宾语从句考点

六、宾语从句（句子充当宾语/句子在谓语动词或介词之后）

A. that 引导的宾语从句

1.that引导宾语从句时，没有任何意义，在句子中不充当成分，通常可以省略

I know that I can repair this car. I am sure that you need an X-ray. △在say，think，believe，hope，know，understand等词；afraid，sure，sorry等情感类词语后，that可以省略

2.形式宾语：

①宾语从句后有宾语补足语：He has made it clear that he will not give in.

②that只作except，but，in的宾语，作其余介词宾语时，需要用形式宾语

He is a good student except that he is careless. / You may rely on it that I shall help you.

B. if，whether引导的宾语从句

1.“是否”，在从句中不充当成分：I don’t know if/whether you can help me.

2.只用whether：

①whether…or not/whether or not：We didn’t know whether or not she was at home

②不定式结构：She didn’t decide whether to tell her husband the truth.

③在介词后：It all depends on whether the weather is fine.

④在discuss后：They are discussing whether the plan is OK.

C. wh-引导的宾语从句

1. I wonder what he is thinking about. I’ll tell you why I asked you to come.

I don’t care who marries me. Be careful how you do that.

2.当从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，宾语从句可以化简为“连接词+不定式”

Can you tell me how I can get to the station？---Can you tell me how to get to the station.

D. 宾语从句的语序

1.宾语从句语序为陈述句：Where do you come from? He asked Lucy

He asked Lucy where she comes from.

2.①当宾语从句为What’s wrong…/What’s the matter…/What’s the trouble…/Which is the way to…时，宾语从句不改变语序；②当宾语从句为who引导的特殊疑问句时，并且who作主语时，宾语从句语序不变

I don’t know who broke the cup. I don’t know what’s the matter with you.

E. 宾语从句的时态

1.主句是一般现在时，从句可以用任意时态：He says that Jim isn’t lazy.

2.主句是过去时：

①从句的动作与主句接连发生，从句用一般过去时：She said she missed us very much.

②从句的动作与主句同时发生，从句用过去进行时:He said he was working hard on his Chinese

③从句的动作发生在主句之前，用过去完成时：She asked me if I had been to England.

④从句的动作发生在主句之后，用过去将来时：He asked me who would give us the talk.

⑤从句表达客观真理，用一般现在时：The teacher said the earth goes round the

sun.