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英语单词中th

2024-01-02 来源:易榕旅网


英语单词中th、oo、s的发音规律

一、单词中th的发音规律

(1)th位于词首时,可以从词性上判别其应有的读音。

在名词、动词、形容词和数词中th发清辅音。如:

thing, theatre, thunder, thermos, Thursday, theory, theme, throat, thread, think, thank,

thrive, thicken, thirteen, thirty, third, thousand, thick, thirsty, thoughtful, thorough

在代词和一些功能词中th发浊辅音.

如: them, their, theirs, there, the, than, then, though, thus, therefore, they 只有介词through是个例外。

(2) th位于词尾(或音节之尾)时,其读音多数是清辅音,如:bath, breath, tooth, 等。只有在少数单词中,如:with, smooth 中读浊音。

(3) th 在词中并且后面接er时,或者最后一个字母是不发音的e时,通常也发浊辅音。例 如:

feather, weather, whether, leather, further, father, bathe, breathe, southern, northern,either , mother, another, brother等。

(4)在其他情况下发清辅音。例如:

author, faithful, method, nothing, anything, health , healthy, wealthy。

二、单词中OO的发音规律

oo读长还是短,记住口诀就简单。

d, k之前读短[u],food一词是特例;

t前读长[u:],foot需要特殊记;

复合词中要读短,其余多数读长[u:];

l, s, d间读作[Λ],例外还要特殊记。

oo在单词中的发音主要有长音[u:]和短音[u]两种:

(1) 重读音节词尾发[u:] too zoo bamboo cuckoo kangaroo shampoo

(2) 在辅音字母f,l,m,n,s,t,p,z前的重读音节发[u:]

roof proof

school fool cool pool tool stool (wool [wul]例外)

room broom groom bloom gloom

Soon moon noon spoon

goose loose choose

boot root tooth shoot smooth soothe (foot football [u]例外)

troop loop oozy

(3) 在字母d和k前发[u]

good goods wood stood goodness (food[fu:d] mood [mu:d]特例)

book look cook hook took shook brook outlook cookie

(4)在复合词(双音节或多音节词)的非重读音节中发[u]

bedroom bathroom classroom workroom childhood boyhood

neigbourhood readingroom mushroom understood

(5) 在复合词(双音节或多音节词)的重读音节中发[u:]

afternoon cartoon balloon cocoon moonlight noodle

typhoon saloon schoolboy

注意1:在字母l和d之间发[Λ] : blood flood

注意2:oor字母组合发[ ?:] : door floor (poor [ ??] 例外)

三、单词中s的发音规律

(1) 在词首念[s],如: sit[sit] soap[sεup]

(2) 在清辅音之前,s念[s],如: desk[desk] newspaper['nju:speipε]

(3) 在浊辅音之前,s念[z],如: husband ['h∧zbεnd] newsreel['nju:zri:l]

(4) 在元音字母和不发音的字母e之间,如果是动词,则s念[z],如:

close[klεuz] raise[reiz]

(5) 在元音字母和不发音的字母e之间,如果是名词或形容词,则s念[s],如: house [haus] case [keis] close [clεus]

(6) 在两个元音之间,s往往念[z],如: season ['si:zεn] prison [' prizεn]

(7) 在轻读音节中,在-ia或-io之前,s念[∫],如:

russian ['ru∫εn]

discussion [dis'k∧∫εn](如-sion前是个元音,则s念[3],decision[di'si3εn])

(8) 在轻读音节的词尾-sure中,念[∫]如: pressure ['pre∫ε] (如-sure前面是元音,则s念[3],pleasure['ple3ε])

(9)少数在重读音节su-中的s念[∫],如: sugar ['∫ugε] sure [∫uε]

(10) 动词或名词加s时的读音规则:

①词尾是清辅音,则加上去的s念[s],如: lamps [l?mps] likes [laiks]

②词尾是浊辅音或元音,则加上的s,念[z],如: plays [pleiz] pigs [pigz]

③词尾是磨擦音[∫],[3],[z]或破擦音[t∫],[d3],在词尾e加上s,则念[iz],如加上-es,念[iz],如:

praises ['preiziz] pages ['peid3iz] glasses [gla:siz] washes ['w)∫iz] catches ['k?t∫iz]

④ s有时不发音,如:island ['ailεnd]

四、其他补充

ay一般读[ei]如day play 但是在星期几,假期中读[i]Sunday holiday

al 后面如果是字母l ; k 时 读作 [?:]如 walk tall talk

al 后面如果是其他辅音字母时 读作 [?:l]如false also

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