一、动词被动语态
1.— I wonder if we ________ four days off by the end of this month. — I hope so. But if our task ________ finished, we'll have to work overtime.
A. will have;won't B. have;won't C. will have;isn't D. have;doesn't 【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:—我想知道我们在这个月底是否将会有四天的假期。—我希望如此,但是如果我们的任务没有完成,我们就将会加班。will have将会有;have有,一般现在时;won't是will not的缩写形式,表示将来;isn't是is not的缩写,是一般现在时;doesn't是does not的缩写,是一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。第一个空前if的意思是是否,引导宾语从句,从句中表示将来的事情,故用一般将来时态;第二个空前的if是如果,引导条件状语从句,从句中用一般现在时态代替一般将来时态,主句用一般将来时态,从句中的主语our task和动词finish构成被动语态,故应用be+过去分词形式,选C。 【点评】本题是对时态,语态的综合考查。难点在于两个if ,第一个是引导宾语从句,表示将来的动作用将来时态。但第二个是引导状语从句,用一般现在代替一般将来。注意对这些知识点的熟练掌握。
2.Last year, five Chinese teachers to a school in the UK to teach the British students in Chinese style for four weeks.
A. was sent B. were sent C. have sent D. sent 【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:去年,五名语文老师被派往英国的一所学校达四周的时间用中国式的方法教英国的学生。根据主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系,所以用被动语态be done,故排除CD。根据主语是复数,所以系动词用were, 故选B。 【点评】考查被动语态,be动词的辨析复数主语用were。
3.Chengdu is a greener city now because more and more trees every spring.
A. were planted B. are planted C. will be planted. 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:成都现在是一个绿色城市,因为每年春天越来越多的树木被种植。根据时间状语every spring可知此处用一般现在时,结合句意,主语trees与谓语动词plant之间是被动关系,故此处用现在被动形式。故选B。
4.This book ________________ by children.
A. loves B. loved C. is loved 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:这本书深受孩子们的喜爱。主语this book和动词love是被动关系,可知此句是一般现在时的被动语态,其构成为am/ is/ are done,主语是the book,用is,故选C。
【点评】此题考查一般现在时的被动语态。注意一般现在时被动语态的结构。
5. —Why are you leaving your job?
—I can't stand it any longer. I always ____ to work overtime.
A. am; asking B. am; asked C. was; asking D. was; asked 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:——你为什么要离职?——我再也受不了了,我总是被要求加班。根据句意可知用被动语态,可排除AC;根据上一句are leaving是现在进行时表示将来,所以此处是一般现在时,故选B。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。
6.——During the APEC summit(峰会),Beijing's sky was so blue and clear.——It APEC blue.But too bad it no longer stays that way.
A. is called
B. are called
C. called
D. calls
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:——在 APEC峰会期间,北京的天空是那么的蓝。一一它叫做 APEC蓝,但是太遭糕,再没有那样的蓝了。主语是谓语动词的执行者,用主动语态,主语是谓语动词的承受者,用被动语态。本句主语it是谓语call的承受者,用被动语态,故选A。
7.—Do you know the famous artist in red? —Sure. He to the art festival in our city every year.
A. invites B. invited C. is invited D. was invited 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:——你认识那个穿红色衣服的著名艺术家吗?——当然,他每年都被邀请参加我市的艺术节。根据every year,每年,可知句子时态是一般现在时。主语和
谓语之间是被动关系,可知,要用一般现在时的被动语态,其构成为am/ is/ are +done,主语是三单,用is,故选C。
【点评】此题考查一般现在时的被动语态。注意一般现在时被动语态的结构。
8.— Mom, where is my model plane?
— Oh, it ______ to Jenny yesterday.
A. is lent B. lends C. was lent D. lent 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】考查被动语态的用法。句意:-妈妈,我的飞机模型在哪里?-哦, 昨天借给了詹妮。因为句子的主语是it,代指的是my model plane,my model plane与lend之间是被动关系。句子的时间状语是yesterday,所以应该用一般过去时的被动语态,故选C。
9. The 31st Olympic Games _______ in Rio de Janeiro of Brazil in 2016. A. is held B. will hold
C. will be held
D. is going to hold
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:第31届奥运会将于2016年在巴西里约热内卢举行。举办奥运会,The 31st Olympic Games在句中作主语,用被动语态。2016年将要发生的动作,用一般将来时态。故选C。
10.The telephone ________ in 1876.
A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:电话是在1876年被发明的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。一般过去式的被动语态构成was/were done该句的主语和谓语之间是动宾关系,动作发生在过去,所以用被动语态的一般过去时态,故选D。
11.I will go out to play with you as soon as my homework .
A. finishes B. is finished C. will be finished D. was finished 【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:我的作业一做完我就出去和你玩。时间状语从句中,若主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时;本题中从句的主语是my homework,是动作的承受者,故用被动语态。故选B。
【点评】考查动词的时态和语态,本题涉及时间状语从句中,若主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
12.— When ______ the 24th Winter Olympic Games ______ in Beijing? — In 2022.
A. is, held B. will, hold C. do, hold D. will, be held 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:第二十四届冬季奥运会什么时候在北京举行?—2022。根据时间状语判断,时态为一般将来时态,主语the 24th Winter Olympic Games与动词hold之间是被动的关系,因此整个句子是一般将来时态的被动语态,答案为D。 【点评】考查将来时态中的被动结构:will be done。
13.The weatherman says a rain shower ______ this afternoon in the south. A. expects B. expected C. is expected D. was expected 【答案】C
【解析】【分析】气象员说今天下午预计南方将出现阵雨。本题考查动词的语态和时态。从句中因为\"a rain shower\"做主语,可知应用被动语态,又因为\"阵雨被预料”这件事发生在现在,所以用一般现在时。故答案为C。
【点评】此题考查一般现在时的被动语态。要熟记各个时态被动语态的构成。
14.—Quite a few new laws and rules on food safety ______ into use last month. —Can you tell me what they are?
A. were putting B. have been put C. were put D. put 【答案】C
【解析】【分析】题意:——上个月,相当多的关于食品安全的新法律和制度投入了使用。——你能告诉我他们有哪些吗?根据时间状语last month可知时态为一般过去式,主语为“new laws and rules ”,被投入使用,使用被动语态were+过去分词。故选C。 【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态,注意结构为:was/were+过去分词。
15.Hangzhou ________ as the City of Silk. Tourists like shopping for silk there.
A. knows B. is known C. was known D. will be known
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:杭州作为丝绸之都被被人们所熟知,人们喜欢在那里购买丝绸。
根据主语及动词之间的关系可知本句是被动语态,故排除选项A;本句叙述的是大众日常的行为,应选择一般现在时态,故选B。
【点评】动词的语态主要通过主语及谓语动词之间的关系表示出来,英语中语态又存在不同石台上的辨析,可根据语言环境进行选择。
16.These cakes_________ with chocolate. Have one, please.
A. fill B. filled C. are filled D. were filled 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:这些蛋糕里装满了巧克力。请吃一个。根据cakes与fill之间是被动关系,要有被动语态;由下句 Have one, please.可知上句要用一般现在时,要用一般现在时的被动语态,am/is/are+过去分词。主语cakes,复数,要用are,fill的过去分词filled,故选C。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据主语与谓语动词之间的关系确定语态,同时根据语境确定时态。
17.You another day to make your own decision.
A. gave
B. are giving
C. will be given
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:再给你一天作自己的决定。再给你一天,还没有给,表将来,用一般将来时态;主语you是谓语动词give的承受者,用被动语态。故选C。
18.If you ask me, I would say that I won't mind abroad to enrich my knowledge. A. taking B. to take C. to be taken D. being taken 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:如果你问我,我会说我不介意被带出国去丰富我的知识。我和去国外之间是被动关系,这里用被动语态be done,mind doing sth. 固定用法,介意做某事,因此be用being,故选D。
【点评】此题考查固定短语。注意mind doing sth.是固定短语。注意分词和逻辑注意之间的主动和被动关系。
19.These rules are made the disabled.
A. protect B. protected C. to protect D. protecting 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:这些规则的制定为了保护残疾人。be made to do sth,被用来做某事,故选C。
【点评】本题考查被动语态。
20.A: The school has a long history.
B: Yes, it more than l00 years ago.
A. built B. is built C. was built 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:一这所学校历史悠久。一是的,它是一百多年前建的。表示一百多前年发生的过去动作,用一般过去时态,B错;主语it(指the school)是谓语动词build的承受者,用被动语态。A错。故选C。
21.—Tom, do you know ________? —In Beijing.
A. where will the 24th Winter Olympics be held B. where the 24th Winter Olympics will hold C. where the 24th Winter Olympics will be held D. where will the 24th Winter Olympics hold 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:——汤姆,你知道第24届冬季奥运会将在哪里举行吗?——在北京。宾语从句的语序是特殊疑问词+陈述句的语序, the 24th Winter Olympics还没发生,故是一般将来时,与hole举办是被动关系,故是被动语态 , 故选C。
【点评】 考查宾语从句,注意宾语从句的语序是特殊疑问词+陈述句的语序。
22.— Waiter! I'd like some beef and a vegetable salad.
—Sorry, madam. They ___only for lunch. Why not consider _________something else? A. served; to order B. served; ordering C. are served; ordering D. are served; to order 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:——服务员!我想要一些牛肉和一份蔬菜沙拉。——对不起,女士,他们只在午饭提供。为什么不考虑点别的东西?根据they和serve的关系是被动的,被提供,可知填入are served,结合短语consider doing sth,考虑做某事,可知第二个空填入ordering,故选C。
【点评】考查被动语态和短语consider doing sth,注意语态和短语的用法。
23. many times, he finally understood it.
A. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been told 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:在告诉他多次之后,最后他终于明白了。understood,明白。过去式,告诉是在他明白之前,因此用过去完成时,他和告诉之间是被动关系,因此用过去完成时的被动语态,having been done,故选D。 【点评】考查分词及完成时的被动语态。
24.—You haven't heard from Claire for a long time? —No, since he abroad.
A. sent B. has sent C. was sent D. has been sent 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:——你很久没有Claire的消息了吗?——是的,自从她被送出国之后。根据连词since可知,本句时态为现在完成时;再根据主语he和动词send的动宾关系,可知应用现在完成时的被动语态has/have been+过去分词。故选D。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。注意掌握现在完成时的被动语态结构:has/have been+过去分词。
25.Everybody _________ deeply after they heard the story.
A. moves
B. moved
C. is moved
D. was moved
【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意:每个人在听了这个故事之后,都被深深地感动了。根据after they heard the story可知,这里用的是一般过去时,所以主句的时态也用一般过去时,故排除A和C;everyone与move之间是被动关系,故选D。
26.Computers_______ many things and we_______ these modern machines. A. are used to doing; are used to use B. are used to do; are used to using C. used to do; are used to using D. are used to do; used to use 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:电脑用来做许多的事情,我们习惯于使用这些现代的机器。be used to do sth,被用来做……,be used to doing sth 习惯于做……,used to do sth,过去常常做某事。根据句意,故选B。
【点评】 考查被动语态的用法。
27.You throw it away. It can .
A. needn't; recycle B. needn't; be recycled C. don't need; be recycled 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:你没有必要把它扔掉。它可以被回收利用。need的否定形式是needn't,不必,后跟动词原形;recycle,回收利用,和主语it之间是被动关系,因此用被动语态,can 是情态动词,含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+done,故选B。 【点评】此题考查情态动词need和含有情态动词的被动结构。
28.Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic _________each year, of which about 10 percent ends up in the sea.
A. is created B. was created C. creates 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:在全世界,每年30亿吨的塑料被创造,其中大约10%在大海里告终。each year和一般现在时连用,因此排除B;plastic和create之间是被动关系,be done,主语是 300 million tons of plastic,谓语动词要用单数,因此是is created,故选A。 【点评】考查动词的时态和语态,注意在语境中熟练运用动词的时态和语态。
29.The 2022 Winter Olympic Games in China. I'm sure it will be a great success. A. hold B. will hold C. were held D. will be held 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:2022年冬奥会将会在北京举行。我确信会取得巨大的成功。根据2022,可知使用将来时,will do,冬奥会和举办之间是被动关系,应使用一般将来时的被动语态,will be done,故答案是D。
【点评】考查一般将来时的被动语态,注意一般将来时被动语态的结构。
30.To make our city more beautiful, rubbish _________ into the river.
A. needn't be thrown B. can't thrown C. mustn't be thrown D. may not thrown 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】为了使我们的城市更美丽,禁止往河里扔垃圾。根据语境,本句的主语是动作的承受者,应用被动语态。另外,表示禁止、不允许应用mustn’t。故选C。
31.This pair of chopsticks ________ of bamboo.
A. is made B. are made C. made 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:这双筷子是有竹子制成的。描述客观事实用一般现在时,make与主语是被动关系,故用被动语态,be done,主语是pair,第三人称单数,故be动词用is,故选A。
【点评】考查被动语态,注意主谓一致的用法。
32.Jack told the librarian that the book _______as soon as he finished reading it. A. was returned B. would be returned C. has been returned D. will be returned 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:Jack告诉图书管理员这本书他一读完就会归还。was returned是一般过去时态的被动语态;would be returned是过去将来时的被动语态;has been returned是现在完成时的被动语态;will be returned是一般将来时态的被动语态。很明显that引导的宾语从句中的主语the book和所填的动词构成被动关系;主句的时态是told一般过去时态,宾语从句中必须使用过去时态,而且宾语从句表示的是将来的时间,故应使用过去将来时态的被动语态,选B。
【点评】考查动词的时态和语态,本题涉及过去将来时的被动语态的应用,其结构:would be done。
33.—Is everything ____ we need to do ____? —Yes. You needn't worry about it.
A. which; has done B. which; doing C. that; has done D. that; done 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:—我们所需要做的一切都做了吗?—是的,你们不必担心。本题考查定语从句和被动语态。在定语从句中,当先行词是everything时,关系代词用that。第二个空用done,和Is构成被动结构,故答案为D. 【点评】此题考查定语从句和被动语态。
34.He ordered a watch online for his mother and it ________ to her last Sunday. A. give B. gave C. was given D. will be given 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:他在网上为他母亲订购了一块手表,上个星期天就送给了她。give和主语it 直接是被动关系,last Sunday 是一般过去时的标志,故用一般过去时的被动语态,was given,故选C。
【点评】考查时态和语态,注意一般过去时的被动语态的用法。
35.The Hong Kong—Zhuhai—Macao Bridge in 2018. We are proud of it. A. is completed B. is completing C. was completed D. completes 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:港珠澳大桥竣工于2018年。我们为此感到骄傲。complete,完成,竣工;动词;与the Hong Kong—Zhuhai—Macao Bridge 有动宾关系,且后者作主语,
谓语动词要用被动语态be+动词的过去分词;由2018提示可知要用一般过去时,故选C。 【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。
36.Moon cakes for free to those old people this coming Moon Festival. A. were offered B. will offer C. have offered D. will be offered 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:在这个即将到来的中秋节月饼将免费送给那些老人。主语与动词之间是被动的关系,his coming Moon Festival.即将到来的中秋节,可知时态为一般将来时态,因此句子选用一般将来时态的被动语态。故答案为D。
【点评】此题考查一般将来时态的被动语态,构成为will be+过去分词。
37.A new school _________ last year in my hometown.
A. set up B. sets up C. is set up D. was set up 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:去年在我的家乡建了一所新学校 。set up创 建,建立,安排,组建。School是set up这一动作的承受者,所以该用被动语态。根据last year可知该用一般过去时。set是一个不规则动词,其过去式和过去分词都跟原形一样。因此选D。
38.Children should to be honest from a young age.
A. educate B. be educated C. punish D. be punished 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】考查被动语态。句意:应该从小教育孩子们做老实人。Children是educate的承受者,该用被动语态。所以选B。
39.—An AI robot _____in our school dining hall next term. —I'm looking forward to it.
A. will use B. will be used C. is used D. was used 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:——下学期,一个智能机器人将会被用在学校餐厅。——我很期待。根据时间状语 next term,下学期,可知本句为一般将来时;再根据主语 An AI robot 一个智能机器人和动词use之间的动宾关系,可知本句应用一般将来时的被动语态will be+过去分词,use的过去分词为used。故选B。
【点评】考查一般将来时的被动语态,注意掌握结构will be+过去分词。
40.He was _______ in the traffic accident.
A. injure B. injuring C. injured D. injurns 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:他在交通事故中受伤。动词,injure,伤害,与主语he 是被动关系,需要使用被动语态be done,根据助动词was,故此处是过去分词,故选C。 【点评】考查被动语态,注意injure和主语是被动关系的用法。
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