高考中的“否定形式”
河北省易县育英高级中学（074200） 庞永升
“否定形式”是中学英语语法的重要内容之一，它涵盖面广，知识结构复杂，在高考中出现率高。本文结合近几年的高考试题对其进行全面总结以帮助广大考生应考。
一、 形式否定，意义上肯定。
1.用“can/could +否定词+too+adj./adv.” 或“can/could+否定词+enough...”表示“再……也不过分，越……越好”。
【考例１】------I was riding along the street and all of a sudden, a car cut in and knocked me down.
-------You can never be_____careful in the street.(2003北京春卷)
A. much B. very C. so D. too (D)
【考例２】-----Must I turn off the gas after cooking?
------Of course. You can never be____careful with that. (2005江西卷)
A. enough B. too C. so D.very (B)
2. 用“否定词（no/not/nothing/never...）+v.+比较级”，表示“再没有……比……
更……”从反面来表示“最肯定”的概念，即用比较级表达最高级的意思。
【考例１】Bob ran the100metres in 9.91seconds, and I have not seen
______this year.(2005浙江卷)
A. the best B. better C. the most D. more (B)
【考例２】----Go for a picnic this weekend, OK?
-----_____. I love getting close to nature.(2004福建卷)
A. I couldn’t agree more B. I’m afraid not
C. I believe not D. I don’t think so (A)
3. 用“否定词（no/not/nothing/never...）+v.+a/an+比较级+单数n.”，有……比……更……”表示最高级意义。
【考例１】 ----Did you enjoy yourself at the party?
-----Yes.I’ve never been to _____ one before. (2006四川卷)
A. a more excited B. the most excited
C. a more exciting D. the most exciting (C)
意思是“没
【考例２】 Your stroy is perfect, I’ve never heard _____ before.
(2006全国卷II)
A. the better one B. the best one
C. a better one D. a good one (C)
4. 用“no+比较级+than=as+比较级反义词的原级+as”，表示“与……一样”。
【考例】-----Can Li Hua help me with my English?
-----I regret to tell you her English is _____ yours.
A. as good as B. better than
C. no better than D. not as well as (C)
5. 用“not/never...until”句型，表示“直到……才……”。有时为了强调状语，常采取以下两种形式：（1）对until引导的时间状语进行强调，用“It+be+not until+时间状语（从句）+that+...... ”（2）not until 放在句首，主语和谓语要倒装，即“Not until+时间状语（从句）+did(will)+主语+......”
【考例１】-----Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?
------Yes. He had never praised him ______he became one of the top
students in his grade.(2003北京春招卷)
A. after B. unless C. until D. when (C)
【考例２】It was not until she got home ______Jennifer realized she had lost her keys. (2006全国卷II)
A. when B. that C. where D. before (B)
6. 用“no sooner had+主语+过去分词+than+主语+一般过去时”或“hardly/scarely had +主句主语+过去分词+when+从句主语+一般过去时”表示“一……就……”。
【考例】 —Did Linda see the traffic accident?
—No, no sooner ______ than it happened. (2006天津卷)
A. had she gone B. she had gone
C. has she gone D. she has gone (A)
二、形式肯定，意义上否定。
1. fail He failed to keep his words.（他没有守诺言）
2. miss I missed the first part of the speech.（我没有听到演讲的第一部分。） He
got up a little late only to miss the train by ten minutes.（他起床有点晚了，结果差十分钟没赶上火车。）
3.spare He might have spared the explanation.（他本可以不必解释。）
4. wonder I wonder whether it is true.（我不晓得这是否是真的。）
5. doubt I doubt if this is what she likes.（我看这不见得是她所喜欢的。）
6.escape The name of the city has escaped my memory. （我想不起这个城市的名字了。） He hoped to escape notice.（他希望不引起人们的注意。）
7. too......to...... He thinks this chance too good to miss.（他认为这个机会太好了，不应该错过。） This suitcase is too heavy for him to carry.（这个皮箱太重，他拿不动。）
8. rather...... than, rather than She would rather have the blue dress than the red one. （他宁要那件蓝色的衣服，而不要红色的。） He insisted on walking there rather than taking the bus.（他坚持要走着去，而不愿乘公共汽车。）
9. prefer......to I prefer black coffee to white coffee. （我喜欢喝纯咖啡，而不喜欢喝加牛奶的咖啡。） I prefer going to bed late to getting up early.（我宁愿晚睡而不愿早起。）
10. without He went home without getting his homework done.（他没有完成作业就回家去了。） The boy couldn’t speak without stuttering continuously.（这个男孩不结巴就讲不出话来。）
11. beyond The village was altered beyond recognition. （这个村庄都变得认不出来了。） This textbook is beyond the children of ten.（这本教材对于10岁的孩子来说还看不懂。）
12. instead of Instead of competing, we cooperate. （我们没有竞争，而是合作。） It is fine today, patients should go out instead of staying in bed.（今天天气很好，病人们应该出去走走，不要总躺在床上。）
13. unless Unless he had arrived at five, he would not have caught the train.（要不是5点钟到达，那他就赶不上火车了。） You will fail in the exam unless you work harder.（如果你学习再不努力些，考试就会不及格。）
14.hardly It was so dark that we could hardly see the path.（天太黑，我们几乎看不见路。）You could hardly imagine how happy I was when I heard the news.(你简直想像不出当我听到这个消息时是多么高兴啊。)
15.scarely His voice was so soft that I could scarcely hear him.（他的声音太轻了，我几乎听不到他在说什么。） She scarcely ever goes to the concert this year.（她今年几乎没有听过音乐会。）
16.few, little There were very few writers who could compare with William Shakespeare in England.（在英国没有几位作家能比的上威廉莎士比亚。） I see him very little recently.（我近来很少看见他。）
17.before Before Diana could stop her, she ran out.（不等戴安娜拦住她，她就
跑出去了。）
And before she could speak again, I began to talk.（不等她再讲话，我又开始谈起来。）
I slipped out before the lecture started.（不等报告开始我就溜了出来。）
【考例１】.-----Can he take charge of the computer company?
------I’m afraid it’s _____ his ability.
A. beyond B. within C. of D. to (A)
【考例２】.―Why didn’t you tell him about the meeting?
-----He rushed out of the room_____I could say a word.
A .before B. until C. when D. after (A)
【考例３】He made a mistake, but then he correted the situation_____it got worse.(03北京卷，30)
A. until B. when C. before D. as （C）
【考例4】There’s ______cooking oil in the house. Would you go to the corner store and get_____?
A. little; some B. little; any C. a little; some D. a little; any (A)
【考例5】 Everything was perfect for the picnic ______ the weather.（08浙江卷，17）
A. in place of B. as well as C. except for D. in case of （C）
【考例6】 Don’t promise anything ______ you are one hundred percent sure.（08浙江卷，16）
A. whether B. after C. how D. unless （D）
【考例7】 --- Why do you suggest we buy a new machine?--- Because the old one has been damaged ___________.（08江苏卷，28）
A. beyond reach description （B）
B. beyond repair C. beyond control D. beyond
【考例8】 At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was _______.（08天津卷，15）
A. out of sight B. out f reach C. out f order D. out f place（A）
【考例9】 We’ll have a picnic in the park this Sunday _____ it rains or it’s very cold.（08天津卷，1）
A. since B. if C. unless D. until （C）
三、部分否定与全部否定
当含有全体意义的代词或副词如：all, both, each, every, 与every一起合成不定代词（everything, everybody,和everyone）与副词everywhere,always, entirely, wholly出现在有not或never等否定句中，这些否定词否定的是上述的全部总括词，因此这些否定句为部分否定句。例如：
1. All that glitters is not gold.（Not all that glitters is gold.）
2. I don’t know all the professor of this university.
3. Both of the children are not clever.(Not both of the children are clever.)
4. Cameras of this kind cannot be bought everywhere in Beijing.
全部否定与部分否定是对应的。要想把部分否定变成全部否定就要换成全部否定意义的否定代词。
1.Not all the teachers in the school graduated from the normal university.（部分否定）
None of the teachers in the school graduated from the normal university.(全部否定)
2.Both of the children are not clever.（部分否定）
Neither of the children are clever.（全部否定）
3.I do not know all of them.（我不全认识他们。）（部分否定）
I do not know any of them.（我全不认识他们。）（全部否定）
4. He hasn’t paid it all.（他还未付完。）（部分否定）
He hasn’t paid any of it.（他全部未付。）（全部否定）
5. I can’t promote both of you.（我不能同时提拔你们两位。）（部分否定）
I can’t promote any of you.（你们二人我谁也不能提拔。）（全部否定）
6. Both of his children are not college students.（他的两个孩子不都是大学生。）（部分否定）
Neither of his children are college students.（他的两个孩子都不是大学生。）（全部否定）
7. Everybody wouldn’t like him.（不是每个人都喜欢他。）（部分否定）
Nobody would like him.（没有人喜欢他。）（全部否定）
【考例１】I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with______.
A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing (A)
【考例2】I invited Joe and Linda to dinner, but____ of them came.
A. neither B. either C. none D. both (A)
【考例3】_______likes money, but money is not______.
A. Everyone; everything B. Anyone; anything
C. Someone; nothing D. Nobody; everything (A)
【考例4】 –I’d like some more cheese. –Sorry, there’s ______ left.（08浙江卷，9）
A. some B. none C. a little D. few （B）
【考例5】 It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which _____ of the parents spoke the language.（08北京卷，25）
A. none B. neither C. both D. each （B）
四、非谓语动词的否定
非谓语动词的否定就是把not直接加在非谓语动词的前面。即：not to do, not to be done, not to be doing, not to have done, not to have been done, not to have been doing etc. not doing, not having done, not being done etc.
【考例1】----Robert is indeed a wise man.
------Oh, yes. How often I have regretted_______ his advice!
（07安徽卷30）
A. to take B. taking C. not to take D. not taking (D)
【考例2】She pretended_______me when I passed by. (NMET1989)
A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen (A)
【考例3】.Victor apologized for_______to inform me of the change in the plan.(04上海春卷)
A. his being not able B. him not to be able
C. his not being able D. him to be able (C)
【考例４】_______a mistake, he examined his answers again and again.
A. Don’t to make B. Not to make
C. To not make D. Make not (B)
【考例5】 ______that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.（08浙江卷，10）
A. Not realized B. Not to realize C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized （C）
【考例6】 --- They are quiet, aren’t they? --- Yes. They are accustomed ____________ at meals.（08江苏卷，29）
A. to talk B. to not talk C. to talking D. to not talking （D）
五、否定前置
有些带宾语从句的句子，特别是动词为think, believe, suppose, imagine等时，我们通常把主句谓语变为否定结构，而不是把从句的谓语变为否定结构，尽管否定的意思在从句上（这从句子的译文可以看出）：
I don’t think she is here now.（我认为她现在不在这里。）
I don’t believe she will like the idea.(我相信她不会赞成这个想法。)
I don’t suppose you’ve been here before.(我想你从前没来过这里。)
在appear, seem, expect, happen等跟不定式的句子，也有类似情况，在日常口语
中常可把前面动词变为否定结构，如把不定式变为否定式显得过于正规：
Jim doesn’t seem to like you.(吉姆似乎不太喜欢你。)
I don’t expect her to turn up at the meeting.(我估计她不会来开会。)
【考例１】I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer, ______? （01上海卷，30）
A. do I B. don’t I C. will they D. won’t they (C)
【考例２】I suppose LiMing can’t be sleeping now, _______?
A. do I B. don’t I C. can he D. is he (D)
【考例３】He believed you were doing your homework then,_______?
A. did he B. didn’t he C. were you D. weren’t you (B)
【考例４】What Peter said, I think, is right,_______? A. do I B. don’t I C. is it D. isn’t it (D)
【考例５】I______think nothing is impossible.
A. don’t B. / C. didn’t D. did (B)
六、否定与倒装
Neither, nor, never, little, not only, not until, hardly, scarcely等引起的句子常用倒装语序：
Never shall we bow down to our enemies.(我们绝不会向敌人弯腰屈膝。)
Little does he care whether we live or die.（他才不会在乎我们的死活。）
Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily.(他不仅说得更正确，而且讲得更不费劲了。)
Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining.(他刚到她就开始发起牢骚来。)
Little did he realize the danger he faced.(他几乎没有意识到他面对的危险。)
【考例１】If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party, __________. (07全国卷II，11)
A. he will either B. neither will he
C. he neither will D. either he will (B)
【考例２】Mary never does any reading in the evening, _______.
（05吉林卷，16）
A. so does John B. John does too
C. John doesn’t too D. nor does John (D)
【考例３】Of the making of good books there is no end; neither ______ any end to their influence man’s lives.（04广东卷，30）
A. there is B. there are C. is there D. are there (C)
【考例４】I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all life_______so happy!（00春卷，22）
A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt (D)
【考例5】 Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and ______.（08辽宁卷，35）
A. I was neither B. neither was I C. I was either D. either was I （B）
【考例6】 Not until the motorbike looked almost new repairing and cleaning it.（08陕西卷，7）
A. he stopped B. did he stop C. stopped he D. he did stop （B）
七、反意疑问句的否定
反意疑问句中，陈述句为肯定句时，简短问句用否定结构：
You are from Thailand, aren’t you?（你是泰国人，是吗？）
You’ve got my E-mail, haven’t you?（你接到了我的电子邮件了，对吧？）
You know how to get there, don’t you?（你知道怎样去那儿，是吧？）
They can do the work by themselves, can’t they?（这工作他们自己就能干，对吧？）
如果前面是否定句，则简短问句需用肯定结构，在回答这种问题时要小心，答案为否定句时，前面要用No,若是肯定回答则用Yes, 这和汉语是不一样的：
“You didn’t go home, did you?” “No, I didn’t.”（“你没回家，对吧？”“是的，没回家。”）
“She wasn’t here at that time, was she?” “No, she wasn’t.”（“那时他不在这儿，对吧。”“对，那时他不在这里。”）
“You aren’t interested in sports, are you?” “But yes, I like sports very much.”（“你对运动没兴趣，对吧？”“不，我很喜欢运动。”）
带never, hardly, seldom的句子也算否定句：
You’ve never been in Hong Kong, have you?（你从来没来过香港，对吧？）
She hardly knows any English, does she?（她几乎不懂英语，对吧？）
You seldom play tennis, do you?（你很少打网球，对吧？）
反意疑问句应注意的几个问题：（看下列例句）
【考例１】There was a loud scream from the backstage immediately after the concert ended,_______?（05上海卷，29）
A. wasn’t there B. was there C. didn’t it D. did it (A)
【考例２】Bill’s aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising on TV is illegal,______?（04上海卷，31）
A. isn’t it B. is it C. isn’t he D. is he (A)
【考例３】There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture,_______?（04上海春卷，31）
A. didn’t they B. don’t they
C. mustn’t they D. haven’t they (D)
【考例４】Brain told you that there wasn’t anyone in the room at that time, ______? （02上海春卷，24）
A. was there B. wasn’t there C. didn’t he D. did he (C)
【考例５】The man is dishonest,________?
A. is he B. isn’t he C. does he D. hasn’t he (B)
【考例６】Be tough-minded, but tender-hearted, _______?
A. will you B. isn’t it C. aren’t you D. are you (A)
【考例７】So you haven’t caught what I said just now,______?
A. haven’t you B. have you C. do you D. don’t you 【考例８】It is impolite to call the old by their name,_______?
A. is it B. isn’t it C. doesn’t D. does it (B)
【考例９】You seldom eat out,______you?
A. do B. don’t C. are D. aren’t (A)
八、否定结构中的or和and
在否定句中，并列成分的列举，通常用or, 而不用and,如：
(A)
It has no feet or legs.（它没有脚和腿。）
There is no air or water there.（那里没有空气和水。）
You won’t have to worry about rank or pay.（你不必担心军衔和工资。）
The elephant isn’t like a wall, or a spear, or a snake, or a tree, neither is he like a fan.（大象不象墙，不象长矛，不象蛇，不象树，也不象扇子。）
A medical examination without a doctor or nurse in the room?（大夫或护士不在眼前就能进行体格检查？）
注意：1.表示否定列举时，如用and，则否定的是后一部分内容，如：
The TV sets are not made in Shanghai and in Nanjing.（这些电视机是上海造的，而不是南京造的。）
He cannot write and speak.（他会写，但不会说。）
1.如果表示全否定，则and连接的两个部分都要用否定词，如：
I have no eyes and no ears (=I have neither eyes nor ears.)（我没有眼睛，也没有耳朵。）
Read in light which is not too bright and not too dim.（在不太亮也不太暗的灯光下看书。）
2.and连接的两个部分都在否定词之前，也表示全否定，如：
Mum and Dad can’t write their names. (=Neither Mum nor Dad can write their names.)
妈妈和爸爸写不出他们的名字。但不能用both...and...not 句型，如：
不说：Both Mum and Dad can not write their names.
3.句中如出现两个否定词，则表示否定之否定，实为肯定，故被否定的两部分可用and连接，如：Men can’t live without air and water. (没有空气和水，人不能活。)
4.与and不同的是not....as well as这一结构，它否定是as well as前面的内容，如：
The novel isn’t interesting as well as instructive.（这本小说无趣，但有教育意义。）
I have not heard from Mr.Brown as well as from Mr.Smith.（我收到史密斯的信，没有收到布朗的信。）
【考例１】----I don’t like singing______ dancing, what about you?
----I don’t like dancing, ______I like singing songs.
A. and ;and B. and ; but C. or; but D. or; and (C)
【考例２】-----I don’t like chicken_____fish.
------I don’t like chicken, ______I like fish very much. (NMET1993)
A. and; and B. and; but C. or; and D. or; but (D)
九、强调句的否定
1.强调句的否定式为：It is/was+not......+that+......。
It is not only blind men that made such stupid mistakes.
2.强调结构的附加问句形式为：isn’t/wasn’t it?或is it ? was it?
It is they who will attend the medical conference, isn’t it?
It was at the crossing that he had an accident, wasn’t it?
3.not....until...+时间状语从句的强调形式为：It is/was not until ......that....
【比较】1. A) He didn’t arrive home until twelve o’clock.
B) It was not until twelve o’clock that he arrived home.
C)Not until twelve o’clock did he arrive home.
2. A) The boy didn’t begin to do his homework until his father came back.
B) It was not until his father came back that the boy began to do his homework.
C) Not until his father came back did the boy begin to do his homework.
【考例１】It ____ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks ____ I found we had a lot in common.（07浙江卷，10）
A. was until; when B. was until ; that
C. wasn’t ; when D. wasn’t until; that (D)
【考例２】It was not until 1920_____ regular radio broadcasts began. （95全国卷，33）
A. while B. which C. that D. since (C)
【考例３】Not until all the fish died in the river______ how serious the pollution was.(95全国卷，38)
A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized
C. the villagers did realize D. didn’t the villagers realize （A）
十、双重否定
指一个句子中除谓语动词否定外，还存在另一否定概念，即双重否定句。双重否定起加强语气的作用或表示委婉口吻，实际含肯定意义。
You can’t make something out of nothing.（巧妇难为无米之炊。）
Man can’t live without air and water.（人离开空气和水就不能活。）
Don’t touch anything unless your teacher tells you to.（未经老师许可，不要动任何东西。）
There is nobody but knows this matter.（此事无人不知。）
No pains, no gains.（不劳无获。）
No investigation, no right to speak.(没有调查，就没有发言权。)
Nothing venture, nothing have.（不入虎穴，焉得虎子。）
【考例１】I’m sure the letter won’t arrive in time______ it is sent by air.
A. if B. until C. because D. unless (D)
【考例２】The book is of great value. ______can be enjoyed unless you digest it.（07福建卷，23）
A. Nothing B. Something C. Everything D. Anything (A)
【考例３】Most birds find it safe to sleep in the trees, but ______ they have eggs or young chicks, they don’t use a nest.（07湖南卷，33）
A. why B. how C. unless D. where (C)
十一、not的替代功能
1. not用作分句替代词，代替前面出现的分句的一部分或整句，以避免重复。not代表一个否定句。在Think, believe, expect, imagine, suppose等词后，表示“认为，相信，设想”等， 否定的替代有两种：……not/not.....so. 这些词所带的宾语从句的否定能前置。
------Is he going to study abroad?
------I believe not. (I don’t believe so.)
2. 在guess, hope, fear, I’m afraid等词后，表示“猜想；希望；担心；恐怕”等，否定的替代只有一种……not.
------I think you will be admitted into Beijing University this summer.
------I hope so./I’m afraid not.
3. Not与if等从属连词搭配，构成无动词条件句。如：
We are told that he will come tonight, and if so, our meeting will be held
tomorrow. If not, there won’t be any meeting tomorrow.
4. 分句替代词not可与perhaps, possible, probably, certainly, of course, surely等表示情态的副词搭配，构成缩略句；还可以与why搭配，构成缩略疑问句why not....?也可构成I’d better not，而so一般不可这样用。
a)-----Will you waste your time and money on that?
-----Certainly not. (Certainly I will not do that.)
b)----I didn’t stop him.
-----Why not? (Why didn’t you stop him?)
5. 动词want, promise, wish, tell等常用不定式符号to或not to来替代前面相同的部分。
【考例1】The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street. But his mother told him_____(1995)
A. not to B. no to do C. not to it D. do not to (A)
【考例2】----Do you believe the American Women Volleyball Team will win the game?
----______.
A. I believe B. I don’t believe
C. I’m sure it D. I’m not sure. (D)
【考例３】----It’s a long time since I saw my sister.（07全国卷I，24）
----______her this weekend?
A. Why not visit B. Why not to visit
C. Why not visiting D. Why don’t visit (A)
【考例４】We all know that, ___,the situation will get worse.（07全国卷I，28）
A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt with
C. if dealt not carefully with D. not if caefully dealt with (B)
【考例5】 –The floor is dirty. Can anyone clean it?
– I do it all the time.（08陕西卷，18）
A. Don’t mention it. B. Why you? C. Not sure D. Not me again. （D）
十二、与否定相关的句型及短语
常用句型：
1. more A than B:“与其说B不如说A”
He is more a scholar than a teacher.
It is even more a picture than a poem.
2. less A than B:“与其说A不如说B”
She regards me less as her teacher than as her friend.
Experience shows that success is due less to ability than to zeal.
3. better A than B“与其说B不如说A”
Better to do well than to say well.
Better die standing than live kneeling.
4. rather A than B “与其说B不如说A”
He is rather dilligent than clever.
We should check up rather than accept what he says.
5. not so much A as B “与其说A不如说B”
I did that not so much for myself as for my son.
A man’s worth lies not so much in what he has as in what he is.
6.may(might) as well A as B.“与其说B不如说A”
You may as well throw your money away as spend it in gambling.
We may as well take a taxi home (as walk home).
7.not A but B (...and not A) “不是A而是B ”
He is not a musician but a playwright and poet.
My brother majors not in maths, and but in English.
8.not that A but that B.“不是因为A而是因为B”
其实是“It is not that.... ,but that.....句型的省略。
Not that I dislike the job, but that I have no time to do it now.
Not that I don’t want to help you, but that it’s beyond my power to do so.
9.would rather A than B “宁愿做A不愿做B ”
I would rather stay at home than go to the seaside for the holidays.
I would rather I suffered a great loss in money than you should cheat others.
10. prefer A to B “宁愿要A不愿要B”
I prefer tea to coffee, as a Chinese.
11.There is no need to do sth.
There’s no need to hurry--- we’ve got plenty of time.
12.There is no sense in doing sth.
There is no sense in making him angry.
13.There’s no point in doing sth.
There’s no point in talking about it again.
14.There is no use (in) doing sth./It is no use doing sth.
There’s no use trying to explain.
15.There is no good in doing sth./It is no good doing sth./It is (was) hardly any good doing.
It is no good trying to talk me out of leaving.(想说服我不离开，没用。)
16.There is (was) nothing worse than doing sth.
There is nothing worse than going out in the cold with wet hair.（没有比在大冷天头发湿着外出更糟糕的了。）
17.There is no doubt that.......（毫无疑问……）
18. It is no wonder that....(难怪……)
19. No matter what/ which/how/ who /whom/when.......
20. didn’t mean to do sth (没打算做……实际上做了)
【考例１】Though he started late, Mr.Guo played the piano as well as, if_____, Miss Liu.（07陕西卷，7）
A.not better than B. not better C. no better than D. no better (A)
【考例２】-----Do you need any help, Lucy?
-----Yes. The job is _____ I could do myself.（07福建卷，34）
A. less than B. more than C. no more than D. not more than (B)
【考例３】Reality is not the way you wish things to be, or the way they appear to be, _____the way they actually are.（07湖南卷，21）
A. as B. or C. but D. and (C)
【考例４】-----Ouch! You hurt me!
-----I am sorry. But I _____ any harm. I _____ to drive a rat out. （07江西卷，35）
A. didn’t mean; tried B. don’t mean; am trying
C. haven’t meant; tried D. didn’t mean; was trying (D)
【考例5】 It is often said that the joy of traveling is __________ in arriving at your destination ___________ in the journey itself.（08江苏卷，27）
A. / … but B. / … or C. not … or D. not … but （D）
常用短语：
1. no way:“绝对不行。”“没门”“不可能”
a)----I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her.
-----No way. It was her fault.
b)----I would like to watch the football match with him this afternoon.
-----No way. You should stay at home to wash your clothes.
2. no problem.“没问题”“完全可以”
a)-----Will you post this letter for me?
-----No problem.
b)----I wonder if you could lend me some money.
-----No problem.
3. no doubt“毫无疑问”“肯定无疑”
a)---=Will he win the first prize in the competition?
-----No doubt.
b) -----Will he come here to attend the meeting tomorrow?
-----No doubt.
4. no wonder“不足为怪”“不足为奇”“难怪”
a)----He should not work out the problem.
----No wonder.
b)-----What? Has he learned advanced mathematics all by himself?
------No wonder.
5. no use“不管用”“没有用”
a)-----He is talking with her to warn her not to be late any more.
------No use.
b)-----He told me he had found a better way.
------No use.
6.no fear“不会的”“当然不会”
a)----I think that he will be angry with me.
-----No fear.
b)----Are you going out on a night like this？
-----No fear.
7.no trouble“不费事”“没什么”
a)----I’m sorry to have given you so much trouble.
-----No trouble.
b)----Don’t trouble to meet me at the station.
-----No trouble at all.
8.no harm“没什么”“无妨”“不碍事”
a)-----I wonder if what I said made you angry.
------No harm.
b)-----Could you tell me whether what I am doing will affect you?
------No harm.
9.no worry“放心”“不用担心”
a)-----I want to know how he is now.
------No worry. He is fine now.
b)------It’s already five o’clock. Why hasn’t he come back yet?
-------No worry. He’s on the way now.
10.no need“不必”“没必要”
-----Must he hand in his ID card to you?
----No need.
11.no good“没益处”“没好处”
-----I have decided to make friends with his brother.
-----No good.
12.not a little / not a bit
He is not a little tired.（他非常累。）
He is not a bit tired. （他一点儿也不累。）
【考例１】----I apologize for not being able to join you for dinner.(07天津卷，10)
----_______. We’ll get together later.
A. Go ahead B. Not to worry
C. That’s right D. Don’t mention it (B)
【考例２】----Dad! Tom’s broken a glass!
------______. Accidents will happen.（07四川卷，34）
A. No way B. Doesn’t matter
C. No trouble at all D. Don’t mention it (B)
【考例３】----“Could we put off the meeting?” she asked.（07江苏卷，32）
------“_______”, he answered politely. “This is the only day everyone is available.”
A. Not likely B. Not exactly C. Not nearly D. Not really (D)
【考例４】---Have you been wasting time on computer games again?（07山东卷，23）
-----_______. I’ve been studying a lot and I need a break.
A. No way B. Not really
C. I don’t agree D. I couldn’t agree more (B)
【考例5】 —Sorry, I made a mistake again. — ______. Practice more and you’ll succeed.
A. Never mind B. Certainly not C. Not at all D. Don’t mention it
（A）（08全国卷I，35）
【考例6】 —Did you have a good time in Thailand last week? — ______, it was too hot.（08浙江卷，21）
A. No! really （A）
B. Yeah, why not C. Oh, great D. You’re right
【考例7】 --- I can’t repair these until tomorrow, I’m afraid.
--- That’s OK, there’s ____________.（08江苏卷，25）
A. no problem B. no wonder C. no doubt D. no worry （D）
【考例8】 --- Do you mind if I record your lecture? --- ___________. Go ahead.
（08江苏卷，22）
A. Never mind B. No way C. Not at all D. No, you’d better
not （C）
【跟踪练习】
1. “Are you satisfied with his answer?” “Not at all.It couldn’t have been ______.”
A. better B. worse C .more D. less (B)
2.I’m______at sums than Jean, but better at history.
A. more B. less C. worse D. clever (C)
3. ----Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?
-----_______.
A. I don’t believe B. I don’t believe it
C. I believe not so D. I believe not (D)
4. ----You haven’t lost the ticket, have you?
----_______. I know it’s not easy to get anothe one at the moment.
A. I hope not B. Yes, I have
C. I hope so D. Yes, I’m afraid so (A)
5.-----The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they?
-----________.
A. I guess not so B. I don’t guess
C. I don’t guess so D. I guess not (D)
6.----Do you mind my smoking here?
----_______.（06四川卷）
A. No thanks B. No, good idea
C. Yes, please D. Yes. Better not (D)
7. ----How about putting some pictures into words.
-----________A picture is worth a thousand words.（05江苏卷）
A. No way B. Why not C. All right D. No matter (B)
8. -----Do you mind my taking the seat?
------_________.
A.Yes. Sit down please B. Yes. Take it , please
C. No. Of course not D. No. You can’t take it.(C)
9. Never in my wildest dreams _____ these people are living in such poor conditions.
A. I could imagine B. Could I imagine
C. I imagine D. imagine I (B)
10.----Did Linda see the traffic accident?
-----No , no sooner______ than it happened.（06天津卷）
A. had she gone B. she had gone
C. has she gone D. she has gone (A)
11._______snacks and drinks, but they also brought cars for entertainment
when they had a picnic in the forest.（04上海卷）
A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bring
C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring (B)
12.Not only _____interested in football but_____ beginning to show an interest in it.（02上海春）
A. the teacher himself is; all his students are
B. the teacher himself is; are all his students
C. is the teacher himself; are all his students
D. is the teacher himself; all his students are (D)
13.The teacher asked us_____so much noise.（03北京卷）
A. don’t make B. not make C.not making D.not to make (D)
14.----The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they?（03北京卷）
----_____.
A. I guess not so B. I don’t guess
C. I don’t guess so D. I guess not (D)
15.______a reply, he decided to write again. (NMET1992)
A. Not receiving B. Receiving not
C. Not having received D. Having not received (C)
16-----I must apologize for_____ahead of time.
-----That’s all right. (NMET1994)
A. letting you not know B. not letting you know
C. letting you know not D. letting not you know (B)
17.-----I usually go there by train.
------Why not_____by boat for a change? (NMET1992)
A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going (D)
18.-----Sorry, Joe. I didn’t mean to ...
------Don’t call me “Joe”. I’m Mr.Parker to you, and______you forget it! (NMET2003)
A. do B. didn’t C. did D. don’t (D)
19.Not only you but also______fond of music.
A. I am B. am I C. I do D. do I (A)
20.______careless when you do your homework.
A. Not be B. Be not C. Don’t D. Don’t be 21.He said he_____ go to the cinema this evening.
A. would rather not B. would not rather
C. had not better D. didn’t have better (A)
(D)
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