语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Tokyo has a great range of cafes, but many don’t offer free wireless Internet access or power outlets (电源插座). So, for the benefit of those looking for free Wi-Fi, here are our top spots in the Japanese capital.
Coffee Valley
Coffee Valley is a small coffee shop. While the first floor has limited seating, there are outlets for each seat. If you don’t need to charge, the second floor is much more spacious with an area that can accommodate groups of up to four people. They also have a good selection of snacks to accompany your coffee.
Date: Open daily.
Time: 8 A．M.—8 P.M. (From 9 A．M. on weekends).
Location: A five-minute walk from the east exit of Ikebukuro Station. 10° Cafe
10° Cafe is the perfect place for early birds. For some peace and quiet, work on the second floor. At 10° Cafe, each seat has power outlets while their counter seats offer a great view of the surrounding neighborhood. Their menu prices before 11 A．M. offer discounted breakfast.
Date: Daily (Closed every third Sunday of the month). Time: 7:30 A．M.—9 P.M.
Location: A five-minute walk from Takadanobaba Station. Good Sound Coffee
Come for the coffee, and stay for their music selection. Good Sound Coffee is a friendly neighborhood cafe close to Nakameguro Station. There are indoor and outdoor seats and plenty of outlets. It might get crowded on the weekends, and the cafe offers discounts on food items.
Date: Daily
Time: 8 A．M.—11P.M.
Location: A three-minute walk from the east exit of Nakameguro Station.
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Valley Park Stand
Valley Park Stand opens from early in the morning to late in the evening. There are public tables with power outlets. It’s spacious with lots of natural light a few steps away from the Miyashita Park. There is a decently sized menu with tea, coffee and various sandwiches and bites.
Date: Daily.
Time: 8 A．M.—10 P.M.
Location: A few minutes’ walk from Miyashita Park. 1．What is the special part of 10° Cafe? A．It opens to the late night. C．It offers different delicious snacks. 2．Which cafe is friendly to music lovers? A．10°Cafe.
C．Good Sound Coffee.
B．Coffee Valley. D．Valley Park Stand.
B．It has one day off each month. D．It’s not far from the Ikebukuro Station.
3．What do 10° Cafe and Good Sound Coffee have in common? A．Customers can enjoy various snacks.
B．Customers can still drink coffee at 10 P.M. in the cafes. C．Customers can get easy access to Nakameguro Station.
D．Customers can get food at a cheaper price during a certain period.
In the August sun, it’s unbearably hot in my car. I’m in Vancouver, approaching the Knight Street Bridge as I try to get home after work. It’s 5:15 pm. Traffic is already slowing down and then it comes to a full stop. I’m stuck even before getting on the bridge.
This has become my normal work commute (上下班往返) routine. Ahead of me is a heavily jammed on-ramp (匝道). I stare at the endless rows of vehicles, depressed.
My initial reaction is always denial. This is not how it looks. The traffic will soon start moving. Seconds pass. Minutes pass. Looking at the rows of cars and trucks glittering (闪光) in the sun, I start counting — 299, 300, 301 — and I give up.
Suddenly I remember I’m one of the 300 helpless drivers. But I stay alert. When the cars do move, I move carefully, making sure not to bump into other vehicles. Finally, I make it onto the bridge. The traffic is still crawling at a snail’s pace. Tired and hungry, I become very anxious.
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Just then, I hear a faint sound in the distance. The sound gradually becomes louder, until I can identify it as an emergency vehicle approaching from behind. What do we do? The bridge is packed. There’s no room for us to move.
But I’m wrong. Every single car quickly, yet carefully, moves to the side. Without thinking, I follow suit. The lane remains open for a few seconds during which the ambulance flashes through.
Afterward, every car moves back into formation (队形). We close up the emergency lane, ready to restart our patient wait. Back in my spot, I’m awestruck. I forget my tiredness and hunger. My anxiety is gone. I start reflecting upon what 300 fellow drivers and I just did.
How did we do that? Despite our exhaustion, we collectively decided to help the stranger who needed the time more desperately than we did. We drew on our compassion (同情心) and intelligence, requiring no directives.
Although I may seem alone stuck on the bridge, I’m connected to all the other drivers. Together we could make the impossible possible. 4．How does the author feel when seeing the on-ramp? A．Annoyed. C．Calm.
B．Shocked. D．Discouraged.
5．What does the author think when knowing an ambulance is approaching? A．All drivers will be willing to move. C．It will be hard for it to pass through.
B．Someone should direct the traffic. D．Whoever is inside needs immediate help.
6．What does the underlined word “awestruck” in paragraph 7 most probably mean? A．Deeply doubtful. C．Extremely confused.
B．Filled with admiration. D．Feeling distracted.
7．What does the author think made the miracle happen? A．People’s kindness.
C．The drivers’ good driving skills.
Have you ever seen a car without a driver? It sounds crazy, but these computer-driven driverless cars will soon be filling roads near you. Tech companies around the world have been designing and testing driverless vehicles and the technology is available already.
So, how do they work? The cars are covered in sensors that can detect other cars and obstacles on the road. Sensors on the wheels also help when parking. Road signs are read by
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B．Instructions from a stranger. D．The drivers’ positive mindset.
cameras, and satellite navigation systems are used. Finally, a central computer system takes in all the information and processes this to work out when to accelerate, brake and steer. All you have to do is type in the destination.
Sounds like your idea of heaven? Sitting back, looking out of the windows and even watching a film while “driving” will all be possible with this new technology. In addition, computers are generally more efficient drivers than humans, meaning emissions can be reduced. They also drive more safely than people—they don’t get distracted by music or friends, they obey the speed limit and they have quicker reaction times in case of an emergency.
However, there are still many drawbacks of driverless cars. Computers will have difficulties making ethical (道德上的) decisions. If a child ran out into the road, would the computer choose to hit the child or turn aside sharply and potentially hurt the car’s passengers instead? Moreover, I personally find driving fun. I’d miss never being behind the wheel myself. There would also be legal questions. Should children or drunk people, be allowed in a driverless car by themselves? Or would there need to be a responsible adult with a driving licence in the car at all times?
Although being driven around by a machine would perhaps mean that no one needs a driving license, many people would be put out of a job by the popularization of driverless cars. Bus, taxi and train drivers would be made unwanted.
I’m not convinced I’d want a driverless car, but it’s only a matter of time before they’ll become more affordable and commonplace on our roads. 8．What do you need to do when using a driverless car? A．Control the sensors.
C．Check the satellite navigation systems.
B．Read the road signs carefully. D．Put the address into the computer.
9．What does the third paragraph mainly tell us about driverless cars? A．Their emissions. C．Their testing process.
B．Their advantages.
D．Their reaction to an emergency.
10．How does the author analyze the shortcomings of driverless cars? A．By making a comparison. C．By raising some questions.
B．By analyzing their harmful effects. D．By sharing personal experiences.
11．What does the author think of future driverless cars? A．They will be less expensive.
B．They will consume less energy.
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C．They will do more harm than good.
D．They will be more strictly controlled.
A strong hit to the head will normally give you a concussion (脑震荡). Woodpeckers, however, strike their beaks (喙) into trees thousands of times a day and are perfectly fine.
We used to think that a woodpecker’s skull (头骨) worked as a kind of safety helmet which absorbed the shocks. A new study by Sam Van Wassenbergh, a researcher at the University of Antwerp in Belgum, proved that this “common sense” was in fact false.
Van Wassenbergh and his colleagues argued that, if a woodpecker’s head absorbed the force, it would not be able to strike the tree with enough force.
“If the beak absorbed much of its own impact, the unfortunate bird would have to pound even harder,” they said in their paper. In other words, if the theory were true, the woodpecker would have to peck even harder to compensate (弥补) for both the shock-absorbing qualities of the sponge-like bone inside its skull as well as the density (密度) of the wood.
The scientists recorded four different kinds of woodpeckers in zoos as they were pecking. The team used data from their high-speed recordings to build digital models of the woodpeckers. Van Wassenbergh described the woodpeckers’ motion as “a hammer (锤子) hitting wood” since their movement rigid and focused.
The research suggested that woodpeckers don’t have any shock-absorbing device or the ability to reduce the amount of force. Although they are without “helmets”, the team claimed that the woodpeckers’ tiny size and weight protect them.
A woodpecker’s brain is about 700 times smaller than that of a human. “Smaller animals can stand up to higher decelerations (减速). Think about a fly that hits a window and then just flies back again,” Van Wassenbergh said. “So that is why even the hardest hits we observed are not expected to cause any concussion.”
THEORIES OF PECKING
Previous theory 1: The shock is absorbed by a spongy (海绵似的) bone behind the woodpecker’s beak.
Previous theory 2: Woodpeckers have a long tongue that wraps around the skull, which protects the brain.
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Previous theory 3: The liquid inside the skull ensures that the brain will not move violently.
New theory: There is no shock-absorbing device in the head. Woodpeckers’ tiny body is able to take the hit.
12．What did people use to believe about woodpeckers when they peck trees? A．They could resist slight concussions. B．Their heads were able to reduce the impact. C．Their beaks could spread the shocks they produce. D．Their bodies were soft enough to absorb the force.
13．What did the experiment conducted by Van Wassenbergh and his colleagues prove? A．The shock absorber theory is mostly correct. B．How woodpeckers peck depends on their type. C．Woodpeckers do not have special safety devices.
D．Density of the wood affects a woodpeckers’ pecking force.
14．What protects a woodpecker from getting a concussion according to Van Wassenbergh? A．Its size.
B．Its skull.
C．Its beak.
D．Its species.
15．Where is the text probably taken from? A．An advertisement. C．An observation diary.
B．An information brochure. D．A science magzine.
二、七选五
We all know about the health benefits of swimming. It offers a great workout for the body —it builds endurance, muscle strength, and cardiovascular (心血管的)
fitness.___16___? Well, many people are trying, based on evidence that it is good for us.
Cold-water swimming involves swimming in natural areas including ponds, rivers, and the sea. ___17___. And research has found it can have much bigger benefits than that for your body and mind. Besides being good exercise, spending time outdoors and in the water improves wellbeing.
___18___. One man who suffered constant pain after surgery claimed he was cured by taking a plunge in cold open water. And another swimmer, Sandria Simons, told the BBC, “the immersion (浸) of your body in cold, salt water, just feeling like you’re at one with
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nature if you like, just feels amazing.”
But what are people gaining from this chilly experience? Doctors say getting into cold water causes a stress response, but the more you do it, your reaction to stress is reduced. It’s also thought to have a strong anti-inflammatory (消炎的) effect. __19__. Some experts believe cold-water swimming helps “cross-adaptation”, where one form of stress prepares the body for another. For example, it also helps reduce the stress of exercising at high altitudes.
___20___: approach it with caution, swim with a friend, and maybe start in the summer, when the water temperatures are higher! A．A cold swim wakes you up
B．Want to have a go at open water swimming
C．It can also be dangerous, so it’s important to do it right D．But who would enjoy swimming in water that’s ice cold E．So, if you’re convinced that this is for you, take this advice F．But there are bigger benefits to this stress-reducing exercise
G．Evidence suggests that cold-water swimming has cured certain health conditions
三、完形填空
I was born in the Netherlands and lived there until I was 30 years old. In the Dutch context, I was emotionally intelligent, and I ___21___ expected that this could be any different. When at the University of Michigan, I joined a discussion on ___22___. I introduced myself in an understated (Dutch) way as “interested in culture and emotion”. The professor, to fit American ___23___, added that I was one of the world’s experts on culture and emotion. In response, I looked down in ___24___ and said in a low voice that “expert” was a big word. I lived in North Carolina and had new friends coming over to dinner. Conversations were lively that evening. When my guests left, they ___25___ me for dinner. My heart sank, because in the Netherlands, “thanking for dinner” means the relationship is ___26___. The Netherlands and the US do not have massively different ___27___. But emotional interactions between individuals from these different cultures are not ___28___. The professor meant to make me feel good, but instead made me ___29___. My friends meant to show gratitude, but they made me think they were distancing themselves from us instead. 试卷第7页，共11页
Where did it go wrong in these interactions?
I now think the answer is that we were interacting with different ____30____ in mind. In the US, it is important that people feel good about themselves: other people help you ____31____ and have self-esteem (自尊). You are an expert, and you made the special effort to cook us this delicious dinner. ____32____, in the Netherlands, it is important to make true ____33____with other people, and not to pretend you are better than anybody else. The daily dances of emotions are ____34____: Americans dance to the music of making each other special, while Dutch dance to the music of true connection. And when you ____35____ them up, people start stepping on each other’s toes. 21．A．never 22．A．manners 23．A．standards 24．A．anger 25．A．asked 26．A．distant 27．A．origins 28．A．complicated 29．A．annoyed 30．A．methods 31．A．stand out 32．A．In turn 33．A．promises 34．A．personal 35．A．build
B．rarely B．emotions B．procedures B．delight B．praised B．insincere B．cultures B．interesting B．anxious B．purposes B．show off B．Above all B．contributions B．different B．take
C．usually C．literature C．policies C．disappointment C．thanked C．harmonious C．environment C．fluent C．humble C．expectations C．calm down C．After all C．connections C．important C．pick
D．sometimes D．intelligence D．requirements D．embarrassment D．blamed D．meaningful D．languages D．regular D．uncomfortable D．feelings D．cheer up D．By contrast D．comparisons D．widespread D．mix
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cuju was an ancient Chinese____36____(compete) game involving kicking a ball through an opening into a net.
As the ancestor of soccer, it first appeared in____37____well known ancient Chinese historical work Zhan Guo Ce (Strategies of the Warring States), which described cuju as a
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form of ____38____(entertain) among the general public.
Later, cuju was____39____(common) played in the army for military training purposes during the Han Dynasty (206 BC—220 AD).
Liu Bang, the first emperor of the Western Han Dynasty, was a cuju fan____40____liked watching and playing cuju.
Emperor Liu Che would establish a cuju field____41____his army went. He used cuju as a way of training soldiers.
The____42____(early) record of women cuju players can be traced back to the Han Dynasty. We can see paintings of females with their hair____43____(tie) back, waving their long sleeves and looking chic (时髦的) while playing cuju.
Up to the Tang Dynasty (618—907), women players prevailed (盛行) at the royal court, as emperors enjoyed watching soccer games. At that time, various skills were widely used in playing cuju, mainly____44____(serve) as amusement.
As a way of national culture protection, cuju____45____(list) in the first batch of China’s intangible cultural heritages in 2006.
五、邀请信
46．假定你是李华，你们学校建立了一个有中外学生参加的微信群(WeChat group)。请给你的留学生好友Michael写封邮件，邀请他加入这个微信群。内容包括： 1.写信的目的；
2.该微信群的作用或目的； 3.你的希望。
注意：1.词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Michael,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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_____
Yours, Li Hua
六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落的开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Steve grabbed his bat and glove. “See you later, Mom. I’m going to Paul’s.” He raced out the door and slammed it behind him. Summer vacation just began. The boys planned to play baseball every day so they could make the freshman team.
Paul was waiting outside for Steve. “What are you doing? Where’s your stuff?” Steve lifted his bat onto his shoulder when catching sight of Paul.
Paul shook his head unhappily. “I have to clean Mr Thompson’s garage before I can go. With his broken arm, he can’t do it himself. My mom always volunteers me to help the Thompson’s. They’re kind of old.”
“OK” said Steve. “I’ll help you. We’ll get done quicker working together.”
The boys went down the block to the Thompson’s and got started. They found a couple of brooms and shovels(铲). Before they swept, they put boxes that were strewn(遍布) around the garage floor on shelves. As Paul put a big box on a shelf, it fell off and with it fell an envelope. He picked it up. It wasn’t sealed, so he opened it. There were lots of one-hundred-dollar bills.
“You’ve got to see this.” He pulled out a handful of bills and showed Steve with his eyes lit up. “Where did you get that?” said Steve. Paul pointed to the shelf. “It just fell down when the box fell. There’s got to be a couple of thousand box fell. There’s got to be a couple of thousand dollars here. If we take some, I bet no one will ever know.”
Steve furrowed his brow(皱眉) and shook his head. “Are you crazy? That’s stealing.” “Well, I do a lot of chores for them and don’t get paid. It’s not really stealing; it’s a kind of payment for my hard work,” Paul insisted. At that time, Steve was about to grab the money from Paul’s hand when they heard a sound. 注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
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Paragraph 1:
“Boys, I baked a chocolate cake,” Mrs Thompson walked into the garage.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2:
When they were about to leave, Mrs Thompson handed Paul a brand-new bat and glove. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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