Living near the sea, we enjoy healthy air and beautiful sight.分词短语作状语 Seen from the moon, the earth looks like a blue ball. To learn English well, we must study even harder.
Hearing the good news, we couldn’t help crying. 分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与主句的主语一致。
cf. When he heard the good news, tears came to his eyes.
I am sorry to see/hear you fail in the exam. 不带to的不定式作宾补get sth to do I will have my bike repaired tomorrow. 分词作宾补 Who hadthe light burning all night long? 分词作宾补
To see is to believe. (眼见为实) 不定式作主语，表语 cf: Seeing is believing Losing the new bike made Tom very upset. 动名词作主语
Time permitting (If time permits), I will pick you up at six this evening.独立主格结构Ten people were killed in the accident, Tom included./including Tom.
One hundred scientists were praised, 20 of them women=20 of whom were women. Nothing else to do, I watchedTV all day at home.
The policeman followed the thief in, gun in hand/with a gun in his hand.. They had to wait for help all the money gone(=as all the money was gone). Everybody out(As everybody was out), I had to put a note on the door. The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. with复合结构
I really didn't know when it was that she had arrived in Kunming .强调句型 It is because he was carelessthat he failed to pass the examination. What on earth was it that he told you about in the street yesterday?
Was it in 1969 that the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon ? Was it in 1939 when World War Two broke outthat they got married?强调句型＋定语从句
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Onlywhen the bus has stopped can you get off it 倒装
Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is. Not only will I give you the book, but I also will give you some money.
Hardly/Scarcely had I gone out of the room when I heard the bell ring. No sooner…than Doctor as /though he is, he can't cure her of the disease. 倒装＋让步状从 Were I you(If I were you) ,I would go there myself. 倒装＋虚拟语气
It is necessary/strange/ important/natural/a pity that we (should) change our plan.虚拟语气 Had it not been for /But for/Without your help, our experiment wouldn’t have been so successful. If it should rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the match. If you had taken the medicine last night, you would feel better now. Given more time(=If we had been given…), we could have done better. It is about time that you went home now.
I would rather you came here tomorrow morning./I would rather you hadn’t said that yesterday You should have finished your homework yesterday.
If only I could fly like a bird./ I wish I could fly like a bird
He suggested that we should set off early It was suggested that we should set off early His suggestion was that we (should) set off early. His suggestion that we should set off early was considered..
The teacher insisted that Tom was a good student and that he should be praised. It is so difficult a maths problem that we could hardly work it out. 结果状语从句
It is so easyan exercise that all of us can do it.=It is such an easy exercise that all of us can do it.
It is so difficult a maths problem as we could hardly work out. 定语从句 It is such an easy exercise as all of us can do.
This is the very/best/last book (that) I am looking for. All that could be done has been done.
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Isthis museumthe one (that) they visited that day? Cf: Isthisthe museum (that) they visited that day?
Mrs Wang was disappointed to find the TV set she had had repaired went wrong again Is there a shop around where we can get fruit?
I like the city of Hangzhou, where stands a famous tower.
The manager will see you on Sunday, when he will be free from all those troubles. The news (that) Tom told us was true.
The news that our team had won was true. 同位语从句(that不能省略，不充当句子成份) What do you think of the suggestion that she (should) try it once more?
Their suggestion that we(should) open up another oil field here made us excited The news that we would go to Mount Tai during the summer holidays delighted us. Have you any idea how the problem would be solved ? Whatever I have will be yours sooner or later. 主语从句
It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey./It's quite clear that he will go to the doctor's tomorrow.
It is well known that the earth moves around the sun./Whether he'll go to his uncle's is still unknown.
What he has done has nothing to do with us. /What we need areexperienced doctors That you don't like him is none of my business.
Whoever told you that was lying.(=Anyone who told you that was lying.) Whether he will accept the gift doesn’t matter at all.
What the workers insisted on was that they be given more pay.主语从句+表语从句 What the old man's sons wanted to know was where the gold had been hidden. What he is worrying about is whether he can find a job soon. That is just where they are mistaken.表语从句
The reason why I don't go to France was that I got a new job. 定语从句＋表语从句
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Whether we can go camping depends on whether it will be fine tomorrow.主从+宾从 These ancient Indians used to live in what is now a part of the United States. The bike is in good order except that there's something wrong with the front wheel. When he invented the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell was still a young man.时间状从 He had just got up/ I was watching TV when someone knocked at the door.
It was 11:30 when we got home last night. cf. It was at 11:30 that I got home last nigh Each/Every(Last/Next) time he tried the experiment , he got the same result.
The minute/moment/second/instant/Immediately/Instantly I saw Tom, I recognized him.(=as soon as)
Stay where you are until I come back .地点状从Where there is a will, there is a way. Young people should go where they are most needed. 地点状从
If you work hard, you'll make much progress.条件状从=Work hard, and you’ll make much progress.并列句
The harder you work, the better progress you will make.=If you work harder, you will make better progress.
He talks about the US as if he had been there many times./ You must do as the teacher tells you to. 方式状从
This room is 4 times as large as that one.=the size of that one/ 3 times larger than that one 比较状从
However hard the job is(=No matter how hard …), we ought to try our best. 让步状从
Even if I know he won't agree, I'll still try to persuade him. Whether you like it or not, you should study hard.
While I agree that Tom is not perfect, he is still a good student.
Whatever the house costs(=No matter what …), it will be worth it. 让步状从 Whatever he says(=Anything that he says) sounds reasonable. 主语从句 I have seen him twice during the past week. 现在完成时 He hurried to the station only to find that the train had gone
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He is the only one of the students who is good at singing. 主谓一致 It is Tom and Mary that are to blame for the accident. Neither you nor I am a fool; Not you but Tom is a fool. All are here and all is going well.
No one but/except Tom and Mary knows my address
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