确答案：D

解析：男士说在Mexican Grand Prix期间，自己的车严重受损，但所幸没有受伤，故选D。

13．

A．There were too many cars. B．He saw a traffic accident. C．He hit a car in front of him. D．His car suddenly flamed out.

正确答案：A 解析：男士说最近一次的危险经历是在来演播室的途中，他周围的车太多了，并且相隔都很近，故选A。

听力原文：W: Andy, what hobby would you take up if you had more time?M: I think I’d take up two different hobbies—an indoor hobby and an outdoor hobby.W: Really? Why?M: An outdoor hobby, like motor-racing, for a bit of fresh air and excitement; and an indoor hobby, like radio-making for example, for quiet concentration. What about you?W: I like indoor hobbies best. As you know, I like making decorations, toys and so on, but I’m also quite fond of knitting and I’ve made quite a lot of sweaters and the like for the family.M: Yes, I’ve seen some of the things you’ve made. They’re very fashionable. How long have you been doing it?W: I started years ago when I was still at school.M: Did you spend all your free time on your hobbies?W: Well no. As a working mother there are many other matters I’ve got to attend to, but I do spend quite a lot of time on my hobbies.M: What about money? Do your hobbies cost you a lot of money?W: No, once you’ve bought the basic tools most hobbies are comparatively cheap.M: By the way, how did you learn to do all these handy things? Did you ever attend a special course?W: I did once, but most of it I’ve picked up from books. There are dozens of books on hobbies in the bookshops.M: Ah well. Perhaps I should take up my coin collection again.W: Yes, why not? You might even become an authority on old coins, Andy!13. What kind of hobbies does the woman like best?14. What do we know about the woman’s learning knitting?15. How did the woman learn to do most of the handy things in her hobbies?

14．

A．Outdoor hobbies. B．Indoor hobbies.

C．Money-saving hobbies. D．Time-consuming hobbies.

正确答案：B

解析：男士问女士的爱好，女士回答说最喜欢indoor hobbies，故选B。

15．

A．She learned it when she was a small child. B．She started it when she was a student. C．She didn’t learn it until she left school. D．She started it after she was married.

正确答案：B

解析：男士说见过女士织的部分编织品，很时尚。并问女士做编织品有多久了，女士回答说她是在几年前还在上学的时候开始织的。B的when she wasa student正好是对话中when I was still atschool的同义替换，故选B。

16．

A．By attending special courses. B．With the help of her friends. C．By reading books on hobbies. D．Under the guidance of her mother.

正确答案：C

解析：男士问女士是怎么学会这些手工活的，是不是上过专修课；女士说上过，但绝大部分都是从书本中学来的，故选C。

Section B

听力原文： Thomas Tommy Carter is a plant scientist in North Carolina. He works for the Agricultural Research Service in the United States Department of Agriculture. He leads Team Drought, a group of researchers at five universities. They have been using conventional breeding methods to develop and test soybeans that can grow well under dry conditions. Tommy Carter started working on drought-resistant soybeans in 1981. His research has taken him as far as China, where soybeans have been grown for thousands of years. Farmers in the United States, however, have grown soybeans for only about a century. Tommy Carter says the soybeans they grow are for the most part genetically similar. More differences, or diversification, could better protect crops against climate changes that can reduce production. Those changes include water shortages which could increase from global warming. The Agriculture Department has a soy-bean germplasm collection, a collection of genetic material passed from one generation to the next. Members of Team Drought studied more than 2,500 examples from the collection. They looked at ones from the ancestral

home of soybeans, Asia. They searched for germplasms that could keep plants from weakening during hot, dry summers in the United States. Tommy Carter says they found only five. But these drought-resistant lines, he says, produce four to eight bushels more than normal soybeans under drought conditions. The yield depends on location and environment.16. What is the purpose of Tommy Carter’s research?17. Why did Tommy Carter go to China for his soybean research?18. What do we learn about the five germplasms Tommy Carter’s team found?

17．

A．To find the similarity of soybeans in the world. B．To protect soybeans against dry condition. C．To collect materials for their papers. D．To study the impact of global warming.

正确答案：B

解析：短文提到Tommy Carter的研究小组试图培育能在干旱条件下生长良好的大豆，之后又提到研究人员寻找在美国炎热干旱的夏季不易变得纤弱的种质，B与此相符，故正确。

18．

A．China is the only country to grow soybeans. B．China is the ancestral home of soybeans.

C．China has a long history of growing soybeans. D．China has different kinds of soybeans.

正确答案：C

解析：短文提到Tommy Carter为研究抗旱大豆，他远道去到中国，因为中国有几千年种植大豆的历史，C与此相符，故为正确答案。

19．

A．They produce the same yield in different locations. B．They are suitable to grow only in the United States.

C．They produce better quality soybeans under dry weather. D．They have better production under drought conditions.

正确答案：D

解析：短文提到这5个种质在干旱的条件下比一般的大豆产量要高，D与此相符，故为正确答案。

听力原文： For a long time Americans preferred things which were mass produced in factories. But recently many Americans have taken up crafts of various kinds. They make things out of wood, metal, glass, wax, leather and cloth. They usually design the things they make themselves and often they sell what they make too. The work of these crafts people has become very good and very popular. These people’s crafts are sold at craft fairs. These are usually community sponsored events.

Some fairs are small, bringing together a dozen or so people. Such fairs are held in shopping centers or churches. At large fairs, several hundred crafts people assemble their works for people to admire and buy. These fairs are held in public parks or on county grounds. Crafts fairs are usually held on weekends when people are free from work and looking for things to do. The fairs are directed toward families. They offer rides and shows for the children to keep them busy while the parents look at the crafts. The crafts people buy include things to decorate their homes, clothes for their children, and gifts for their friends for holidays, weddings or special occasions. People go to craft fairs rather than shopping at stores because they look for things that are different and original. They also look out for bargains. The prices for works of art at craft fairs are usually very reasonable.19. What does the speaker tell us about today’s Americans?20. According to the speaker, in what places are those large fairs held?21. What do the craft fairs offer to the children?22. Why do people go to craft fairs rather than shopping at stores?

20．

A．They like mass produced things.

B．They design things themselves and sell them. C．They make clothes and tools for themselves. D．They use crafts to decorate their homes.

正确答案：B 解析：短文提到现在美国人常常自己动手设计东西并将他们所设计的东西卖出去，故B为答案。

21．

A．In shopping centers or churches. B．In community or parking lots.

C．On playgrounds or country grounds. D．In public parks or on county grounds.

正确答案：D 解析：短文提到“那些大型的展销会常在向公众开放的公园或县城的空地举行”，故选D。

22．

A．Candies and toys. B．Clothes and gifts. C．Rides and shows. D．Rides and foods.

正确答案：C

解析：短文提到在父母们看工艺品时，工艺展销会给小孩提供游戏和表演，故选C。

23．

A．Things in craft fairs have better quality than in stores. B．They want to buy things that are different and original. C．It is more convenient to buy things in craft fairs. D．They can buy everything they want in craft fairs.

正确答案：B 解析：短文提到人们选择去工艺品展销会而不去商店的原因就是他们想找到与众不同和新颖的东西。故B正确。

听力原文： Man is a land animal, but he is also closely tied to the sea. Throughout history the sea has served the needs of man. The sea has provided man with food and a convenient way to travel to many parts of the world. Toady, experts believe that nearly two-thirds of the world’s population live within eighty kilometers of the seacoast. In the modern technological world, the sea offers many resources to help mankind survive. Resources on land are beginning to grow less. The sea, however, still offers hope to supply many of man’s needs in the future. The riches of the sea yet to be developed by man’s technology are impressive. Oil and gas explorations have existed for nearly thirty years. Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper exist on the ocean floor. Besides oil and gas, the seas may offer new sources of energy. For example, warm temperature of the ocean can be used as the steam in a steamship. Sea may also offer a source of energy as electricity for mankind. Technology is enabling man to explore even deeper under the sea. It is obvious that the technology to harvest the sea continues to improve. By the 2050, experts believe that the problems to explore the food, minerals and energy resources of the sea will have been largely solved.23. What do we learn about the sea in the modern technological world?24. What kind of minerals can we find on the ocean floor?25. What do the experts believe will happen by the year 2050?

24．

A．It is the largest supplier of valuable minerals. B．It will disappear in about thirty years.

C．It is beginning to grow smaller and smaller.

D．It offers many resources to help mankind survive.

正确答案：D 解析：短文提到在技术发达的现代世界里，海洋可以提供许多资源以帮助人类生存下去，故D为答案。

25．

A．Iron and copper. B．Gold and copper. C．Nickel and bronze. D．Iron and bronze.

正确答案：A

解析：短文提到海床上有很多有价值的矿物质，such as后又以铁、铜作为例子，故选A。

26．

A．The sea level will be 20 centimeters higher than it is now. B．The sea will be empty if we continue fishing at this pace.

C．The problems to explore the sea will have been largely solved. D．People will depend largely on sea foods and minerals.

正确答案：C

解析：短文结尾处提到2050年，对海洋资源的开采问题在很大程度上将得以解决，故选C。

Section C

During the nineteenth century, when little was known about environmentalism and conservation, it was common to hear people in Europe and America say that the resources of the sea【B1】______ . They believed the world and nature would continuously reproduce all the resources they would need. For example, 【B2】a______ biologist writing in the mid-nineteenth century commented that none of the great sea fisheries were to be【B3】______. Today, though, there is evidence that the resources of the sea are seriously endangered. 【B4】______, environmentalists have focused their attention on the land and air. Recently, however, they are beginning to discover that the resources of the sea are in as much danger. The list of endangered 【B5】______ now included herring and crabs as well as the African elephant, Indian tiger, and the American eagle. Furthermore, the threats to fish are more【B6】______in some ways than the threats to animals and birds. This is because fish are a much more needed food source, and people【B7】______ depend on fish as an important part of their diet. Hence, a decline in the fish supply could have【B8】______ effects on hunger and population. Fishermen in the North Atlantic alone annually harvest 20 billion pounds of fish to 【B9】______ food demand, but the world needs to recognize that these practices cannot continue without depleting fish reserves within the next few years. Rapidly declining sea resources in many parts of the world are problems that cannot be ignored any longer. Unlike the【B10】______in the nineteenth century, we now know that food supplies in the sea cannot last forever.

27． 【B1】

正确答案：were unlimited

解析：根据空格前的hear people．．．say that．．．，可知此处需填入that宾语从句的谓语动词，时态上应与主句it was common一致，同为过去时。unlimited“无限的”。

28． 【B2】

正确答案：noted

解析：此处位于冠词a和名词biologist之间，需填入形容词。noted“著名的”。

29． 【B3】

正确答案：exhausted

解析：空格位于were to be的后面，应填入形容词或分词。exhausted“耗尽的”。

30． 【B4】

正确答案：Previously

解析：此处位于句首，后面接一个逗号，显然应该是修饰句子的副词。本句与后文however引导的内容相对，故本空应填入与recently“最近”相对的表示时间的副词。注意首字母大写。Previously“以前”。

31． 【B5】

正确答案：species

解析：此处需填入endangered所修饰的中心词，与The list of搭配，故应该是复数名词。语义上，它应该是包含后文列举的鱼类、走兽、飞禽的上义词。species“物种”，该词单复数同形。

32． 【B6】

正确答案：alarming

解析：more表明此处是比较句中作表语的多音节形容词，说明threats的严重程度。alarming“严重的”。

33． 【B7】

正确答案：throughout the world 解析：空格前后为句子的主语和谓语，此处需填入修饰成分的词。throughout the world“全世界的”，修饰people。

34． 【B8】

正确答案：extensive

解析：此处需填入形容词或分词来修饰effects，extensive“广泛的”。

35． 【B9】

正确答案：satisfy 解析：空格位于不定式标志词to之后，应填入动词原形，且需与food demand“食品需求”搭配。satisfy“满足”。

36． 【B10】

正确答案：scholars 解析：空格前的the表明此处应填入名词，注意要使用复数形式。scholar“学者”。

Part III Reading Comprehension

Section A

Skip that third helping of roast beef, save the planet and do your heart a favor at the same time. That’s the advice of Alan Dangour of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and colleagues who【C1】______the livestock industry’s potential to help the UK reduce its carbon emissions to half of 1990 levels by 2030, and the knock-on effect on the nation’s health. They found that the industry could reduce its emissions, but only if the livestock the UK produces, and the meat the nation【C2】______, drops by 30 per cent Farms must also optimise(最优化)their energy【C3】______by. for example, capturing carbon in animal waste. The health pay-off would be【C4】______: 18,000 fewer people would die prematurely in the UK each year from heart attacks—a(n) 【C5】______of 17 per cent—as they would eat less of the fats found in meat. The effect would not be limited to rich nations. The team found that Brazil could【C6】______the same health benefits. “We’re not saying go vegetarian, we’re saying reduce how much livestock produce you consume,” says Dangour. The savings could be【C7】______higher if reduced death rates from cancer and obesity had been included, he adds. Agronomist(农艺学家)Kenneth Cassman of the University of Nebraska warns that cutting production in one region can【C8】______it elsewhere, causing a rise in global emissions. “Reducing production of livestock products in a developed country like the UK does little to influence global【C9】______in production and consumption where most of the increase in demand between now and 2050 will come from【C10】______countries,” he says.A)developing B)even C)trends D)exploredE)developed F)just G)considerable H)consumesI)boast J)achieve K)considerate L)offersM)reduction N)boost O)efficiency

37． 【C1】

正确答案：D

解析：此处应为动词。此空谓语动词的宾语是下文的potential(可能性)和effect(结果)，根据前面的人物Alan和colleagues可推测应该是这些人研究关于碳排放的问题，explore常与potential搭配，表示”探索可能性”，故选explored。

38． 【C2】

正确答案：H

解析：此处应为动词。与之并列的produces一词表明家畜的生产，由此可知此处应该表示肉类的“消费”，且下文的produce you consume和production and consumption很好地提示了此处应选consumes，与produces并列。

39． 【C3】

正确答案：O 解析：此处应为名词。名词词库中最适合与optimise一词搭配的是efficiency，表示“优化效率”，且energy effi-ciency是常见同定搭配，表“能源效率”。下文提到的例子“从动物粪便中获取碳”也是与能源效率有关，故选efficiency。

40． 【C4】

正确答案：G

解析：此处应为形容词。从空后的冒号可知此处为总结性话语，而冒号后的具体内容是支撑该观点的。该句提到“英国每年因心脏病而早逝的人将会减少1．8万人”，由18,000 fewer可推断此处表示健康方面的良好结果是“可观的”，选considerable。注意considerate只是形近，意思指“体贴的；考虑周到的”，与语义不符。

41． 【C5】

正确答案：M

解析：此处应为名词。上文提到因心脏病而早逝的人会减少，结合空后的17 per cent可知此处表示“减少”17％，re-duction符合文意。

42． 【C6】

正确答案：J 解析：此处应为动词。根据could可知应该是动词原形，the same health benefits表明巴西的情况与英国的一样，动词词库中。achieve最符合文意，表示“获得……益处”。

43． 【C7】

正确答案：B

解析：此处应为副词。空后的条件状语从句表明在一定条件下，节省程度会

更高，even符合这种递进语义，故为答案。just放在此处语义不通，可排除。

44． 【C8】

正确答案：N

解析：此处应为动词。由上文的warns以及下文的现在分词短语causing．．．emissions表明一个地区的产量降低还是减少不了全球碳的排放量，故可推断此处应该是指“会使得其他地方的产量提高”，才可能最终导致全球碳排放量上升，boost符合文意。

45． 【C9】

正确答案：C

解析：此处应为名词。根据下文的将来时态可知此处表示未来状况，名词词库中trends(趋势)符合此意。

46． 【C10】

正确答案：A

解析：此处应为形容词。上文提到Kenneth认为在像英国这样的发达国家降低产量几乎不能影响全球趋势，由此可推断此处应该是他把责任归咎到发展中国家，developing符合语义。

Section B

It Ain’t Easy Being Green Green stories of hotelsA)Over the summer, I stayed at four hotels in the United States. They were all owned by different companies, but they had one thing in common: A little card on the bathroom counter telling me that the establishment was very concerned about the environment, and appealing to me to do my part to help them save the earth by hanging up my wet towels and using them again the next day. Two of the hotels also placed a card next to the bed informing me that housekeeping would not change the sheets unless I left the card on the pillow.B)It is true that keeping all those towels clean requires an enormous amount of electricity and water and soap, and that cutting down on the number of loads of laundry would be more eco-friendly than my insisting on a new towel each day. But am I a heartless cynic for doubting that a collective environmental anxiety has seized the hotel industry?C)Here is an alternative explanation: All that water, soap, and electricity costs a lot of money and eats into the hotel’s profits. A little card on the counter telling customers that they won’t get new towels because the hotel doesn’t want to pay for laundry wouldn’t go over very well. But by couching it as a green campaign, the hotels actually get credit for providing less service to their customers, while pocketing the difference.D)Industry groups that advise hotels on becoming more environmentally friendly tend to stress the money they’ll save just as much as the benefits to the planet. “Why should hotels be green?” asks the Green Hotels

Association’s Web site. “Haven’t you heard? Being green goes directly to your bottom line.” The site explains that by getting guests to recycle towels and sheets, hotels can save 5 percent on utility bills. “Some days, housekeeping workers, who usually clean 15 rooms a day, don’t change a single bed,” said one satisfied hotel owner, who estimates that “70 percent of people staying more than one night participate in the program.” Another member reports that far fewer guests ask for new towels.E)So let’s review: We give up a nice luxury to save the hotel money; the hotel congratulates itself on being green for peer pressuring us into giving up the luxury under the excuse of environmental consciousness; the hotel keeps the money. Nice work. After all, even if profit is the motive, the net result is a reduction in the hotel’s “carbon footprint”. But here’s what gets me: the hotels I stayed in this summer didn’t seem all that interested in being green when it came to other things. The lobby of the big resort was air conditioned to meat locker temperatures. All day long, that frosty air rushed out the vast double doors, which were left open in the July heat. The resort also had a fleet of big, gas guzzling(耗油)vans idling at the curb to transport guests around the grounds.Green stories of companiesF)Hotels are not the only offenders in this kind of green fakery. Some companies have embraced conservation for real. They build headquarters with solar panels and rainwater collection systems; they think of the environmental impact of every aspect of their businesses and actually change the way they do things to reduce waste. But this is labor intensive, often expensive, and takes commitment. Faced with that, many corporations take a different approach: They don’t do much of anything to change the way they do business, but make a big show of their contribution to Mother Earth.G)It’s usually easy to spot these companies: They make their customers do the work, and then take the credit. In the name of saving the planet, my cable TV operator keeps asking for permission to stop sending paper statements in the mail each month. Instead, I’m supposed to check my statement online. The real reason, of course, is that doing so would save them paper, printing and postage. This is a perfectly reasonable reason for them to want me to switch. But when they pretend that it’s all about the environment, it just makes me hate my cable company even more than I already do.Green stories of ad campaignsH)Sometimes a good ad campaign does a better job of enhancing a company’s green reputation than going through the expense and difficulty of adopting actual environmentally sound practices. Billboards in Washington appeal to me to join the cause. “I will unplug stuff more,” reads one. Another says, “I will at least consider buying a hybrid(合成物).” These ads are the work of Chevron, the giant oil company, whose “Will You Join Us?” ads try to convince people that saving the planet is at the top of their list. You might think that if Chevron was really worried about problems like global warming, they would spend some of those dollars lobbying Congress to adopt stricter gas mileage(英里数)requirements for automobiles. They do not do this. Instead, I’m apparently supposed to praise them as environmental heroes because they tell me to unplug my toaster and think about getting a Toyota Prius.I)Yet ad campaigns like these work. Chevron lands at No. 371 out of 500 companies on Newsweek’s green rankings. But it claims the No. 62 spot when it comes to green reputation thanks in part to those pretty, polished ads. Green marketing has also

helped Wal-Mart appear kinder and gentler in recent years. To be fair, the retailing giant has done more than redesign its logo. The company, which ranks 59th on Newsweek’s list, has embraced a series of in-house green initiatives and is demanding its suppliers do the same. The result: Wal-Mart scores first place in our reputation survey.J)Given the power of positive marketing, it’s easy to see why those little towel cards are so popular— enough so that there are now a lot of companies that market them to hotels, along with all manner of products intended to make customers feel good about themselves while helping the hotels feel good about their bank balances. I suppose it is time that I step up and do my part. On behalf of the planet I will dutifully sleep on day-old sheets. But please, for the love of all that is good and right, keep the towels coming.

47． Industry groups tend to emphasize the money hotels can save along with the benefits to the environment when they persuade hotels into being eco-friendly.

正确答案：D 解析：本题说明了酒店推动环保与其节省开支之间的关系，与此信息相关的段落包括B至D三段。再根据Industry groups及the money hotels can save等关键词可定位至D段第l句，该句中的more environmentally friendly与本题的eco-friendly对应，the money they’ll save与本题的the money hotels can save对应，故确定答案为D。

48． Some companies take the real actions to embrace conservation, while others are just green fakeries.

正确答案：F 解析：本题提到不同公司对环保的两种截然不同的态度，可直接将定位锁定在Green stories of companies标题下的F及G段。其中F段第1句首先总结性地指出，除酒店外，也有其他公司是假装环保的(green fakery)。而第2句表示另外一些公司则是真环保(for real)，这些信息都分别与本题所述对应，故答案为F。

49． Cutting down the number of loads of laundry can save a large amount of electricity and water for the hotels.

正确答案：B

解析：本题与酒店的洗衣服务有关，故应定位在Green stories of hotels标题下的A至E段。再根据关键词laundry，可将范围缩小至B和C，其中B段第1句提到，保持毛巾的干净需要大量的水电和香皂，故减少洗衣服务能减少酒店支出，B段为本题出处。

50． One way to spot the green fakery is to see whether the company makes its customers do the work, and then takes the credit itself.

正确答案：G

解析：本题与辨明公司伪环保的方法有关，可直接在Green stories of companies标题下的F及G段中查找，发现G段第1句提到“容易辨别这类公司(文中的these companies指那些不是真心支持环保的公司)，……”，冒号后的内容与本题对应，故本题出处在G段。

51． Ad campaigns help companies like Chevron raise their ranks of green reputation.

正确答案：I

解析：本题出现关键词Ad campaigns，故可在Green stories of ad campaigns标题下查找出处，再根据专有名词Chevron可快速定位定H段及I段。这两段中只有I段前三句提到了Chevron的环保排名，其中，第3句明确指出该公司之所以能升至62位，部分原因是这些华丽的广告，这与本所述相符，故I为本题出处。

52． In America, it is common for hotels to appeal to customers to recycle towels.

正确答案：A

解析：本题与酒店相关，定位应在Green stories of hotels标题下的段落。A段引出全文话题，其中第2句冒号后有明确提到：“在浴室柜上有一张小卡片，告诉我他们(酒店)很注重环保，并呼吁我晾好湿毛巾，第二天再用，以做好自己的本分帮助他们拯救地球”，该处与本题对应，故选A。

53． It is estimated that seventy percent of the hotel guests are willing to participate in the green program launched by the hotels.

正确答案：D

解析：本题与酒店相关，定位锁定在Green stories of hotels标题下的段落。再根据数值seventy percent可快速定位至D段，该段末引语中明确提到，70％在酒店住宿超过一晚的人都愿意参加该(环保)项目，故本题信息源自D段。

54． As for enhancing a company’s green reputation, it is more effective to set up an ad campaign with eco-friendly slogans than to take up actual green programs.

正确答案：H

解析：由关键词ad campaign可将定位锁定在Green stories of ad campaigns标题下。再根据green reputation可快速查找到H段。该段第1句就总结性地指出“在提高企业环保声誉方面，广告比采取切实环保项目更佳”，其中的does a better job对应本题的more effective，故本题选H。

55． The hotels’ purpose of not changing the towel is to get credit for providing less service to their customers.

正确答案：C

解析：本题与酒店有关，定位锁定在Green stories of hotels标题下的A至E段，其中B、C段分别作出了两种解释：可以减少水电从而达到环保的目的(B段)；以环保的名义，实际上是从减少对顾客的服务中获益(C段最后一句)，后者与本题对应，故选C。

56． Hotels shows indifference to be green in some aspects like air conditioning in the hotel lobby.

正确答案：E

解析：本题与酒店有关，定位锁定在Green stories of hotels标题下的A至E段。再由关键词air conditioning及hotel lobby可查找到E段。该句第4句总结出酒店在其他方面并不关注环保(didn’t…interest in being green．与本题的indifference to be green对应)，之后两句以酒店大堂的空调为例说明这一点，与本题所述对应．故选E。

Section C

Here’s some good news for parents of tweens and teens: You rule. That may be hard to believe sometimes. And it’s true kids won’t always follow your health and safety rules. But studies show parents who keep setting boundaries make a huge difference. The latest example is a survey on media use by the Kaiser Family Foundation. It found that typical kids ages 8 to 18 spend an astonishing 7 hours and 38 minutes a day consuming entertainment media, indulging deeply in TV, computers, games, cellphones, music players and other devices while occasionally glancing at books and other non-electronic media. Many experts, including the pediatrics(小儿科)academy, consider that much screen time bad for mental and physical health. But the study also found that kids whose parents set any time or content limits were plugged in for three hours less each day. “Parents can have a big influence,” says Kaiser researcher Vicky Rideout. “The reality is that teenagers care deeply what their parents think,” says Kenneth Ginsburg, a specialist of the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia. “The challenge for parents is to get across rules and boundaries in a way that doesn’t feel controlling.” Research shows that parents who set firm rules but explain and enforce in a warm supportive way work better than those who set no rules, fail to enforce them or rule with a “because I said so” iron grip. Ideally, “kids understand the rules are about their well-being and safety,” Ginsburg says. Still, achieving just-right parenting is “challenging”, says Margaret Broe-Fitzpatrick, a teacher in Kensington, Md., who has four children, ages 8 to 16. “There are so many different things to keep track of.” She and her husband keep their kids busy with sports and other activities, limit screen time and review the music their children download. They talk with their 16-year-old son about the rules he’ll face when he gets a driver’s license soon. But, she says, they can’t police everything the kids encounter on the Internet or in friends’ homes. “We’re just doing the best we can,” she says,

“even if young people may protest at first, they do feel more safe and secure when limits are set.”

57． The survey by the Kaiser Family Foundation is mentioned to illustrate the idea that______.

A．kids don’t always follow parents’ rules B．only few parents believe the good news C．much media use results in bad health D．parents’ rules make a huge difference

正确答案：D 解析：原文该句表明最新的一个例子是Kaiser Family Foundation所做的～项调查，而这项调查要说明的是第2段最后一句的内容，由此可见，本题应选D。

58． What did the kids do when parents set any time or content limits, according to the Kaiser Family Foundation?

A．They cut down on their screen time. B．They appreciated their parents’ love. C．They spent more time staying outdoors. D．They accepted parents’ rules unwillingly.

正确答案：A 解析：该句提到有父母管的孩子使用媒体的时间比一般孩子少3小时，A“减少使用媒体时间”符合文意，因此，本题应选A。

59． What will Kenneth Ginsburg most probably suggest that parents should do? A．Avoid setting firm rules.

B．Avoid ruling with an iron grip. C．Set rules after family discussion. D．Set rules that are easy to understand.

正确答案：B

解析：原文第5段和第7段都是Kenneth Ginsburg的观点，第6段则以研究发现支持其观点，由此可见，Kenneth Ginsburg的建议可在这三段中寻找。第6段中的better than．．．表明rule with a“because I said so”iron grip这种做法不好，因此，Kenneth Ginsburg应该不会建议父母使用这种做法，B与文相符。

60． Margaret Broe-Fitzpatrick finds it impossible ______. A．to achieve just-right parenting

B．to keep track of everything done by the kids C．for the kids to face rules alone

D．for the kids to observe rules without protest

正确答案：B

解析：Margaret Broe-Fitzpatrick在第8段第2句提到孩子们做的许多事需要他们夫妇俩去留意，而该段最后一句的But表明虽然他们尽力了，但仍不可能监管孩子们所做的每件事，由此可见，B的说法是正确的。

61． The passage is mainly intended for parents______. A．whose kids have difficulty in self-discipline B．whose kids are addicted to media use C．who have doubts about setting rules D．who are too busy to care for their kids

正确答案：C

解析：本文第1段就明确地提出：父母可以管孩子。接下来本文举了小孩使用娱乐媒体这一例子说明父母制定规定的好处和应如何有效地推行制定下来的规定，以此来说服父母可以通过有效的方式“管孩子”，由此可见，本文主要针对那些对“管孩子”有疑惑的父母，因此，本题应选C。

In a survey conducted by research firm Harris Interactive, 71% of Americans said that spending extra money on travel during the holiday season is worthwhile—so long as it affords them time with family and friends. But just because traveling may be the right thing to do, that doesn’t mean it has to be the expensive thing to do. Traveling involves many hidden costs that, once you’re aware of them, are easy to spot—and even easier to eliminate. To start, consider transportation fees. For example, if you’re driving, fill up the gas tank before traveling on the highway, where it’s much costlier, says Clarky Davis, a personal finance expert. And make sure your car is in good condition by checking your heating vents, keeping up with routine maintenance and ensuring your tires are properly inflated, all of which help the car achieve favorable fuel economy. Furthermore, not only does a tow car(救援车)cause inconvenience; it also means extra costs. For those opting to fly, first, be aware of how much it costs to check a bag. Most airlines are charging for every checked bag by weight, but prices vary from carrier to carrier. If you can manage to pack everything into a carry-on, you’ll save at least $15. Brooke Ferencsik, a travel expert, suggests considering secondary airports when booking your flight. These airports often are less crowded and frequently offer cheaper tickets. And when it comes to your actual destination, don’t assume that hotels are going to cut back on fees simply because they’re desperate to draw customers. “They won’t be adding or increasing fees, but they won’t be decreasing them either,” says Ferencsik. The best defense against extra fees is to read about the hotel’s rates online, before you make a reservation. “Be aware of surcharges for everything from housekeeping to groundskeeping to use of the in-room safe,” says Ferencsik. Some hotels even install a sensor(传感器)within the mini bar, charging guests for simply touching the items, let alone eating or drinking them. “From airlines to hotels to rental cars, they’ve all got hidden fees you need to be aware of,” says Ferencsik. “Do your homework and ask questions.”

62． It is found that 71% of Americans regard it as worthwhile to ______. A．spend money on souvenirs while traveling with family and friends B．accept hidden costs while traveling with family and friends C．travel with family and friends during the holiday season D．travel with family and friends so as to please them

正确答案：C

解析：原文该句中的spending extra money on travel意为“花钱去旅行”，结合破折号后的条件状语从句可确定本题应选C。

63． How can fuel economy be improved? A．By filling up the gas tank off the highway B．By avoiding the inconvenience of a tow car C．By considering transportation fees wisely D．By keeping your car in good condition

正确答案：D 解析：原文该句末尾的非限制定语从句表明前面主句提到的三个方面正是题干所问的能使汽车省油的方法．而这三种方法总结来说就是原文该句开头提到的“要确保你的车是处于良好状态”，故D为本题答案。

64． It is advised that everything be packed into a carry-on most probably because a carry-on ______.

A．is usually free of charge

B．is more convenient than several checked bags C．is subject to safety guarantee

D．is usually of a larger size than checked bags

正确答案：A

解析：原文该句提到只要将所有东西都打包到手提行李里，就能至少省15美元，由此可见，“手提行李”很可能无需花钱托运，或收费标准比其他行李便宜，A符合猜测，故为本题答案。

65． When looking for a hotel room, customers usually take it for granted that______.

A．extra fees are specified in the hotel’s rates B．hotels attract customers by reducing fees C．online reservation provides the best rates D．there is a surcharge for any in-room service

正确答案：B

解析：题干中的take it for granted和原文该句中的assume同义，因此，哪个

选项的内容与assume后的宾语从句内容最为相近，哪个就是答案，由此可见，本题应选B。

66． The passage is providing advice to ______. A．spend money wisely B．make traveling enjoyable C．economize on holidays D．avoid hidden cost on a trip

正确答案：D 解析：从第1段最后一句和最后一段可知，本文主要教读者如何避免在旅途中的隐性收费，因此，本题应选D。

Part Ⅳ Translation

67． 中国高速铁路(high—speed rail)网由中国铁路公司运营。该铁路网包括所有商业高速列车运行服务，这些列车的时速平均达200公里或更高。目前中国拥有全球最长的高铁线网，运营中的线路约9300公里。2012年12月25日，中国启动世界上最长的线路，该线路从北京至广州，共2298公里。高铁服务于2007年引进中国。在政府的大力资助下，高铁线网正在迅速扩展。

正确答案： The high-speed rail network in China is operated by China Railway Corporation. The network consists of all commercial train services, and the trains have an average speed of 200 km/h or higher. China has the world’s longest high-speed rail network with about 9,300 km of routes in service at present. The world’s longest line opened in China on 25 December 2012. It runs 2,298 kilometers from Beijing to Guangzhou. High-speed rail service in China was introduced in 2007. With generous funding from the government, the network is rapidly expanding.