基础知识默写
1．upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的vt.使不安；使心烦 2．ignore vt.不理睬；忽视 ignorance n．无知；愚昧 ignorant adj.无知的；愚昧的 3．calm adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的vt.&vi.(使)平静；(使)镇定 4．concern vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到n．担心；关注；(利害)关系 concerned adj.担心的；忧虑的 concerning prep.关于
5．outdoors adv.在户外；在野外 6.power n．能力；力量；权力 powerful adj.强大的；强有力的 7．dusty adj.积满灰尘的 dust n．灰尘
8．settle vi.定居；安家；停留vt.使定居；解决；安排 settlement n．协议；解决
9．suffer vt.&vi.遭受；忍受；经历 suffering n．折磨；苦难
10．recover vt.&vi.痊愈；恢复；重新获得 recovery n．康复；痊愈；复得 11．teenager n．十几岁的青少年 12．disagree vi.不同意 disagreement n．不同意
13．dislike n．&vt.不喜欢；厌恶 14．loose adj.松的；松开的
15．series n．连续；系列 16．dusk n．黄昏；傍晚
17．entire adj.整个的；完全的；全部的 18．curtain n．窗帘；门帘；幕布 19．item n．项目；条款
20．pack vi.&vt.捆扎；包装；打行李n．小包；包裹 21．tip n．提示；技巧；尖；尖端；小费vt.倾斜；翻倒 22．exactly adv.确实如此；正是；确切地 23．grateful adj.感激的；表示谢意的 24．swap vt.交换 25．add up合计
26．calm(...)down(使)平静下来；(使)镇定下来 27．be concerned about关心；挂念 28．go through经历；经受 29．set down放下；记下；登记 30．on purpose故意 31．face to face面对面地 32．suffer from遭受；患病 33．be/get tired of对……厌烦 34．pack(sth.)up将(东西)装箱打包 35．get along with与……相处；进展 36．fall in love相爱；爱上 37．join in参加；加入
38．While walking the dog，you were careless and it got loose and wash it by a car. 遛狗时，你不小心把狗松开了，它被车撞了。
39．She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered. 她与家人躲藏了将近二十五个月之后才被发现。
40．...it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face... ……这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚……
基础知识夯实
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．I was a teenager(青少年) sitting in the hall. Before you came over，I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in.(2018·天津)
2．Hannah was very upset(不安的)．She couldn’t understand why some people had to live their
lives without shelter or enough food.(2017·北京)
3．If you like dancing outdoors(户外)，come to America.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
4．Tanis wrote this letter in order to show how grateful(感激的) she was to the center.(2016·北京) 5．He speaks in a disordered manner, which betrays his shallowness and ignorance(无知)． 6．They could see nothing through the curtain(帘) of rain.
7．He arrived at his hometown，tired and dusty(dust)，on Sunday night.
8．At the beginning of the project，Paul made it clear that he would be entirely(entire) in control. 9．What makes me concerned(concern) is my final exam which will be held in two weeks. 10．Although I worked there for over a year，I never really felt settled(settle)． 11．At last the economy is showing signs of recovery(recover)．
12．Exactly(exact) speaking，there are three measures which can be taken to settle this problem. 13．One more hour，and I’ll get all the luggage packed(pack)．
14．A powerful (power) person or organization is able to control or influence people and events. 15．They disagreed(agree) to my proposal at the beginning，but I persuaded them finally. Ⅱ.选词成篇
be tired of，face to face，go through，get along well with，be concerned about，join in
I1.am concerned about my son’s future and 2.get along well with him. The momen the 3.goes through his homework，we often discuss some questions 4.face to face. Both he and I 5.are tired of sitting all the time，so we often go outdoors and 6.join in the children’s games.
suffer from，at dusk，a series of，in order to，calm down，pack up
7．At dusk yesterday，John 8.suffered from a serious illness. Then he was sent to hospital immediately，where the doctors tried 9.a series of methods to treat him. At the same time, 10.in order to take care of him，John’s parents 11.packed up and went to the hospital. Fortunately，after the doctors’ full treatment，John was out of danger and the family 12.calmed down at last. Ⅲ.完成句子
1．You know，when making /giving/delivering a speech，I always get nervous.(省略)
(2018·张家界三模)
你知道，做演讲时，我总是很紧张。
2．They are thinking of buying the house before the prices go up.(before) 他们正在考虑趁房价未涨时把房子买下来。
3．It is the third time that I have come to the Summer Palace.(It is the＋序数词＋time that...) 这是我第三次来到颐和园。
4．Additionally，what impressed me most was the time when we were completely absorbed in preparing for the university entrance examination.(when)
此外，给我印象最深的是我们全神贯注地准备高考的那段时间。
5．Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning，and put the blame on the alarm clock.(find it＋adj.＋to do...)(2017·全国Ⅲ)
很多人发现早上起床很困难，并把责任推到闹钟上。
1．“感谢”荟萃
(1)grateful adj.感激的 (2)thankful adj.感谢的 (3)gratitude n．感激 (4)appreciate v．感激 (5)appreciation n．感激 (6)acknowledge v．致谢；感谢 2．“动词＋-ing”→名词 (1)suffer→suffering苦难 (2)build→building建筑(物) (3)cross→crossing十字路口 (4)hear→hearing听力 (5)feel→feeling感觉
3．“n.＋prep.＋n.”类短语聚焦 (1)face to face面对面 (2)shoulder to shoulder肩并肩 (3)hand in hand手拉手 (4)heart to heart心连心 (5)side by side肩并肩 4．“写下，记下”短语小结 (1)set down记下；放下 (2)write down写下；记下 (3)put down记下；放下 (4)note down记下 (5)copy down抄下 (6)take down记下；记录
5．表示“出于……”的短语汇萃 (1)out of ignorance出于无知 (2)out of pity出于同情 (3)out of curiosity出于好奇 (4)out of sympathy出于同情 (5)out of envy出于羡慕(忌妒) (6)out of respect出于尊敬
ignore vt.忽视；不理睬
(1)ignorant adj.无知的；愚昧的；无学识的 be ignorant of对……一无所知 (2)ignorance n．无知；愚昧 out of/through ignorance出于无知 (1)Sometimes ignorance(ignore) and negative outlooks on situations can create anger.(2018·北京) 有时候，无知和消极的态度会引起愤怒。
(2)Sometimes children do dangerous things out of/through ignorance. 有时孩子们出于无知而做一些危险的事。
calm adj.镇静的，沉着的；风平浪静的；无风的 v．(使)平静，(使)镇静 1keep/stay/be calm保持镇静 2calm down使平静/镇静下来 (1)This helps your body receive a signal to relax. Then you can calm yourself(you) down and get centered.(2018·广西桂林模拟)
(2)It is important to keep/stay/be calm(保持镇静) in an emergency.
(3)Taylor’s swift action helped her teammates calm down(冷静下来)．(2017·北京) [根据语境用calm，quiet，silent，still的正确形式填空]
(4)Try to keep calm and just tell me what happened. (5)He spoke no English and was completely silent during the visit. (6)Children find it difficult to sit still for very long. (7)The airlines have invested enormous sums in quieter，more efficient engines. [词义辨析] calm，quiet，silent，still
※calm平静的，沉着的，指无风浪或人的心情不激动。
※quiet宁静的，安静的，指没有声音、不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、焦虑。 ※silent寂静的，沉默的，指不说话或没有声音。 ※still静止的，不动的，指(人体等)不运动的。
concern vt.涉及；与……有关；(使)担忧 n．担心，忧虑；关心；(利害)关系 (1)show/express concern for/about对……表示关心 (2)concerned adj.担心的；感兴趣的(作前置定语)；有关的；参与的(作后置定语) as far as ...be concerned就……而言 be concerned about/for对……担心/关心 be concerned with与……有关 (3)concerning prep.关于 (1)Before long，I came to know Professor Smith，who showed concern for/about my study and work.不久，我认识了史密斯教授，他关心我的学习和工作。
(2)As far as I’m concerned，what the parents think is right，but what they do is wrong.对我来说，父母想的是正确的，但他们所做的是错误的。
(3)Concerning the toll free policy on the expressway，what concerns us most is the traffic jams while some are concerned about the safety. (concern) 关于高速公路通行费免费政策，我们最担心的是交通堵塞，而有些人担心的是安全问题。
power n.能力；力量；权力；动力 (1)come to/into power掌权；上台 in power当权 in one’s power在某人的掌控中 do everything in one’s power(＝do/try one’s best to do sth.; spare no effort to do sth.; make an effort to do sth.)尽力而为；竭尽全力 (2)powerful adj.强有力的；有影响力的；健壮的 (1)They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones，and they have a more powerful(power) effect on the feeling of a space.(2018·全国Ⅰ)
(2)Ever since the party came to/into power(上台) last year，great changes of people’s life have taken place.
(3)I will do everything in my power(尽全力) to help you. [熟词生义] 选择句子中power的汉语意思
(4)The tractor is powered by a diesel engine(柴油机)． A A．v.给(车辆或机器)提供动力 B．v.使有力量 C．v.快速行进
settle v．(使)定居；结束；解决；决定；确定；平静下来 (1)settle down安静下来；安顿下来；平静下来 settle down to开始专心做……(to是介词) settle in/into适应(新环境、新工作) settle on/upon决定……；选定…… (2)settler n．移居者；(问题等的)解决者 settlement n．定居点；解决；移民；偿清 (1)Founded in Moscow after the 1905 revolution，the company eventually settled in/into Tel Aviv in the late 1920s.(2017·全国Ⅱ)
该公司成立于1905年革命后的莫斯科，最终于20世纪20年代末期在特拉维夫安顿下来。 (2)They settled down to a serious discussion over coffee.他们喝着咖啡，开始认真讨论一个重要的问题。 [句式升级]
(3)The problem was settled and they were happy and relaxed.
①With the problem settled，they were happy and relaxed.(用with复合结构改写)
②Because/As the problem was settled，they were happy and relaxed.(改为含有状语从句的复合
句)
suffervt.& vi.受苦；遭受；经历 (1)suffer from遭受……折磨；患……病 (2)suffering n．受苦，遭难；苦楚，苦难 sufferer n．受害者；患者 (1)I have not understood enough of your difficulties and suffering (suffer)． [用suffer，suffer from填空]
(2)It is likely that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking. (3)Drought continues to annoy many parts of China，with tens of thousands suffering water shortages and millions of others affected. [句式升级]
(4)After they had suffered such a heavy loss in the earthquake，they got help from all over the world.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
Having suffered such a heavy loss in the earthquake，they got help from all over the world. 易错点拨 (1)suffer和suffer from一般不用于被动语态。
(2)suffer作及物动词，意思同experience(体验；经历)，其后可跟pain，defeat，hardship等词作宾语；suffer from中from表示原因，意为“因……而受苦”。 add up合计；加起来；合情理；说得通 add up to总计为；合计达 add to增加；增添 add...to...把……加到……
(1)If you add up those four figures，it adds up to over $500. 这四个数额加起来总额超过500美元。
(2)Perhaps you think you could easily add to your happiness with more money. 也许你认为有了更多的钱你就能轻松地提升你的幸福感。 (3)[一句多译] 三加四等于七。
①Three added to four makes/equals seven.(add to) ②Three and four add(s) up to seven.(add up to)
③If you add three to four，you will get seven.(add...to...) [熟词生义] 选择句子中add/add up to的汉语意思
(4)He added that the theater’s location(位置) was also a reason.(2017·全国Ⅲ) A A．补充说 B．增加 C．累积
(5)These clues don’t really add up to very much. B A．增加 B.表示，意味着 C.添加到
go through经历；经受；完成；通过；检查；用完 go over复习 go out出去；熄灭 go against违背；违反 go up上涨；上升 go ahead前进；干吧；说吧 go without没有……也可应付；将就 [写出下列句子中go through的汉语意思]
(1)I myself went through this searching process and found something that has changed my experience at college for the better.(2017·全国Ⅰ) 经历 (2)Cars are not allowed to go through the city centre. 通过，穿过 (3)It didn’t take Albert very long to go through his money. 用完
(4)She went through the company’s accounts，looking for evidence of fraud(欺诈)．
检查；审核
set down放下；记下；让……下车；登记 set about doing开始；着手 set aside留出；把……放置一旁；不理会；取消 set out出发for；着手to do；安排 set off出发for；引起；点燃 set up建立；准备；安排 be set in以……为背景
[根据语境用set短语的正确形式填空]
(1)The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theater is preparing to close down. (2017·全国Ⅲ)
(2)Moreover，with the stadium set up，a wide range of sports events are able to be held.
(2018·全国Ⅲ)
(3)Why don’t you set your ideas down on paper? (4)The new government must set about finding solutions to the country’s economic problems. (5)I try to set aside a few minutes each day to take exercise. getalong/onwith和……相处；进展 get across讲清楚；使被领会to sb. get over克服 get down to doingsth.开始做某事 get through 电话接通；用完；通过；度过 [根据语境用get短语的正确形式填空]
(1)How are you getting along/on with your French? (2)It’s time that I got/should get down to thinking about my future. (3)I think the problem can be got over without too much difficulty. (4)He’s not very good at getting his ideas across. While walking the dog，you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.遛狗时，你不小心把狗松开了，它被车撞了。 句型：状语从句的省略
(1)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。 (2)当从句中含有“it＋be动词”时，可将it和be动词省略。 (1)If admitted(admit)，I will do all I can to do the work well.
(2)Not only will I keep from littering and spitting anywhere，I’ll also help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible(任何可能的时候)．
(3)The director was fully convinced that this moving story，if adapted for television，would be a hit.(补全句中的省略成分)
→The director was fully convinced that this moving story，if it was adapted for television，would be a hit.
She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered.她与家人躲藏了二十五个月后才被发现。 句型：before引导时间状语从句
(1)before引导时间状语从句时，翻译比较灵活，可译为“在……之前；……之后才……；(不久)就……；还没来得及就……”等意义。 (2)含before的常用句式： before sb.knew it不知不觉就…… It won’t be long before...不久就……(before从句用一般现在时) It will be＋一段时间＋before...过若干时间才……(before从句用一般现在时) It wasn’t...before...没过多长时间就……(before从句用一般过去时) It was...before...过了多长时间才……(before从句用一般过去时) [写出下列句子中before的汉语意义]
(1)My room is a mess，but I needn’t clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.
(2017·天津)在……之前 (2)It will be five years before we meet again.……之后才……
(3)It will not be long before the despot(暴君) comes to his end.(不久)就…… (4)He took the bad news out of his mouth before I could stop him.还没来得及就…… (5)Before I knew it an hour had passed and it was time to move onto lunch.(2018·全国Ⅲ) 不知不觉一个小时就过去了，到了吃午饭的时间。
[名师指津] before，after若后接句子，则它们是连词；若后不接句子，则是介词，此时如果它们后接动词，则要用动名词形式。
At the age of 21 Prof Hawking was given only a few years to live after being diagnosed with a rare form of motor neurone disease(运动神经元病)．
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