专业英语四级(阅读)模拟试卷10(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷10 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有： 5. READING COMPREHENSION

PART V READING COMPREHENSION (25 MIN)Directions: In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.

Most people feel stress at some time in their lives. Some people like this pressure and work better because of it. Other people are not comfortable with any stress at all; they soon become unhappy if they feel stress. Sometimes stress can lead people to do things they wouldn’t usually do, such as overeat, smoke, drink, or use drugs. Stress, however, is a very normal part of life. It is important to understand that stress doesn’t come from an event itself; that is from the things that are happening in our lives. It comes from the meaning we give to what has happened. For example, a crying baby may be stressful to one person, but it may not bother another person at all; a traffic jam may be stressful to one person while another person may be able to stay calm. We can experience stress any time we feel we don’t have control. It can come from a feeling that we can’t do anything about a situation. Basically, it is the body’s way of showing anxiety or worry. Stress is not just caused by our mental or emotional condition. It is also influenced by how tired we are, whether we have a balanced diet with enough vitamins and minerals, whether we get enough physical exercises, and whether we are relaxed. The point at which stress becomes a problem changes from day to day, even for the same person. In some situations, if we are rested and feel good about ourselves, a little stress will not be a problem. In another situation, if we are tired or feel unsure about our abilities, even a small amount of stress can cause problems. For example, we might begin to worry about things that haven’t happened yet instead of working on things that are happening now. Or we might not feel able to find solutions to everyday problems. If we feel stressed, there are several things that we can do. First, we need to learn how to relax and breathe slowly and smoothly. We can also take some time out of our worried, busy schedule to notice the small things in life. Smell the air, look at the flowers, notice the small designs in the leaves on a tree—these activities can do much to quiet us and to give ourselves a small break in a busy schedule. We need to take care of our bodies. Being tired makes it easier for us to get sick and to develop physical problems related to stress. We need to get enough rest, eat well, and do some regular exercise. Scientists have found that for our minds to think clearly, our bodies need to have certain vitamins and minerals; some of the most important vitamins are the B-complex vitamins. Doing regular exercise is also a physical way to let go of angry feelings or feelings of helplessness. Finally, we need to find what is causing the stress in our lives. Once we have found it, we need to begin to change that part of our

lives. If we believe that we can control stress, we can begin to control our lives. Then we can start to use stress in a positive way.

1． The passage is mainly concerned with______. A．stress

B．physical exercises C．diets D．anxiety

正确答案：A

解析：主旨题。从文章一开始就看出全文的中心论题是压力，所以[A]为答案。[B]”身体锻炼”、[C]”饮食”和[D]”焦虑”都不是文章的主题。 知识模块：阅读

2． All the following statements are correct EXCEPT that______. A．whether we like it or not, stress is a normal part in our lives

B．something stressful to one person may be nothing at all to another

C．stress is something that we can hardly control because it appears almost everywhere in our lives

D．whether stress causes problems or not mainly depends on how we feel about ourselves

正确答案：C

解析：推理题，文章中主要论述了压力对我们生活和工作的影响，并就如何克服各种压力提出了一些切实可行的方法，由此看来压力是可以控制的，所以[C]与原文不符，故为答案。[A]、[B]和[D]分别可以在文章的第一段最后一句、第一段第二句和第四段中找到对应的语句。 知识模块：阅读

3． Stress comes from______. A．the solution to problems B．the structure of our minds C．the event itself

D．the meaning we give to what has happened

正确答案：D 解析：细节题．、从文章第二段第二句“It comes from the meaning we give to what has happened．”可知答案为[D]。[C]从第二段第一句可知是错误的，因此可以排除。[A]不符合逻辑，[B]在文中没有提到。 知识模块：阅读

4． Which of the following is NOT among the solutions to stress provided by the passage?

A．We need to take care of our bodies.

B．We need to discuss it with a psychological doctor.

C．We need to find what is causing the stress in our lives.

D．We need to learn how to relax and breathe slowly and smoothly.

正确答案：B

解析：细节题。从文中我们可以找到解决压力的几条途径，即[A]”我们需要照顾好自己的身体”(第六段第一句)、[C]”我们要找出导致生活中的压力的原因”(最后一段第一句)、[D]”我们需要学会如何放松和缓慢、顺畅地呼吸”(第五段第二句)，但是没有提到[B]”我们需要与心理医生讨论压力问题”，所以[B]为正确答案。 知识模块：阅读

5． Which of the following is CORRECT according to the passage?

A．The best way for us to avoid stress is to relax and breathe slowly and smoothly.

B．Stress may easily cause some physical problems unless we take enough vitamins and minerals.

C．Doing exercise is not helpful to release stress. D．Stress can be used positively.

正确答案：D

解析：推理题。从文章的开头和结尾都可以看出压力能成为动力，发挥积极的作用，所以[D]为正确答案。[A]中说“避免压力的最好方式是放松、缓慢、顺畅地呼吸”、[B]”除非我们摄取足够的维生素和矿物质，否则压力会很容易导致身体问题”和[C]”锻炼对缓解压力没有帮助”，这三项都与原文不符，均可排除。 知识模块：阅读

If you didn’t know any better, you might mistake the Newark Earthworks in southern Ohio for the product of some giant heaven spirit who went crazy with an Etch A Sketch. The Earthworks are actually a series of huge geometric mounds that anthropologists believe were created two millennia ago by ancestors of Native Americans called the Hopewell people. The most significant feature still standing is known as the Octagon(八角广场), which has 550-foot-long earthen walls and a footprint big enough to hold four Roman Colosseums(古罗马的圆形大剧场). The structure is connected, via two parallel embankments, to a perfect, 20-acre circle. Together the two shapes form a sophisticated astronomical observatory—scientists have discovered that the structure is precisely aligned with the 18. 6-year lunar cycle’s northernmost moonrise. The residents of Newark will tell you that it is also precisely aligned with the ninth fairway at the private Moundbuilders Country Club. The Earthworks are a National Historic Landmark, and they are under consideration for the UNESCO World Heritage list of cultural and natural wonders. But if you want to see them well, you’re too late. During the golf season, everyone but club members is kept out, except on four visiting days. Let’s not condemn the club so fast. The club, which since 1910 has occupied the Octagon and covered all maintenance costs, is widely credited with preventing the place from being plowed under. The issue is how to accommodate nonmem-bers who want more access, especially for Native American

ceremonial purposes. Most visitors end up seeing only a tiny part of the Octagon from a small observation deck. Or they can follow the asphalt cart path that winds past the swimming pool, an old tennis court, and a parking lot to reach a chain-link fence through which, off in the distance, they can glimpse the loaf-shaped mound known as the Observatory. Several years ago the financially strapped Ohio Historical Society, which owns the Earthworks, extended the club’s lease until 2078. If the World Heritage site nomination goes through, tourism would undoubtedly jump. That would certainly put more pressure on the club and historical society. One frequently suggested scenario is for the federal government to buy out the club and turn the Newark Earthworks into a national park. Some people simply refuse to be intimidated by men wearing spiky(尖的)shoes and pastel(淡色的)shirts. Cherokee elder Barbara Crandell has climbed the Observatory to pray for more than two decades—but not once, the octogenarian is proud to point out, when the golf course has dictated. She goes when her heart calls. A few years ago, after Crandell , with the aid of a cane, made her way to the top, club officials showed up and asked her to leave. When she refused, she was arrested and later convicted of trespassing. Friends raised money and paid off her $883 fine and court costs in Sacagawea dollar coins.

6． According to the first paragraph, the Newark Earthworks are______.

A．the product of some giant celestial spirit who went crazy with an Etch A Sketch

B．a series of huge geometric mounds that the Hopewell people created two millennia ago

C．the Octagon and a perfect 20-acre circle which it is connected to

D．the structure that is precisely aligned with the 18. 6-year lunar cycle’s northernmost moonrise

正确答案：B

解析：细节题。由第一段提到的，两千多年前建造的俄亥俄州南部纽瓦克的土木工程是由一系列巨大的几何形土堤构成，其中最著名的是八角广场和它所连接的一个圆圈，每当月亮完成一次18．6年的月运周期时，这个地面建筑便正对准它的最地端，可见[B]是符合题意的。 知识模块：阅读

7． The author’s view about the golf club is that it______.

A．makes contributions to prevent the place from being plowed under

B．should be blamed because the non-members are kept out of the Earthworks C．should allow the non-members to see the place during the golf season

D．should be bought out by the federal government and turned into a national park

正确答案：A 解析：推理题。文中第二段作者认为，虽然在高尔夫季节非会员不允许入内，但我们也不能盲目谴责他们，毕竟被广泛承认的是他们使用这个地方以来，一直

在维护它而使这个古迹免遭犁埋，所以[A]是符合作者观点的。 知识模块：阅读

8． According to Paragraph 3, the following claims are correct EXCEPT that______.

A．most visitors can see only a tiny part of the Octagon B．the loaf-shaped mound is far from the chain-link fence

C．it would put more pressure on the club if the nomination goes through D．the only way to protect the place is that the government buys out the club

正确答案：D

解析：细节题。文章第三段提到这是One frequently suggested scenario“一个被频繁建议的方案”，而不是the only way“唯一的方法”，所以[D]不符合文意，为正确答案。[A]”大部分游客只能看见八角广场的一小部分”与本段第一句意思是相同的，故排除；[B]考查对第二句的理解，“off in the distance”是“在远处”的意思，所以[B]”条状土堤离那个铁丝网围栏很远”也是符合文意的，排除；第三段倒数第三句和倒数第二句说“如果提名通过的话，旅游业毫无疑问会增长，那一定会给俱乐部和历史协会带来更多压力”，所以[C]是符合文意的，也排除。 知识模块：阅读

9． Why was the octogenarian Barbara Crandell arrested?

A．Because she refused to be intimidated by men wearing spiky shoes and pastel shirts.

B．Because she has climbed the Observatory to pray for more than two decades. C．Because she refused to leave the top of the Observatory when the club officials showed up.

D．Because she made her way to the top and stayed there for a long time, unwilling to leave.

正确答案：C

解析：细节题。本题考查对文章最后一段老人被捕这一事实原因的理解。根据最后一段的内容可知，当俱乐部官员出现时，她拒绝离开天文台顶是老太太被捕的直接原因，所以[C]为正确答案。 知识模块：阅读

10． It can be inferred from the passage that______.

A．the Octagon is four times bigger than Roman Colosseums B．the Earthworks have got the nomination for the UNESCO World Heritage List C．the club, instead of the Ohio Historical Society, owns the Earthworks several years ago

D．people who want more access to the Earthworks are always intimidated by the club officials

正确答案：B

解析：推理题。本题是针对全文各处不同信息点的推断。第二段开头提到“Earthworks已被列入联合国教科文组织世界文化遗产和自然奇迹名录考虑范

围中”，即已获得提名，在等待确认中，故[B]“Earthworks已获得联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录的提名”符合文意，为正确答案。第一段第三句说“八角广场占地面积足有四个罗马斗兽场那么大”，而不是比它大四倍，所以[A]不符合文意，排除；根据第三段第三句“几年前由于拥有这个土木工程的俄亥俄州历史协会资金短缺，将这个俱乐部的租期延长到了2078年”可知，[C]不对，也排除；[D]与文章最后一段第一句“一些人拒绝被那些穿着尖头鞋和浅色T恤的人所威胁”意思不符，故也排除。 知识模块：阅读

Artists over the centuries have chosen all sorts of seemingly unusual things with which to create their art, from ground-up roots, soils and foods to blood and even urine, as Andy Warhol so infamously proved. For Matthew Lew, the chosen medium is wine. And his reason for taking the unexpected step is identical to that given by many when asked why they love drinking wine: its terroir. Terroir is the French word for soil, but it means so much more than that. Terroir is a uniqueness rooted in a sense of a place. That’s important to Lew, who began a few years ago to use wines made around the world to link his work with specific geographical areas. “ It gives a different essence to the piece, “ the Chicago artist explained. A just completed painting, a Tuscan landscape, used two Italian wines, a 2005 Fresco-baldi Nipozzano Chianti Riserva, and a sparkling non-vintage Canella Prosecco di Conegli-ano. His works are colorful, contemporary, expressive and often bold. Themes range from Buddhas and cityscapes to elegant abstracts. Usually, he’ll mix in a client’s favorite wine to give a commissioned piece a special significance. Lew is usually more interested in where the wine comes from than how it tastes. That explains the bottle of brownish Cana Wedding Wine, with a label that boasts it’s “a souvenir from the Holy Land, “ in his art supply cabinet. He also collects waters from around the world, many of them gifts from friends, to use in his paintings. Lew paints a lot with Rioja, Spanish red, because he lived for three years in Basque country before moving to Chicago five years ago. The artist really doesn’t use the wine “raw”. Instead, he mixes the wine into acrylic paints. Stirring in wine results in a richer effect and a watercolor-like texture, he said. “ White wines tend to be a bit more subdued, and I use more paint with them to get a richer tone, “ Lew said. “What is great, too, is mixing in a bubbly, like a rose. It gives the paint a really great texture and has a pink tone that stands out better than the white wine. The wine adds an element of unpredictability too. He’s not always sure what the final color will be. “You never really know what’s going to happen, “ he said. “Usually it will not let you down. The wine Lew paints with is not necessarily the wine he drinks. He likes pinot grigio in the glass, especially Santa Margherita from Italy, but chardonnay on the tip of his paint brush. “Chardonnay has a yellowish tone to it which brings out more of a golden color, while pinot grigio is lighter, I would use it if I wanted something light and creamy, “ he said. Lew likes wine, but he’d rather enjoy a vodka and soda. There were only two wine bottles on hand during a recent visit, both Californian, a 1999 merlot from Stag’s Leap Wine Cellars and a shiraz from Barefoot Cellars. Ultimately, he said, there’s no wine too uncool to paint with.

11． Which of the following is INCORRECT about the wines Lew uses? A．The wines he uses will often satisfy his customers’ demand. B．Without wines, his painting may be duller than present. C．The uncertainty of wine added will ruin his paintings. D．The wine he drinks may not be used to paint.

正确答案：C

解析：细节题。虽然第六段开头提出酒的添加具有不确定性，而鲁本人对此也持认可态度，但是本段最后一句点明酒的添加通常不会让人失望，所以是不可能毁坏整幅油画的，故[C]为答案。第三段末句谈到鲁通常会添加顾客最喜欢的酒品，可以看出鲁使用的酒通常都会满足顾客的需求，所以排除[A]；第五段第三句说加人酒会使油画带有水彩的特性而且色调变得更加丰富，后文也举例进行了论证，所以[B]说法正确，排除；第七段首句点明鲁画画所用的酒并不必要是他所喝的酒，也排除[D]。 知识模块：阅读

12． If Lew wants to paint a sunset, he should use______. A．white wine B．bubbly C．chardonnay D．pinot grigio

正确答案：C

解析：推理题。本文主要讲酒的添加对油画带来的改善，其中色彩的丰富是重要的一方面。第五段后半部分谈到white wine比较柔和，可以使色调丰富，而香槟酒可以带来粉红的效果；第七段最后一句中说Chardonnay可以带来金黄色，而pinot grigio可以用来描绘一些浅色和乳白色的东西，所以Chardonnay被用来画日落是最合适的，故[C]正确。 知识模块：阅读

13． It can be inferred from the passage that Lew drinks ______least frequently recently.

A．pinot grigio B．chardonnay C．merlot D．vodka

正确答案：B

解析：推理题。第八段首句提到与wine相比，鲁宁愿喝vodka和soda，说明[D]应该是喝得最多的酒；后文又接着提到，在最近的访问中，鲁手头有的两瓶酒分别为merlot和shiraz，可以推断最近[C]也是喝得较多的；由第七段中的pinot grigio in the glass与chardonnay on the tip of his brush可以看出，平时pinot grigio多被用来饮用，而chardonnay多被用来作画，所以[B]为正确答案。 知识模块：阅读

14． According to Lew’s opinion about wine, which of the following is CORRECT?

A．Every kind of wine can be used for painting. B．Flavor of a wine plays the most important role. C．White wine can be used alone for painting. D．Pinot grigio is more enjoyable than Coca Cola.

正确答案：A

解析：细节题。最后一段Lew提到there’s no wine too uncool to paint with，意为“每一种酒都很酷，都可以用来作画”，所以[A]正确。第四段第一句谈到关于酒的产地和味道，鲁对前者更感兴趣，说明酒的味道并非是最重要的，故[B]错误；第五段首句提出鲁不用“未加工的酒”，而是将其与颜料混合，白葡萄酒也包括其中，可知[C]与之不符；第八段首句谈到，鲁喜欢酒，但是他却宁愿饮用伏特加和汽水，并且从第七段中可以得出，Pinot grigio是他喜欢的葡萄酒之一，而Coca Cola则为最知名的汽水，所以[D]与文意相悖。 知识模块：阅读

15． How does the author feel about Lew’s painting method? A．Vague. B．Critical. C．Skeptical. D．Favourable.

正确答案：D

解析：态度题。第三段第二、三句用了四个褒义词对鲁的作品进行赞扬并阐明其题材广泛，充分说明作者的态度是支持的，所以[D]”喜欢的”正确。[A]”含糊的”、[B]”批评的”以及[C]”怀疑的”都与文意不符，可排除。 知识模块：阅读

From heat-haze and summer smog to outsize hailstones and flash floods: more topsyturvy weather is on the way, Britain’s forecasters say. Air pollution has been worsening because the current heatwave had reached potentially harmful levels yesterday in a number of locations across the country, especially in the South and East. Severe thunderstorms are likely in some places today, with torrential rain and even an outside chance of tornadoes. The weather may play havoc with the tennis at Wimbledon and the Glastonbury Festival, but the sun is likely to return tomorrow. Summer smog was a hazard in some areas for people with breathing difficulties yesterday, caused by a photochemical reaction which happens when sunlight acts on traffic fumes to produce a large amount of low-level ozone. When mixed with particulates—tiny particles of pollution from chimneys and diesel exhausts—the result is a brown haze that can cause severe problems for people with heart and lung disease. The government issued an official smog alert and Ben Bradshaw, the Environment minister, warned anyone vulnerable to take special care. “We can all help to reduce the current high levels of pollutants by avoiding unnecessary car journeys by walking, cycling and taking public transport instead. Air pollution is

something that can affect human health. During the 2003 heatwave, it was estimated, on the basis of previous work, that up to 800 premature deaths may have occurred as a result of the poor air quality. Fortunately, such episodes are becoming less frequent and severe due to large reductions in pollution from vehicles and industry following tighter regulation in the last few decades. “ The National Society for Clean Air(NSCA)added another precautionary note: in times of air pollution, go easy on the barbecue. “ We don’t want to be killjoys, “ said Tim Brown, NSCA deputy secretary. “ Barbecues are part of the fun of hot weather. But we are all responsible for pollution, and can all avoid making things worse, so, before igniting the coals, check the pollution forecast in your area. Today will be different, however. Weathermen predict thunderstorms, strong winds and a chance of tornadoes in parts of Britain. A PA Weather Centre spokesman said the storms were likely to bring lightning and hailstones up to the size of golf balls. Storms were expected to start moving into south-western and some southern parts of England and Wales last night. During today, Wales and north-west England are likely to have some prolonged outbreaks of rain, with occasional thunderstorms which may produce torrential downpours leading to local flash flooding, the spokesman said. “This is a fairly potent situation developing. Winds in the upper atmosphere will be fairly strong, and this will promote the development of some severe thunderstorms. These may bring hailstones up to the size of golf balls, wind gusts up to 65mph, extremely heavy rainfall leading to local flash flooding, and possibly isolated tornadoes. With any thunderstorm, the main threat is cloud-to-ground lightning, and the storms are likely to be very electrically active. If a storm approaches, try to get indoors quickly, and do not stand under trees.

16． The weather within 24 hours will be______. A．fine B．cloudy C．rainy

D．having thunderstorms

正确答案：D

解析：细节题。从第一段中“Severe thunderstorms are likely in some places today，with torrential rain and even an outside chance of tornadoes．”可以得出答案为[D]。[A]”晴天”、[B]”多云”和[C]”下雨”均与原文不符。 知识模块：阅读

17． What is a hazard for people with heart and lung disease according to the passage?

A．Ozone.

B．Summer smog. C．Thunderstorms. D．Tornado.

正确答案：B 解析：细节题。从文章第二段中“Summer smog was a hazard in some areas for people with breathing difficulties yesterday…”可以得出答案为[B]。 知识模块：阅读

18． Which of the following is INCORRECT according to the passage? A．The government issued an official alert on the flash floods. B．Barbecues are part of the fun of hot weather. C．If a storm approaches, do not stand under trees.

D．Air pollution is something that can affect human health.

正确答案：A

解析：细节题。文章第三段首句提到“The government issued an official smog alert…”政府正式颁布公告要求人们警惕烟雾对人类的伤害，而不是洪水。所以[A]与原文不符，故为答案。[B]”吃烧烤是炎热天气中的乐趣之一”可从第四段找到原话；[C]”如果暴雨来临，不要站在树下”是常识，同时也对应最后一段的最后一句；[D]”空气污染可以影响人的健康”也是常识，也可以从第三段中找到原句。 知识模块：阅读

19． What’s your impression of the weather in the coming days in Britain? A．It is chaotic. B．It is mainly fine. C．It is hard to say. D．It is unpredictable.

正确答案：A

解析：推理题。从文章中对近期英国的天气变化的描述来看，各种天气的可能性都有，所以用chaotic“混乱的”这个词形容比较恰当，故选[A]。 知识模块：阅读

20． What does the word “igniting”in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Starting an angry movement. B．Starting burning.

C．Starting a dangerous situation. D．Making sth. start burning.

正确答案：D

解析：语义题。根据语境，这个词在该句中“…before igniting the coals…．”意思是“点燃，使……燃烧”，为及物动词，所以选[D]。[A]”激起愤怒的行动”、[B]”开始燃烧”和[C]”引起危险状况”均不符合原文的意思。 知识模块：阅读