动词的五种形式：
原形、第三人称单数、现在分词（+ing）、过去式（+ed）、过去分词（+ed） 变化规律：
动词第三人称单数动词现在分词 1.________________________ 1._________________________ 2.__________________________ 2._________________________ 3._________________________ 3.__________________________ 动词过去式和过去分词： 有规则变化和不规则变化
规则变化：1._____________________ 2.___________________________ 3.______________________ 4.___________________________ 时态 用法 谓语动词结构 标志词/时间状语 (肯定式) 一般现在时 1. 事物的特征特点； 2. 客观真理； 3. 经常性、反复性的动作或行为及现在的某种状态。 一般将来时 表示还没有或者即将发生的动作或者状态。 1.________________ 2.________________ usually, often, sometimes, never, tomorrow, next week, 1._________________ two hours later, in 2050 2.________________ just now, a moment ago, 一般过去时 过去某个时间里发生的动 last(week, month, year), 作或状态；过去习惯性、经 the day before 常性的动作、行为。 __________________ yesterday, yesterday.. look, listen, at the 现在进行时 表示现阶段或说话时正在 moment , now 进行的动作及行为。 __________________ 过去进行时 表示在过去的某个时间点发生的具体的动作。 __________________ at eight yesterday at that moment/time already, yet ,just ,before, 现在完成时 1. 过去发生或已经完成的ever, recently, 动作对现在造成的影响 ,in the last few years, 或结果， 2. 从过去已经开始，持续__________________ so far, for和since后接到现在的动作或状态。 时间 1
特殊用法：现在完成时常用的句型：have \\has been to 去过，不在那里。
have\\has gone to 去了，现在还在这里 has/have been in 表示一直呆在某地
for 和since 的用法：
for+一段时间，如for ten years. since+时间点/句子（过去时）
如since 2001/ since two weeks ago / since I was ten years old.
现在完成时中，有for+一段时间， since +时间点/句子或由how long提问时，短暂性动词要变延续性动词。
如： borrow→keep, buy→have, become →be, fall ill →be ill, fall asleep→ be asleep, get/catch a cold→have a cold, die→be dead, open→be open， end/finish → be over, begin/start→ be on, j oin→be in/be a member of, leave→be away, come→be in/here, go→be away/out, reach/arrive/get to→stay/be in
Example:
I have bought a book recently. 对 He already has died. 对 I have bought a book for a week. 错 He has died since 2008. 错 I have had a book for a week. 对 He has been dead since 2008. 对
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1．He_____ swimming in the river every day in summer. (go)
2. Look, the children______ basketball on the playground. ( play ) 3. He ______to the radio when I came in. ( listen )
4. —I need some paper . —I______ some for you . ( bring ) 5. I can’t find my pen . Who ______it? ( take )
6. I ______my bike, so I have to walk to school. ( lose ) 7. He ______down and began to read his newspaper. ( sit )
8. He is very hungry. he_________ anything for three days. ( not eat ) 9. We will go to the cinema if it ______fine. (be )
10. We ______good friends since we met at school. （be） 二、选择最佳答案
（ ）1.Listen ! someone ______ in the next room .
A. cried B. crying C. is crying D. has cried
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（ ）2..We can’t find him anywhere . perhaps he ______ home.
A. is going B. went C. has come D. would come
（ ）3. we ______to the great wall several times.
A. go B. were going C. have gone D. have been
（ ）4. The boy_____ English on the radio when I _____ his door.
A. learned… was opening B. was learning… opened C. learned… opened D. is learning… open
（ ）5. —Jim is not coming tonight . —But he______ !
A. promises（许诺） B. promised C. will promise D. had promised
（ ）6 .He often ______ his clothes on sundays.
A. washing B. washes C. has washed D. wash
（ ）7.May______to school.
A. never walks B. is never walking C. walk never D. never is walking
（ ）8.How long ______playing football?
A. have you stopped B. had you stopped C. did you stop D. do you stop
（ ）9.It______ hard when I left my house .
A. is raining B. rains C. was raining D. will rain
（ ）10. There will be a football match in two days, that is _______. A. last Sunday B. next Sunday C. every Sunday D. this Sunday
（ ）11. Don’t talk so loudly . Your father ______.
A. sleeps B. is sleeping C. slept D. had slept
（ ）12.His grandfather ______ for thirty years.
A. died B. was dead C. has been dead D. has died
（ ）13.—did your brother go to America last
year? —______.
A. No, he did never go there B. No, he has never gone here
C. No, he never was there D. No, he’s never been there
（ ）14.He______ that factory while lingling was reading books.
A. works in B. is working in C. was working in D. has worked in
（ ）15. He ______ in his garden every morning next year. A. will work B. works C. worked D. is working （ ）16.Last week John ______ his leg.
A. felt and broken B. fell and broke C. feels and breaks D. fallen and broken
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