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大学英语四级汉译英专项练习题目及解析(20200513211335)

2022-06-21 来源:易榕旅网
大学英语四级考试汉译英部分专项练习

1.2.3.

I wish_________________________________(

我的家乡四季如春)

事故就不会发生了)

If you had not run the red light, ______________________________(

John couldn’t have known the news, __________________________________

(否则他早发出申请了

)

)

4.5.

but for his help, ____________________________________(我们就不会以这么低的价格租到房子了It was necessary that ________________________________(1.

在居民区设立更多的流动商店

)

It annoyed him that no sooner_____________________________________(了带钱包)

他刚上车,就发现忘

2.________________________________________(直到所有的证据都摆在他面前)crime.

did he confess his

3.4.

Were I in your position, ______________________________(我会毫不犹豫地抓住机会)

Not only_________________________________________ (他们不仅做了音乐表演gave a brief introduction to the history of Western brass instruments.

), but they also

5.Only after the accident______________________________(查).

他才让人对他的车进行了仔细地检

the end of that year, Henry _________________________________( suppose

by

the

time

I

come

back

from

已收集了一千多张外国邮票abroad

all

those

)old

houses_____________________________(将被拆除)

______________________________________(进入一个装满水的浴缸), some of the water will overflow onto the floor.4. A broad scientific (接连下了两天大雨)

census says that ______________________________(地球气候正在明显变暖and the ground was very wet.

).

1. Mary often attempts to escape being fired _______________________________

(每当她违反交通规则的时候(开始看起来模糊不清的事情)

).

might well become clear and organic a third time.

3. The man was left on an isolated island, _________________________________ (

他在那里待了半年之久

)

’m going to buy it, ____________________________

4. I’ve already told you that I (

无论花多少钱)

’ll accept any job_________________________________(只要无须早起).

逃避母亲的

责骂)whenever he

1.Mark often attempts to ___________________________________(does something wrong.

2. The new government was accused of failure to _____________________(实现其降低失业率的承诺

)

(为了挣钱供我上学),mother often takes on more work than is good for her.

4. He denied ________________________________________(

5.

1.

偷看了同桌的试卷)

I don’t mind ___________________________________(你迟作决定) as long as it is not too late.____________________________________________(其实你没必要穿上你最好的套装party; most of the guests were wearing jeans and sweaters.2.

__________________________________________(玛丽一定还没有找回她的车)

,for she came to work

) to go to the

by bus this morning.3.

The phone is ringing, but there is no answer. ___________________________(

) as it is starring first

–class actors.

她一定不在家)

(这部影片应该会有很好的票房收入

5. You screamed in your sleep last night, __________________________________(你一定梦见什么可怕的东西了1.

)

我的建议)to set up

All the members except Tom_______________________________(都投票赞成

a branch office in the suburbs, which satisfies me greatly.

2. I think____________________________________(不是你就是他没有讲实话)

).

3. Many a student______________________________________(4.

The committee ________________________________(many years.

已经意识到学习一门外语的重要性

一直在讨论那个问题) among themselves for

1. I was advised_______________________________________(或者打电话,或者写信给该旅馆订房) are used primarily to enrich the soil and ______________________________( neither knows__________________________________(

也不关心她发生了什么事

)

而是历史创造了提高产量)

4. It is not heroes that make history, __________________________________(英雄)

5. They not only broke into his office, _______________________________(稿)

make donations or for more information, please_________________________(联系)

2. If you want to keep the flower from dying, ___________________________(浇水).

而且撕碎了他的手

按以下地址和我们

要记得每天给它

3. ____________________________________(听医生的话),or your cough will get worse.4. Please______________________________((我们找个地方躲雨吧

), or we’ll get wet.

(体育锻炼的确直接有助于身体

把音乐声调小一点); the children are sleeping.

1. Many people think that __________________________________健康)。

2. ____________________________________________(你的工作能力才是最重要的come from or what you are.

3. ______________________________________(正是Independence.

4. Many people do not realize that________________________________that lays the groundwork for child abuse.

1. The destruction of buildings and houses is__________________________(那样广泛), and varies from village to village.

2. The more he explains it, __________________________________(3. We all know that _____________________________________( 4. ___________________________________(我口袋里只有五元钱me to buy the candy.

5. The buildings look _________________________________(1.

the new building

Jefferson

写下了)the

),not where you

Declaration of

(正是这种经常性的体罚)

并不像原先担心的

我越觉得这个计划难以实现对他来说钱就像生命一样珍贵), so it’s really

).

)

a problem for

在伦敦比在这儿难看得多).

’s area____________________________(将是旧楼的两倍).

2.3.4.5.

the output of this year ______________________________(Although he eats less, ________________________________(This substance _________________________________(

与去年相比增加了50%)

)).

他的体重却是我的三倍

反应速度是另外那种物质的三倍

In such cases, the probability that women quit the job______________________________(男性辞职的可能性大三倍

).

(我们都忍不住笑起来)2.

Soon

after

when he finished the story.he

transferred

to

the

new

school,

Ali

found

that

he

had___________________________(很难跟上班里的学生).3. What a lovely party! It4. Although I

’s worth _______________________________(

我牢记一生).

我毫不费力地表达了

’m a foreigner in German, ______________________________(

自己的意思).

is time the whole society began to take action to_____________________________________(

我们的环境免于毁灭

).

大学英语四级考试汉译英部分专项练习答案解析

虚拟语气1.

答案: it were spring in my hometown all the year around解析:wish后的that从句表示没有实现或不可能实现的愿望,时,从句谓语动词用2.

were或实义动词的过去式。

that常常省略。当表示对现在的愿望

使

答案:the accident would not have happened

解析:if 条件句中的过去完成时态和句意表明,此处使用了虚拟语气,表示对过去事实的假设。所以主句谓语动词应该用

would have done

的形式。

3.答案: otherwise he would have sent his application.解析:前半句中的

couldn’t have known 是对过去情况的否定推测,

would have done

的形式。

后面的“否则”是对过去的一

种假设,故后面主句的谓语动词应用4.

答案:we could not have rent a house at such a low price.解析:but for

意为:“要是没有……”,常用来引出虚拟条件,相当于

if虚拟条件句。从句意可知,

的形式, 此处用它的否

“租到房子”是过去的事实,故主句的谓语动词应用定形式。

could/would have done

5. 答案:more mobile shops (should) be set up in the residential area.

解析:在“It is /was +

形容词+that

从句”结构中,当形容词表示重要性、必要性或某种意愿时,的形式,被动语态要用

should be done

且should 常省略。

后接从句时谓语动词往往要用常见的这类形容词有:

should do

advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, necessary, important,

等。

imperative, impossible, incredible, obligatory, proper, vital, urgent

倒装1.

答案:had he got on the bus than he found he forget to take the wallet with him.解析:no sooner…than和 hardly/no sooner 或 hardly/scarcely

scarcely…when都表示“刚一……就……”

位于句首时,紧跟其后的句子应采用部分倒装。

注意在该句型中,主句中一般使用过去完成时,从句中一般用一般过去时。此外,表示“忘记去做某事”时forget2.

后面应该接不定式。

答案: Not until he was showed all evidence解析:not …until

意为“直到……时,才……”为了起到强调作用,经常将

not until

提前,此时

句子就要用部分倒装。3.

答案:I would size the opportunity without hesitation解析:分析句子结构可知,该句是省略了汉语部分的谓语动词应用4.

would/could +do

if的条件虚拟句的倒装结构,从句是对现在情况的假设,故。

答案:did they present a musical performance解析:当表示否定的词语谓语句首时,

该句应采用部分倒装。类似的表示否定的词语有:

等。

not, never,

seldom, hardly, scarcely, rarely, barely, little5.

答案:did he have his car inspected carefully.

解析:“only+状语”提前引起部分倒装。表示“让别人完成某事”一般用 have sth .done的结构。

时态和语态

1. 答案:had collected more than a thousand foreign stamps.

解析:the end of that year过去完成时。

2. 答案:will have been pulled down

解析:根据时间状语

by the time+

表示将来时间的句子可知,此处表示“到将来某个时间为止的情是过去时间,

再加上by可知是过去某一时间以前完成的,所以应用

况”,故应用将来完成时。此处需要用被动语态。3.

答案:you get into a bath full of water解析:在引导的条件状语从句中,

如果主句用将来时,从句要用一般现在时。

4. 答案:the earth is experiencing significant global warming

解析:所给汉语部分中的“正在”此处应用进行时态,且主句中用的是一般现在时,故所给汉语部分应用现在进行时。

5. 答案:it had been raining for two days

解析:and后的分句中的

was提示所给汉语部分的时态应为过去时。

“下雨”这一动作从过去更早时

间持续到现在某一时刻,故应用过去完成进行时。从句

1. 答案:whenever she breaks the traffic regulations

解析:所给汉语部分的“每当……. 时候”,也含有“不论何时”之意,所以此处的连词最好用 2.

答案:What seems confusing at first

解析:分析句子结构可知,所给汉语部分在句中作主语;事情”。 3.

答案:where he stayed for as long as half a year.解析:先行词

island

为地点名词,

故其定语从句应用关系副词

where来引导。表示“长达……

what 引导的主语从句常用来表示“……

.

whenever

久”,可用“as long as + 4.

时间”的结构。

答案:no matter how much it costs

解析:no matter与疑问词连用可以引导让步状语从句。本句表示“花费多少钱”how much。

5. 答案:as long as I don

解析:so/as long as

’t have to get up early

表示“只要”,在句中起连词作用,引导条件状语从句。另外,根据前后句

don’t have to

,故应用no matter

意,这里的“无须”应翻译为

动词

1. 答案:escape being scolded by his mother

解析:动词escape表示“逃避”,后面要求接动名词做宾语;而本句中主语“间是被动关系,故应用动名词的被动语态。

Mark”与“惩罚”之

2.答案:fulfill its promise to reduce the unemployment rate

解析:本句中“降低失业率的”应该做“承诺”的定语,可以用不定式短语做后置定语来表达。表示“实现(承诺)”也可以用keep或meet,但此处表示政府行为,故最好用

fulfill.

3. 答案:In order to finance my education解析:不定式短语常位于句首做目的状语。用,但so as to

一般不用在句首。

’ test paper

denied行为之

in order to

或 so as to

可以起到突出强调该目的的作

4.答案:having peeked at his neighbors

解析:deny后面要求接动名词做宾语。此处动名词所表示的行为“偷看”明显发生在前,故应该用动名词的完成式来表达。

5.答案:your delaying making the decision

解析:首先,动词

mind后面要求接动名词做宾语;其次,动词

delay后面同样要求接动名词做宾语。

avoid, bear, consider, delay,

类似的词还有:abandon, admit, advocate, appreciate,

deny, deserve, dislike, enjoy, escape, fancy, forgive, imagine, miss, prevent, practice, recommend, resist, suggest情态动词

1.

答案:you needn’t have put on your best suit

解析:needn’t have done表示完成了本不需要完成的动作,2.

答案:Mary couldn’t have found her car

解析:本句汉语部分表示有把握的否定推测,故情态动词应用英语部分的时态为一般过去时,形式来表达。3.

答案:she can’t be at home

解析:本题主要考查情态动词的推测用法。的句式结构来表达。4.

答案:This film should have a fantastic box office解析:情态动词

should表示推测时,

暗含很大的可能性。“票房收入”应译为

box office

本句是对现在发生情况的否定推测,

因此要用can’t do

can 或 could

的否定形式,而所给

表达说话人的责怪、建议或遗憾之意。

由此可知是对过去情况的一种否定推测,故用couldn’thave done

5. 答案:you must have dreamed of something terrible

解析:所给汉语部分的“一定”提示本句是在进行肯定推测,情态动词应为时间状语提示本句是在对过去发生的事实作肯定推测,因此谓语动词应用结构。

主谓一致

1.

答案:vote for my proposal

解析:本题主要考查主谓一致。主语中含有某些连词(

except, as well as, besides, in addition

,except 等)时,谓

All the members

为复数,所以谓语也应must。所给英语部分的“must have +done”的

to, along with, together with, including, no less than, rather than语动词的数同这些词前面的名词保持一致。本题中,主语该用复数形式。2.

答案:either you or he is not telling the truth解析:not only…but also, neither

…nor…, either

…or… whether…or…等短语连接并列主

语时,谓语动词与其相近的名词的数保持一致。

3.

答案:has realized the importance of learning a foreign language

解析:“many a /more than one+名词单数”结构在意义上是复数,但谓语动词用单数形式。4.答案:have been discussing the problem

解析:本题主要考查时态和主谓一致。由时间状语和所给汉语中的“一直在”可推知,该句应该采用现在完成进行时,根据句意和句中的

themselves,句子的主语the committee

family, class, staff,

在此处表示“委员会成

员”,故谓语应用复数形式。其它类似的词team, government, council 分,谓语用复数。并列结构

committee, audience, party, board,

等集合名词作主语时,如果指集合体,谓语用单数;如果指具体组成部

1. 答案:either to telephone or to write the hotel for reservations.

解析:本题考查并列结构。

“either…or…”常用于连接并列结构,表示“或者……

或者……”

本句中连接的是并列的不定式结构。2.答案: (to ) increase the production

解析:本题主要考查并列结构。由句意和句中的故也应该是不定式短语,这里的不定式符号3.答案:nor cares what happened to her

解析:本题主要考查

neither..nor

连接的并列结构。“neither..nor

”意为“既不……, 也不”用

and可知,译文应该与to可省略。

to enrich the soil

并列,

于连接并列结构,故本句中后面的动词应该与形式一致。to sb.根据句意可知,从句应用一般过去时。4.答案:but history that makes heroes

解析:本题主要考查并列结构。

表示“某人发生了某事”,通常用短语happen

not…but常用于连接并列结构,意为“不是……

but后的分句,结构应该与

而是”。分析句子

结构可知,此处是强调句型,要求翻译的应该是5.答案:but(also) tore up his manuscripts.

解析:本题主要考查not only…but(also)但……. 而且”, not only般过去时。祈使句

1. 答案:contact us at the following address

解析:空格前的

not后的分句一致。

结构。not only…but(also)用于连接并列结构,意为“不

所在的分句也用该用一

所在的分句用的是一般过去时,故 but(also)

please提示该句应为祈使句,应该以动词原形开头。

the following address

“与某人联系”一般用动词

contact,“以下地址”通常表达为2. 答案:remember to water it everyday

解析:本题主要考查祈使句。

,介词at与其一起构成介宾短语。

根据此处汉语意思可知,此处表示建议,因此最好使用祈使句表达,

要以动词原形开头。表示“记得做某事”3.

答案:Follow your doctor

’s advice

, remember后面要接不定式。

解析:本句是祈使句的肯定形式,表达了说话者的建议或劝告。在“祈使句句型中,陈述句的谓语动词常用一般将来时。4.

答案:turn down the music

解析:句中的please提示,译文部分应翻译为祈使句,表示一种请求。5.

答案:Let’s find a place to shelter from the rain解析:所给汉语部分明显表达的是一种建议,

+and/ or+陈述句”的

所以可以用祈使句来表达。“躲雨”常可用shelter from

the rain强调句型

1. 答案:physical exercise does contribute directly to a person

解析:本题考查强调句型及短语contribute to,

contribute

’s health

to。表示“有助于…….”可以用be good to, help to,

does。

由所给汉语中的“的确”可知,该句应该强调谓语动词,故应在动词前加上

2. 答案:It’s your ability to do the job that matters most

解析:本题考查强调句型。所给汉语部分中的“才是”提示,该部分是要强调“工作能力重要”所以应用强调句型来表达,其基本结构是:

It is/was +

强调部分+that/who+其他部分。由所给英语is。

部分中的一般现在时可知,强调句型中的系动词应是3. 答案:It was Jefferson who wrote

解析:由所给汉语部分中的“正是”可知,此处应该用强调句型来表达。语。

4. 答案:it is the regular use of physical punishment

解析:由所给汉语部分中的“正是”和汉语部分之后的处强调的是主语“经常性的体罚”对比和比较结构1.

答案:not as /so widespread as was initially worried about解析:本题主要考查同级比较。所给汉语部分中的“像”提示,来表达。需要注意的是第二个

that

本句强调的是句子的主

提示此处应使用强调句型来表达,此

此处应该使用比较结构as…as…

as后面的部分,其后可接名词或代词,也可接句子。接句子时,如

as后应接从句,从句的主语与

,故应该用一般过

果主从句的主语一致,从句的主语常可省略。此处根据句意要求,

主句的主语一致,它与“担心”之间是被动语态,而从句是表示“原来的情况”去时。同时,

否定时,常用so代替第一个as

2. 答案:the more I find this plan difficult to put into practice

解析:本题主要考查比较句式和短语

put into practice。比较结构the more…the more表示“越…..,

put

就越…….”,可在more的位置上放相应的形容词或副词的比较级。表示“实施计划”常用短语into practice

3. 答案:money is as precious to him as his life

解析:本题主要考查比较结构。

as…as…意为“像……一样,与……

. 一样”

4. 答案:far/much uglier in London than here解析:look为系动词,后面接形容词;表示倍数的句式

1.答案:will be twice that of the old one解析:本题主要考查倍数的表达。that指代area, one

twice/three times

building

等倍数词+比较对象

far, much

常用于比较级前,用来加强语气。

指代前面已经出现的

2.答案:increased by 50% compared with that of last year解析:本题主要考查倍数的表达。表示“增加了多少”应该用to(增加到多少)相混淆。

3.答案:his weight is three times that of mine/ he is three times as heavy as me .解析:本题考查倍数表达。表示倍数的一些句式有:词原级+as,翻译时注意比较对象的一致性,前面是代替weight。

4.

答案:reacts three times as fast as that one/ reacts twice faster than that one解析:“A+倍数+as +形容词、副词原级+as+B”是表达倍数的惯用表达方式,

意为“……是….. 的……

twice/three times his weight,

等倍数词+as+形容词或副

that of mine, that

increase by,注意不要与increase

后面就应该用

倍”。

5.答案:is three times lager than that of men

解析:本题主要考查倍数表达。“A+倍数+比较级 +than +B”是适合于本剧的倍数表达。动名词的固定结构

1. 答案:we all could not help laughing

解析:本题主要考查

can/could not help doing

。can/could not help doing

是固定短语,意为

could。

“禁不住,忍不住”,翻译时注意后面一定要用动名词。此处是一般过去时,故只能用2. 答案:difficulty(in)keeping up with his classmates

解析:本题主要考查动名词的固定结构用have difficulty(in)doing doing。表示“跟上”常用

have difficulty(in)doing sth

have trouble/fun/a

。表示做某事有困难,常hard time/a good time(in)

sth。类似的结构还有keep up with

或catch up with

3. 答案:remembering all my life

解析:本题主要考查短语

be worth doing

。be worth doing

是固定短语,意为“值得…

..”,此

处的doing是主动表示被动。

4. 答案:I have no difficulty(in )expressing myself correctly

解析:本题主要考查动名词的固定结构省略。

5. 答案:prevent/save our environment from being destructed解析:“使…免于”之间是被动关系。

常用prevent/stop/keep/hinder/save

… from doing.

另外,此处环境与破坏

have difficulty(in)doing

sth。此处为其否定形式,in 常

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