Ⅰ.语法填空
2019·全国联考 212词 ★★★★★ Thousands of years before the coming of agriculture, people were already making bread. That's the surprising __1__ (conclude) of a new study based on a curious find in northeastern Jordan.
At its most basic, bread is the combination of __2__ (process) grains and water that have been baked, fried, or steamed. The process leaves behind chemical and structural qualities that researchers can use to
identify the principal food. And that's just __3__ archaeologists found when they investigated a 14,000yearold site known as Shubayqa 1 in Jordan's Black Desert. The inhabitants, who were huntergatherers, left their home in a hurry, __4__ the contents of their most recent meal still smoldering (焖) in two sunken fireplaces.
With the help of a scanning electron microscope, which __5__ (use) a beam (束) of electrons to return incredibly complicated zoomedin
images, the researchers __6__ (identify) 24 pieces of char (炭) that were decidedly breadlike. Though the bread's exact grain remains unknown,
__7__ (it) cellular structure resembles grain species.
The find is the __8__ (old) example of bread yet discovered and predates the arrival of agriculture in the region by some 4,000 years. The discovery, __9__ could help researchers better understand how ancient cultures met their nutritional needs, suggests __10__ (know) how to grow grains isn't essential to making bread from them.
Ⅱ.阅读理解 A
2020·抚州六校联考 记叙文 248词 ★★★★☆ Nobel laureate C N. Yang and Turing Award winner Yao Qizhi have become
Chinese citizens and officially joined the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) as academicians, the academy's official faculty (科) office said on Tuesday, Feb 21st 2018.
They are the first overseas scientists to relinquish their foreign citizenship to join official faculty of Chinas highest scientific
research organization. Yang, 94, would join the mathematical physics department, while Yao, 70, would enter the information technology and
science department. They are both internationally distinguished scholars, the faculty
office said in a press statement. “Their entry into the academy's faculty will increase the influence of China's scientific circles globally.
Yang and his colleague Li Zhengdao received the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics for their work on parity non－conservation of weak interaction, becoming the first Chinese to win a Nobel Prize.
Yao received the Turing Award, the most famous award in computer
science, in 2000”in recognition of his fundamental contributions to the theory of computation, including the theory of pseudorandom number generation, cryptography, and communication complexity.
In late 2017, both scientists gave up their foreign nationality and submitted their request to join the academy. The office had to carry out new procedures to accept them.
In recent years, the office is actively trying to build a “big academician family”， connecting wellknown scholars around the world to contribute to China's major scientific development. There are now 754 Chinese and 78 foreign scientists at the academy.
1．What does the underlined word “relinquish” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Possess. B．Abandon. C．Demand. D．Hate.
2．What do we know about the two scholars? A．They study physics.
B．They received the Nobel Prize.
C．They were recognized as he receivers of Turing Award.
D．They should follow some entry procedures conducted by the official faculty office.
3．What does the office think of the two scholars entry into the
academy's faculty? A．It will increase China's economic position globally. B．It will inspire more people to go for the Nobel Prize.
C．It will improve the global influence of Chinas scientific circles.D．It will make the science departments in China more harmonious. 4．What's the main purpose of the fifth paragraph? A．To tell us Yao's great achievements. B．To explain why Yao will join the office. C．To show how strong Chinas academy team is. D．To compare Yang with Yao in terms of science. B
2020·郑州质量预测 说明文 365词 ★★★★☆ Imagine you're standing in line to buy a snack at a store. You step up to the counter and the cashier scans your food. Next, you have to pay. But instead of scanning a QR Code (二维码) with your smart phone, you just hold out your hand so the cashier can scan your fingerprint. Or, a camera scans your face, your eyes or even your ear.
Now, this type of technology might not be far away. As technology companies move away from the traditional password, biometric (生物特征识别的) security, which includes fingerprint, face and voice ID, is becoming increasingly popular.
In 2013, Apple introduced the iPhone 5s, one of the first smart phones with a fingerprint scanner. Since then, using one's fingerprint to unlock a phone and make mobile payments has become a commonplace, bringing convenience to our lives. And since 2016, Samsung has featured eyescanning technology in its top smart phones, while Apple's new iphone X can even scan a user's face. But despite its popularity, experts warn that biometrics might not be as secure as we imagine. “Biometrics is ideally good in practice, not so much，” said John Michener, a biometrics expert.
When introducing the new iPhone's face ID feature, Phil Schiller, Apple's senior vicepresident, said. “The chance that a random person in the population could look at your iPhones X and unlock it with their face is about one in a million.” But it's already been done. In a video posted on a community website Reddit, two brothers showed how they were each able to unlock the same iPhone X using their own face. And they aren't even twins.
“We may expect too much from biometrics，” Anil Jain, a computer science professor at Michigan State University, told CBS News. “No security systems are perfect.”
Earlier last year, Jain found a way to trick biometric security. Using a printed copy of a thumbprint, she was able to unlock a dead person's smart phone for the police, according to a tech website Splinter. “It's good to see biometrics being used more，” Jain told CBS News, “because it adds another factor for security. But using multiple security measures is the best defense.”
5．Which is the latest identification technology in a smart phone according to the passage?
A．Face scanning. B．Eye scanning.
C．QRCodescanning. D．Fingerprint scanning.
6．What is a major problem of the iPhone X's face ID system? A．It takes too long to unlock the phone.
B．It often fails to recognize its owner's face. C．Face data can be used for other purposes.
D．Different faces can be used to unlock the same phone. 7．What is Anil Jain's opinion about biometric security?
A．It is as secure as traditional measures. B．It is perfect without much improvement.
C．It has caused much trouble for the police. D．It should be used with other security measures.
8．What does the author intend to tell us in this passage?
A．The popularity of biometrics. B．Security problems of biometrics.C．Various problems with biometrics. D．Great changes caused by biometrics.
练习57 语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.语法填空
1．答案与解析：conclusion 在句中作表语，有“the surprising”和介
词短语of a new study修饰，故应用其名词形式conclusion。
2．答案与解析：processed 表示“经过加工的谷物”。grains与process之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，故应用其过去分词形式processed作定语修饰grains。
3．答案与解析：what 这正是考古学家在调查约旦黑沙漠中一个有14 000年历史的名为Shubayqa 1的遗址时发现的。此处是一个表语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，结合句意可知，应用what引导表语从句。
4．答案与解析：with 原住民是狩猎采集者，他们匆匆地离开了家。他们最近一餐的食物还在两个下沉式的炉子里焖着。此处是一个“with＋宾语＋宾
补”结构，故填with。 5．答案与解析：uses 扫描电子显微镜使用一束电子返回极其复杂的放大图像。借助于扫描电子显微镜，研究人员鉴定出24块像面包一样的炭。which指代scanning electron microscope“扫描电子显微镜”，它与use之间存在主动关系。因为是在介绍这款电子扫描仪的原理，应使用一般现在时，故填uses。
6．答案与解析：identified 上下文叙述的是过去的事情，应使用一般过
去时，故填identified。
7．答案与解析：its 虽然面包的确切的谷粒仍不清楚，但其细胞结构类似
于谷粒种类。作定语修饰structure，表示“它的”，应填its。
8．答案与解析：oldest 根据句意和前边的定冠词the可知，此处应用形容词的最高级形式，故填oldest。
9．答案与解析：which 这项发现可以帮助研究人员更好地了解古代文化是
如何满足他们的营养需求的，它表明了如何种植谷物对于做面包并不十分重要。先行词discovery指物。关系词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。suggests为主句谓语。
10．答案与解析：knowing/to know suggests后边是一个省略that的宾语从句。作从句主语，应用其非谓语动词形式。动词ing形式和不定式都可以作主语，在这里句意区分不明显，故可填knowing和 to know两种形式。
Ⅱ.阅读理解 A
1．答案与解析：B 根据第一段中的“have become Chinese citizens”和第六段中的“both scientists gave up their foreign nationality”可知，他们两个人放弃了外国公民身份，加入了中国国籍。B项正确。
2．答案与解析：D 从第六段中的“The office had to carry out new procedures to accept them.”可知，他们进入社会需要遵循一些新程序。D项正确。
3．答案与解析：C 根据第三段中的“Their entry into the academy's faculty will increase the influence of China's scientific circles
globally.”可知，两位科学家的加入会提升中国在世界科学圈子里的影响力。C项正确。
4．答案与解析：A 文章第五段着重讲的是姚期智的成就。他获得了计算机
科学最高奖项——图灵奖。A项正确。 B
5．答案与解析：A'根据第三段中的“since 2016, Samsung has featured eyescanning technology in its top smart phones, while Apple's new iphone X can even scan a user's face.”可知，Face scanning是智能手机最新的识别技术。A项正确。
6．答案与解析：D'根据第四段中的“In a video posted on a community website Reddit, two brothers showed how they were each able to unlock the same iPhone X using their own face. And they aren't even twins.”可知，the iPhone X's face ID system的一个主要问题就是不同的脸可以用来解锁同一个电话。D项正确。
7．答案与解析：D 根据最后一段中的“Jain told CBS News，‘because it adds another factor for security. But using multiple security measures is the best defense.’”可知，应与其他安全措施一起使用。D项正确。
8．答案与解析：B'纵观全文，本文作者主要在讲的是生物特征识别的安全问题。B项正确。
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