• 我们常说，良好的开端等于成功的一半。做事如此，作文也是如此。所以我们颇有
必要在作文的开头花一番心思。
• 在写议论文时，你通常以什么样的方式开头呢？最简单也最常用的可能就是开门见
山法。也就是说——直截了当地提出你对这个问题的观点，点出文章的中心思想。 • I．．．．has both advantages and disadvantages．……既有利又有弊。例如： • 1．Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages． • 2．Living in a city has both advantages and disadvantages．
• 3．Compared with cars，bikes have their advantages and disadvantages． • 举一反三：
• 1．Although computers bring people a lot of convenience，they have many disadvantages． • 2．．．．has many advantages．For example，．．．However，just as every coin has two
sides，．．．has its disadvantages．（本例将利弊分开讲，转折过渡自然。just as every coin
has two sides也很值得背诵。） • II．．．．play（s）an important role ／part in．．．……在……中扮演重要角色／起重要作用。例如： • 1．Computers play an important role in science and technology． • 2．Computers play a more and more important role in our • life．
• Computers play an increasingly important role in our studies． • 3．Education plays an important part in developing our mind． • • • •
4．Addiction to alcohol and drugs play a role in homelessness． 举一反三：
1．Advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life．
2．In the past，letters played a decisive role in long-distance communication．But now ，
telephone，email，fax have taken their place． • III．With the development of．．．，随着……的发展，例如：
• 1．With the development of our economy，m any Chinese families can afford a car． • 2．With the development of our economy and society，pollution is more and more serious． • 3．With the rapid development of science and technology，people can get a college degree by taking online-courses at home．
• 4．With the current social and technological developments，employees with more knowledge and higher academic degrees are needed． • 举一反三：
• 1．With the rapid increase of China's population，housing problem is becoming more and
more serious． • 随着中国人口的急剧增加，住房问题越来越突出。
• 2．With more and more women entering society，people's attitude towards women is
changing． • 随着越来越多的妇女走入社会，人们对妇女的态度也在改变。
• 3．With the deepening of Chinese reform and opening up，an increasing number of Chinese
• families can afford a car．
• 随着中国改革开放的深入，越来越多的中国家庭买得起车了。（“越来越多”除了常用
的more and more外，还可以用an increasing number of， a growing number of，a significant number of，a great number of等来表达。）
• 本结构看似固定，实则富于变化，只要记住with有“随着”的意思，相信大家可以根
据实际的需要造出更多的句子。
• 我们已经看到，开门见山的开头使论文直切主题，直白明确地提出了论点。不过在
讨论某些有争议性的问题时，就显得有欠缺，因为我们必须在文章的开头引出人们对要讨论的问题的不同看法，然后再表明自己的观点。下面就是专门针对争议性论文的一种句型。
• IV．When it comes to．．．，some people think ／believe that．．．，others argue ／claim
that opposite ／reverse is true．There is probably some truth in both arguments ／statements，but．．．当说到……，有些人认为……，但另一些人则持相反的观点……。这两种观点可能都有点道理，但……。
• 本结构先用when it comes to ．．．引出话题，再用some．．．others ．．．这个对立的
结构引出了两种相反的观点，然后说There is some truth in both．．．表明严谨公正的态度，最后用but．．．很自然地引出了自己的论点。请看下面这个例子： • TV，a good thing or bad thing
• When it comes to TV，some people believe that it is extremely valuable，as it provides
relaxation， entertainment and education． Others argue that it is harmful for it begins to control our lives and deprives people of time to do other activities．There is probably
some truth in both sides．But we must realize that television itself is neither good or bad．It is the uses to which it is put that determines its value to society．
• 二、结尾句型
• 英语议论文多以简要总结全文或对所讨论的问题提出解决办法来结尾。总结全文时
除常用到in one ／a word，generally speaking等外，没有固定模式。提出解决办法时却常使用下一句型。 • V．．．．take measures to do sth．例如：
• 1．We should take measures to control pollution in order to save the world．
• 2．We'd better take effective measures to prevent students from cheating on exams． • 3．The government decided to take strong measures against drug abuse．
• 4．Urgent measures should be taken to prevent terrorists from carrying out further attacks • 常用句型二 • 一，开头句型
• 1.As far as ...is concerned • 2.It goes without saying that... • 3.It can be said with certainty that... • 4.As the proverb says • 5.It has to be noticed that... • 6.It`s generally recognized that... • 7.It`s likely that
• 8.It`s hardly that...
• 9.It’s hardly too much to say that...
• 10.What calls for special attention is that...需要特别注意的是 • 11.There’s no denying the fact that...毫无疑问，无可否认 • 12.Nothing is more important than the fact that...
• 13.what’s far more important is that... • 二，衔接句型
• A case in point is ... • As is often the case...
• As stated in the previous paragraph如前段所述
• But the problem is not so simple. Therefore然而问题并非如此简单，所以…… • But it’s a pity that...
• For all that...In spite of the fact that... • Further, we hold opinion that... • However , the difficult lies in...
• Similarly, we should pay attention to...
not(that)...but(that)...不是，而是提示：2空白处是无用的，请跳过阅读吧-----------------It博客 提示：2空白处是无用的，请跳过阅读吧------------It博客 提示：2空白处是无用的，请跳过阅读吧------------It博客 1 2009 20092011 2011 2011 5 2012 9 2011 201220123 2012 3201191 2012 2004 163 163 515515 4014575691 2010 文档收集整理均为itboke所贡献--要学习更多知识请到it博客学习！-------------------www.itboke.net
•
• In view of the present station.鉴于目前形势
• As has been mentioned above...
• In this respect, we many as well (say)从这个角度上我们可以说
• However, we have to look at the other side of the coin, that is...然而我们还得看到事物
的另一方面，即 • 三，结尾句型
• I will conclude by saying...
• Therefore, we have the reason to believe that... • All things considered,总而言之
• It may be safely said that...
• Therefore, in my opinion, it’s more advisable...
• It can be concluded from the discussion that...从中我们可以得出这样的结论 • From my point of view, it would be better if...在我看来……也许更好 • 四，能句型
• Let’s take...to illustrate this.试举例以兹证明
• let’s take the above chart as an example to illustrate this. • It’s remains to be further studied... • There’s question is how... • so that, so...that...
• 11、信件开头常用语
You letter came to me this morning.
I have received your letter of July the 20th.
I’m writing to you about the lecture to be given next Monday. I’m writing to ask if you can come next week. How time flies! It’s three months since I saw you last. Thank you for your letter.
In reply to your letter about (the exhibition this year)…; Let me tell you that…
• 英语作文书面表达常用句型及短语：信件结尾常用语
12、信件结尾常用语
Please remember me to your whole family. Give my best regards (wishes) to your mother. Best wishes. With love.
Wish you a pleasant journey.
Wish you success. Wish you the best of health. (luck) Looking forward to your next visit to China. Looking forward to the pleasure of meeting you.
Expecting to hear from you as soon as possible
常用于结尾段的句型
一、对全文进行归纳总结的句型
1．From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that…. 2．Taking into account all the factors, we may safely come to the conclusion that…. 3．Judging from all the evidence offered, we may safely arrive at/reach the conclusion that…. 4．All the evidence supports a sound conclusion that…
5．From what is mentioned above, we may come to the conclusion that… 6．To sum up/draw a conclusion, we find that…. 7．In short/brief/a word/conclusion/sum/, it is….
8.Therefore/Thus/Then, it can be inferred/concluded/deduced that….
9.From/Through/According to what has been discussed above, we can come to/reach/arrive at/draw the conclusion that…. 10. It is believed that….
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