先行词

1、先行词指人时，引导词可用Who,Whom,及that,其中当引导词在句中作主语时用Who或that；当其充当宾语时用whom或that，在非正式宾语中也可用who，也可省略。 a That boy who/that broke the window is called Tom. b The person to whom you just talked is Mr Li.

b 句可改为：The person(that/whom/who)you just talked to is Mr Li. 2、先行词指物时，引导词用that或which

planted the trees which didn’t need much water. b .The fish (which)we bought were not fresh. 3、先行词指时间时，引导词用When/on which或in which

still remember the day when/on which I first came to Bei jing. 'll never forget the year when/ on which we worked on the farm. 4、先行词指地点时，引导词用Where或in which

This is the house where/in which we lived last year. 或:This is the house that/which we lived in last year. 5、whose在定语从句中作定语时，可用来指人，也可以用来指物，如: is the boy whose mother died a month ago.

is the house whose windows were broken.此句可改成： This is the house the windoues of which were broken. 6、先行词表示原因时，引导词用why,如:

The reason why he was late for school was that he had been knocked down by a bike.

二、物殊情况：

尽管有以上基本原则，但要学好定语从句更应注意以下特殊情况；

Ⅰ、当定语从句的先行词为表示人的不定代词，如

anyone,anybody,everyone,everybody,noone,nobody,all， these ，those等时,用who而不用that

Those who break the rule are pulished.

Anybody who had eyes could see the elephant was like a snake.

Ⅱ.以who或which作主语的特殊疑问句中先行词指人，引导词只用That,如: is the person that is standing at the gate ？

of you that knows something about English doesn’t know this word？

Ⅲ、先行词指物时引导词用that而不用which的情况: 1、先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，

This is the best composition that has been written in English.

2、先行词是all,something,anything,nothing,everything,little,few,much等不定代词时

There is nothing/little/much that we can do for her. 3、先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时 I’ve read all the books that you gave me. 4、先行词被the only/very等修饰时

This is the very/last place that they visited yesterday. 5、有两个以上先行词，分别表示人或物时

They talked about the teachers and the schools that they had visited. 6、先行词为基数时

Yesterday I caught two fish,Now you can see the two that are still alive in a basin of water.

Ⅳ.time为先行词时，前边如有序数词修饰时，定语从句引导词用that或什么也不用，如没序数词修饰时，用when或that均可

is the last time(that)I shall give you a lesson.

先行词指人时，引导词可用Who,Whom,及that,其中当引导词在句中作主语时用Who或that；当其充当宾语时用whom或that，在非正式宾语中也可用who，也可省略。 a That boy who/that broke the window is called Tom. b The person to whom you just talked is Mr Li.

b 句可改为：The person(that/whom/who)you just talked to is Mr Li. 2、先行词指物时，引导词用that或which

planted the trees which didn’t need much water. b .The fish (which)we bought were not fresh. 3、先行词指时间时，引导词用When/on which或in which

still remember the day when/on which I first came to Bei jing. 'll never forget the year when/ on which we worked on the farm. 4、先行词指地点时，引导词用Where或in which

This is the house where/in which we lived last year. 或:This is the house that/which we lived in last year. 5、whose在定语从句中作定语时，可用来指人，也可以用来指物，如: is the boy whose mother died a month ago.

is the house whose windows were broken.此句可改成： This is the house the windoues of which were broken. 6、先行词表示原因时，引导词用why,如:

The reason why he was late for school was that he had been knocked down by a bike.