翻译
Intelligent lighting control system
Abstract: Intelligent lighting control system the main aim is to save energy, smart lighting control system with a variety of “pre-set” control mode and control components, at different times on different degrees of illumination for accurate set-up and rational management of energy-saving. This automatic adjustment of the illumination means, take full advantage of the natural outdoor light, only when necessary when the lamp or light to the required brightness, use the least energy to ensure that the required illumination level, energy-saving effect is very clear, usually ranging from more than 30%.
Keywords: Intelligent lighting control system, bus-type, star-shaped structure
1 The use of intelligent lighting control system for the superiority of
1.1 Good energy saving effect
Intelligent lighting control system using the main purpose is to save energy, smart lighting control system with a variety of “pre-set” control mode and control components, at different times on different degrees of illumination for accurate set-up rational management of energy-saving. This automatic adjustment of the illumination means, take full advantage of the natural outdoor light, only when necessary when the lamp or light to the required brightness, use the least energy to ensure that the required illumination level, energy-saving effect is very clear, usually ranging from more than 30%. In addition, the intelligent lighting control system for fluorescent lamp dimming control, etc, due to the use of a fluorescent active tunable filter electronic ballast technology and reduce the harmonic content, to improve the power factor and reduce the low-voltage reactive power loss. 1.2 To extend the life span of light source
Light source can not only extend the life savings, but also significantly reduce the workload of lamp replacement, reducing the operating costs of lighting systems, management and maintenance becomes simple.
Both the thermal radiation source, or gas discharge light source, voltage fluctuations are a major cause of light damage. Therefore, the effective suppression of the fluctuations in voltage can extend the life of light sources.
Intelligent lighting control system can successfully the surge voltage power grid,
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but also have a voltage limit and the conjugate stream function of filtering, to avoid over-voltage and under-voltage damage to the light. The use of soft-start and soft turn-off technology, to avoid the impact of current damage to the light. Through this method, the light source to extend the light span of usually 2 to 4 times. 1.3 To improve the working environment, improve efficiency
Good working environment is to improve the efficiency of a necessary condition. Good design and reasonable choice of light source, lamps and lighting quality control systems, can improve the quality of lighting.
Intelligent lighting control system dimming control panel module to replace the traditional lighting of the level switch control is an effective way to control the overall room illumination value, thereby enhancing the uniformity of illumination. At the same time, this control method used in electrical components have also solved the stroboscopic effect, will not create uncomfortable, confused, feeling eyestrain. 1.4 To achieve a variety of lighting effects
A wide range of lighting control, the same building can have a variety of artistic effect, for a lot of construction hyper chromic. Modern buildings, lighting is not simply to meet people on the visual effect of light and shade, they should have control of a variety of programs to make buildings more vivid, more artistic, giving a wealth of visual effects and aesthetics. As an example of a project, building the exhibition hall, lecture hall, lobby, atrium, etc, if with intelligent lighting control system, according to different times, different uses, different effects, using the corresponding pre-set scene control, can achieve the wealth of artistic effect. 1.5 Facilitate the management of maintenance
Intelligent lighting control system for the control of lighting based on the automatic control of modular-based, supplemented by manual control, preset lighting scenes to the parameters stored in the EPROM Digital, these information is very convenient to set up and replaced, so that building lighting management and maintenance easier.
1.6 Have a high economic rate of return
Our reference point for the Shanghai region, from energy-saving lights and provincial estimates of the two made a come to this conclusion: with three to five
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years, the owner can recover the basic intelligent lighting control system to increase the total costs. Intelligent lighting control system can improve the environment and improve employee productivity and reduce maintenance and management costs, but also for the owner to save a substantial amount of costs.
2 Intelligent lighting control system components
We know that the intelligent lighting control system of building control system is only one part of the. If you want to focus on the various control systems to the control center to control, then the control system must have the standard communication interface and protocol version. Although such a system integration is feasible in theory, but it is very difficult to put into practice. Thus, in engineering, intelligent management of our building a distributed system, distributed, that is relatively independent of each control subsystem, self-contained, the implementation of specific control, intelligent building management system control subsystem of the relative independence, self-contained, the implementation of specific control, intelligent building management system from the control subsystem is a signal collection and monitoring role.
At present, the intelligent lighting control system in accordance with sub-network topology, the following two forms, namely, bus and star-shaped structure-based hybrid. Both forms have the characteristics of a number of a number of bus more flexibility, easy expansion, control of relative independence, lower costs; mixed some high reliability, fault diagnosis and rule out the simple, easy access to the agreement, transfer higher.
Engineering design, we consider the building of intelligent lighting control system as an independent subsystem, use of international standards and agreements of the communication interface text, into the intelligent building management systems. Intelligent lighting control system uses a distributed, distribution-based approach, that is, the dimming control unit is relatively independent, self-contained, non-interfering, through centralized management and information interfaces, and intelligent building management system linked to the building control center subsystem of the collection and monitoring of the signal. In short, the intelligent lighting control should be the main system is a centralized management, and the main trunk and information interface components consisting of the regional implementation of the same sample of control and signal networks; its subsystems should be a dimmer by the various types of modules, control panels, illumination detector dynamic and static and dynamic
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components consisting of detectors, respectively, of the regional implementation of the specific control of different networks, the main system and subsystems, such as between the components through the interface to connect, to achieve data transmission.
3 Intelligent lighting control system and control of the content
A project to control the use of intelligent lighting control system include the following categories: technology office hall, computer center and other important room, lecture hall, such as multi-function hall, exhibition hall, conference center, lobby and courtyard, walkways and elevators, such as the Office of Public site; building façade lighting in general and also by the intelligent lighting control systems to control switch signal.
Control the content of the term of the interpretation: (1) Clock control
Clock management, etc. through the electrical components, to achieve the normal work of regions for the state of lighting in different time control.
(2) The automatic adjustment control illumination
Though each module and illumination dimming dynamic electrical components such as detectors, to achieve under normal conditions in the regions for the normal work of the state of the automatic lighting dimming control, making the region, such as illumination will not be outside with the sunshine factors change, and always main the default value in the illumination around.
(3) Control of the regional scene
Through each dimmer module and the control panel and other electrical components, to achieve under normal conditions in the regions for the normal work of the state of the scene lighting control switch.
(4) Static and dynamic detection of control
Through each dimming modules and electrical components, such as movement detectors, to achieve under normal conditions in the regions for the normal work of the state of the automatic lighting control switch.
(5) Reduction state of emergency control
Through each of the normal lighting control module, such as dimming of the electrical components, to achieve a state of emergency for the normal work of the various districts in the state of lighting and to giving up the number of relief, such as dimming control.
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(6) Manual remote control
Through the infra-red remote control, to achieve under normal conditions in the regions for the normal work of the state of lighting control and manual control of the regional scene.
(7) Emergency lighting control
Here mainly refers to the control of intelligent lighting control system to the special region by the implementation of the emergency lighting control, including the following two controls:
1) Under normal illumination and the automatic adjustment control of the regional scene with the regulation of the normal work of lighting the same manner as the control.
2) A state of emergency automatic discharge dimming control, through each of the emergency lighting dimming control module, such as electrical components, to achieve state of emergency for the regions under a state of emergency lighting dimmers, such as giving up control, so that the accident in the state of emergency lighting to reach 100%.
These are the characteristics of intelligent lighting control systems analysis and office building in a specific application in a number of experiences, hoping to play the role of forward, so that the field of technology in the lighting to fully play its role.
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智能照明控制系统
摘要：智能照明控制系统的主要目的是节约能源，智能照明控制系统的各种“预设”控制方式和控制元件，对不同时间不同程度的照明进行精确设置和合理管理。这种自动调节照度的方式，充分利用室外的自然光，只有在必要的时候，开启灯具，使光线达到所需亮度，即使用最少的能量，就可以确保所需照明水平，节能效果非常明显，节能通常超过30%。
关键词：智能照明控制系统，总线式，星形结构
1 智能照明控制系统的优越性
1.1 节能效果好
采用智能照明控制系统的主要目的是节约能源，智能照明控制系统的各种“预设”控制方式和控制元件，对不同时间不同照明进行准确合理的设置和节能管理。这种自动调整照明方式，充分利用室外自然光，只有在必要时候，开启灯具，使光线达到所需的亮度，即使用最少的能源，就可确保所需的照明水平，节能效果非常明确，通常超过30%。此外，智能照明控制系统的荧光灯调光控制等，由于采用了荧光有源可调滤波器的电子镇流器技术，降低了谐波含量，提高了功率因数，降低了低压无功损耗。 1.2 延长灯具寿命
智能照明不仅可以延长灯具寿命，而且还大大减少了更换灯的工作量，降低照明系统的运行成本，管理和维护变得简单。
热辐射源或气体放电光源，其电压波动是光损伤的主要原因。因此，有效抑制电压波动可以延长光源寿命。
智能照明控制系统不仅可以成功的避免电网电压冲击，而且还具有电压限制和共轭流滤波功能，避免过电压和欠压光损伤。采用软启动和软关断技术，避免电流对光源的伤害。通过这种方法，通常能延长光源的寿命 2到4倍。 1.3 改善工作环境，提高工作效率
良好的工作环境是提高工作效率的必要条件。良好的设计和光源，并对灯具和照明质量控制系统的合理选择，可以提高照明质量。
智能照明控制系统调光控制面板模块取代传统的开关控制照明，对控制房间整体照明值是一种有效的方式，可使照度的均匀性提高。同时，这种电气元件的控制方法也解决了频闪效应，不会造成人体不舒服，混乱，眼睛疲劳。
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1.4 实现各种照明效果
照明控制范围广，同一栋建筑可以有多种艺术效果。现代的建筑，照明不仅仅是满足人们的视觉光影效果，它们应该通过控制各种方式的照明，使建筑更加生动、更加艺术化，给人以丰富的视觉效果和美感。拿一个项目为例，搭建展厅、演讲厅、大堂、中庭等，如果有智能照明控制系统，可根据不同的时间、不同的用途、不同的效果，使用相应的预先设定场景控制，可以实现丰富的艺术效果。 1.5 便于维护管理
智能照明控制系统，以照明控制为主，基于模块化的自动控制，辅以人工控制，预置照明场景，将参数存储在EPROM中，这些信息的设置和更换非常方便，使建筑照明管理和维护更容易。 1.6 经济回报率高
我们的参考点为上海地区，从节能灯和系统的预估值得出了这样的结论：三至五年，业主可以恢复基本的智能照明控制系统增加的总成本。智能照明控制系统可以改善环境，提高员工的生产效率，减少维护和管理费用，而且还为业主节省了大量的成本。
2 智能照明控制系统组件
我们知道，智能照明控制系统的楼宇控制系统只是其中的一部分。如果要把各种控制系统集中到控制中心去控制，那么控制系统必须有标准的通信接口和协议版本。虽然这种系统集成在理论上是可行的，但很难付诸实施。因此，在工程、智能化管理上，我们建立一个分布式系统，分布式的，即各控制子系统相对独立，自成体系，实施具体的控制，自成一体的智能楼宇管理系统的控制子系统，实施具体的控制，从而得知分布式智能控制大厦管理系统等起到对信号的采集和监控的作用。
目前，智能照明控制系统按照子网拓扑结构，有以下两种形式，即总线和星形结构的混合动力。这两种形式的特点是具有更大的灵活性，易于扩展，控制相对独立，成本较低；混合动力可靠性高，故障诊断和排除简单、方便，对协议接收和转换性更高。
工程设计中，我们考虑将建筑智能照明控制系统作为一个独立的子系统，利用国际标准和协议的通信接口构成大厦智能管理系统。智能照明控制系统采用分布式的方式，即调光控制单元相对独立、可对范围进行自调节，互不干扰，通过集中管理和信息的接口，对智能大厦管理系统相连的信息采集和监测，从而控制楼宇中心子系统的监控信号。总之，智能照明控制主要的系统应该是一个集中管
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理系统，以及主干和信息接口组件组成的区域，实现同一样品的控制和信号监控；其子系统应该是由各模块的调光器，控制面板，动态和静态的照明检测器以及动力元件组成的探测器，分别对不同网络的特定控制区域实施控制，主系统和子系统组件之间通过连接的接口，实现数据传输。
3 智能照明控制系统及控制内容
对一个项目的控制，使用的智能照明控制系统包括以下几类：技术办公厅，计算机中心等重要的房间，演讲厅，多功能中厅、展览厅、会议中心、大堂、中庭、走道和电梯等公共场所；建筑外立面外墙照明一般也由智能照明控制系统控制。
控制系统的内容： （1）时钟控制
时钟管理等通过电气元件实现各区域的正常工作，用于不同时间的照明状态控制。
（2）自动调节控制照明
虽然每个模块和动态调光照明电器元件如探测器，在正常条件下对区域的自动照明装置的正常工作状态实现调光控制，使区域照明跟随阳光因素的变化，始终使照明控制在默认值左右。
（3）区域场景控制
通过每个调光模块和控制面板等电气元件，实现在正常条件下，为各区域场景进行照明控制。
（4）静态和动态检测控制
通过各个调光模块和电气元件，如运动探测器，实现在正常条件下，对正常工作状态的区域进行自动照明控制。
（5）应急控制状态
通过每一个正常的照明控制模块，如调光的电气元件，以实现紧急状态下使各个地区的照明正常工作，并放弃了一些功能，如调光控制。
（6）手动遥控
通过红外遥控，实现在正常条件下，对区域内正常工作状态的光源进行灯光控制和人工控制。
（7）急救照明控制
这里主要是指智能照明控制系统实施对特殊区域的紧急照明控制，包括以下两个控制：
1）在正常照明和区域的自动调节控制下，调节正常工作的照明方式与控制方式相同。
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2）紧急状态自动放电调光控制，通过紧急照明调光控制模块，如电气元件，使紧急状态的地区处于一个急救照明的状态，比如放弃其他控制，使处于事故状态的急救照明达到100%。
这些都是智能照明控制系统的特点分析和在具体应用中的一些经验，希望能起到正向的作用，在照明的技术领域，充分发挥其作用。
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