make it 是英语口语中十分有用的一个习语，用法比较多，本文为大家归纳如下。 一、表示事业获得成功
You will make it if you try. 你会成功的，如果你努力的话。 He’s never really made it as an actor. 他当演员从未有所成就。 二、表示某人做成某事
You needn’t worry; he will make it. 你不必担心，他会办成的。
If you want to make it, better get doing. 如果你想把这事干成，就该动手了。 I can’t make it on Friday. It’s very short notice. 星期五我办不好，时间太短了。 Many high-wire walkers died on their last step, thinking they had made it. 许多走绳索者死在最后一步上，这时他们认为已经表演成功了。
I thought he would be too old to get to the top of the mountain, but he made it at last. 我原以为他年纪大爬不到山顶，但最后他还是爬上去了。
三、表示设法做到某事
I’ve been having violin lessons every two weeks, but I think I’ll make it every week from now on. 我一直是每两个星期上一次小提琴课，但是我想从现在起每个星期都上课。
四、表示及时赶上火车等
The train leaves in five minutes—we’ll never make it. 火车再有五分钟就开了——我们绝对赶不上了。
The train won’t leave for another ten minutes, so I think we can make it. 离开车还有10分钟，我想我们能赶得上。
五、表示及时抵达某地
We are too late; I don’t think we can make it. 我们太迟了，我想我们难以准时赶到了。
He says he’ll come on time, but he’ll never make it. 他说他明天准时来，但他绝对做不到。
I’m really sorry, but I won’t be able to make it on Sunday after all. 真的很抱歉，我星期天根本赶不到。
If you can’t make it Friday, we can invite somebody else. 如果你星期五赶不到，我们可邀请其他人。
六、表示约定时间
“When shall we meet again?” “Make it any day you like; it’s all the same to me.” “我们什么时候再次碰头?”“随你定在哪天，我无所谓。”
Let’s make it at seven o’clock on Tuesday morning at my office. 我们把时间定在星期二早上七点，地点就在我办公室。
“Shall we make it next week?” “OK, let’s make it next week.” “下个星期可以吗？”“好的，咱们就定在下个星期吧。”
Let’s make it at 8:30. Is that all right for you? 我们约定在8点半吧，这对你合适吗?
it用作形式主语或形式宾语的用法
1. it用作形式主语
当不定式、动名词、从句等用作主语时，为避免头重脚轻，通常在句首使用形式主语it，而把真正的主语放在句子末尾。如：
It’s a pity to refuse. 拒绝是令人遗憾的。
It’s no use saying any more about it. 再谈这事没有用。 It’s not known where she went. 她到哪里去了没人知道。
注：It is said / reported / believed / understood that… 这类结构中的 it 也是形式主语。如：
It’s reported that two people were injured in the accident. 据报导这次事故中有两人受伤。
2. it用作形式宾语
当不定式、动名词、从句等用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，就应在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至句末。如：
I find it easy to get on with her. 我发现她很容易相处。
I think it best that you should stay here. 我认为你最好住这儿(from www.yygrammar.com)。
They haven’t made it known where they are to hold the conference. 他们还没宣布会议在哪里开。
◎几种特殊的形式宾语it◎
1. enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, appreciate等动词后接 if 从句或 when 从句，通常应先在动词后接 it 作形式宾语。如(from www.yygrammar.com)：
She won’t like it if you arrive late. 她不喜欢你迟到。
He hates it when people use his bike. 他讨厌别人用他的自行车。
I hate it if you say such things in public. 我讨厌你在大庭广众之下说那样的事。 I’d prefer it if I didn’t have to do so much work. 要是我不必做那么多工作，那就太好了。
I would appreciate it very much if you would help me with it. 如果你能帮助我做这事，我会十分感激。
it用法完全归纳
一、it 作人称代词的用法 1. 指事物
作为人称代词，it 可以除人以外的一切事物或动物。如： I dropped my watch and it broke. 我把手表掉在地上摔坏了。 It’s hard work, but I enjoy it. 工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。 “Where is the dog?” “It’s in the bedroom. ” “狗在哪?”“在卧室里”。 2. 指人
it 指人主要用于指不性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。如： Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩?
There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman. 有人在敲门，一定是邮递员。 【说明】在答语中，常用来指本人，如说 It’s me。 3. 代替某些代词
代词 it 还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词 something, anything, nothing等。如：
“What’s this?” “It’s a new machine. ” “这是什么?”“是一种新机器”。 Nothing is wrong, is it? 没出什么问题，是吗?
二、it 作非人称代词的用法 1. 基本用法
it 作非人称代词的用法，主要用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象。如：
It’s too late to go there now. 现在去那儿已经太迟了。
It rained all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天的雨。 It can get very hot here. 这里有时会很热。 2. 用于某些句型
It’s time for sth. 该做某事了。
It’s time to do sth. 该做某事的时候了。 It’s time for sb to do sth. 某人该干某事了。
It’s (about / high) time + that-从句. 某人该做某事了。(从句谓语用过去式，有时也用“should+动词原形”)
It’s first (second) time + that-从句. 某人第几次干某事。(从句谓语用现在完成时) It’s + 时间段 + since-从句. 自从……有一段时间了。 It’s + 时间段 + before-从句. 过多长的时间才……
三、it用作形式主语 1. 基本用法
当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作句子主语时，为保持句子平衡，通常把真正的主语放在句末，而在句首使用形式主语it。如：
It’s very important to remember this. 记住这一点很重要。 It’s hard work climbing mountains. 爬山是费劲的事。 It’s unknown when he will come. 他什么时候来还不知道。 2. 用作形式主语的的重要句型
(1) It + be + adj. for (of) sb to do sth 某人做某事…… It is hard for him to make up his mind. 他很难下定决心。
It was foolish of her to say such a thing. 她说那样的话，真是太蠢了。
【说明】介词 of 与 for 的区别是：of 用于指某人的性格、属性、特征等，介词for表示对象，意为“对……来说” (from www.yygrammar.com)。
(2) It takes sb + 时间段 + to do sth. 某人做某事花了……时间
It takes years to master a new language. 要花多年的时间才能掌握一门新的语言。 【说明】此句型可以有以下多变种变体：It took me an hour to write the letter. =The letter took me an hour (to write). =I took an hour to write the letter. 我写这封信花了一个小时。
(3) It is up to sb to do sth. 该由某人做某事
It’s up to you to to make the choice. 得由你来作选择。
(4) it look (seem, appear, happen, occur) that [as if]… 似乎…… It seemed as though he didn’t recognize me. 他似乎没认出我来。 It happened that I was out when he called. 他打电话时我碰巧不在家。 (5) If it were not for… / If it hadn’t been for… 若不是因为……
If it were not for their help, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties. 要不是他们帮助，这些困难我们不克服不了的。
四、it用作形式宾语 1. 基本用法
当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至句末。其基本结构为“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)”。如：
I find it difficult to do the job well. 我发现做好这件事不容易。 I think it best that you should stay here. 我认为你最好住这儿。 We think it no use complaining. 我们认为抱怨是没有用的。 2. 用作形式宾语的几个特殊结构 (1) 动词+ it + that-从句。如：
I like it that you came. 你来了，我很高兴。
I take it (that) he will come on time. 我认为他会准时来的。
You can put it that it was arranged before. 你可以说这是以前安排的。
Rumor has it that the defence minister will soon resign. 据传闻，国防部长不久就要辞职。
【说明】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有 have, take, put, like 等。 (2) 动词 + it + when (if)-从句。如：
I dislike it when you whistle. 我不爱听你吹口哨。(from www.yygrammar.com) We really appreciate it when she offered to help. 她来帮忙了，我们十分感激。 I’d prefer it if I didn’t have to do so much work. 要是我不必做那么多工作，好就太好了。
【说明】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有 enjoy, hate, love, like, dislike, appreciate, prefer 等。
(3) 动词 + prep + it + that-从句。如：
See to it that you’re not late again. 注意千万不要再迟到。
Look to it that this doesn’t happen again. 注意不要再发生这种事。 You may rely on it that he’ll come to meet you. 你放心，他会来接你的。
I can’t answer for it that he will come. 我不能保证他会来。(from www.yygrammar.com)
【说明】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有see to, look to, insist on, stick to, depend on, answer for 等。
(4) 动词 + it + 介词短语+ that-从句。如：
I owe it to you that I am still alive. 多亏有你我才仍然活着。 I took it for granted that he would help us. 我认为他会帮助我们的。
【说明】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有take it for granted, bring it to sb’s attention, owe it to sb 等。
it用作形式宾语的用法
一、基本用法
当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语it，而将真正的宾语移至句末，其基本结构为“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)”：
I find it difficult to do the job well. 我发现做好这件事不容易。 I think it best that you should stay here. 我认为你最好住这儿。 We think it no use complaining. 我们认为抱怨是没有用的。
二、几种特殊的形式宾语
通常意义的形式宾语主要见于真正宾语为不定式、动名词、从句等且其后跟有宾语补足语时的情形，即用于“动词+it+宾语补足语+真正的宾语”这样的结构，但以下几类形式宾语却比较特殊，其后没有宾语补足语。
1. 动词+ it + that-从句
I like it that you came. 你来了，我很高兴。
I take it (that) he will come on time. 我认为他会准时来的。
You can put it that it was arranged before. 你可以说这是以前安排的。
Rumor has it that the defence minister will soon resign. 据传闻，国防部长不久就要辞职。
【注】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有 have, take, put, like 等。(from www.yygrammar.com)
2. 动词 + it + when (if)-从句
I dislike it when you whistle. 我不爱听你吹口哨。
We really appreciate it when she offered to help. 她来帮忙了，我们十分感激。 I’d prefer it if I didn’t have to do so much work. 要是我不必做那么多工作，好就太好了。
【注】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有 enjoy, hate, love, like, dislike, appreciate, prefer 等。
3. 动词 + prep + it + that-从句
See to it that you’re not late again. 注意千万不要再迟到。
Look to it that this doesn’t happen again. 注意不要再发生这种事。 I can’t answer for it that he will come. 我不能保证他会来。
You may rely on it that he’ll come to meet you. 你放心，他会来接你的。
【注】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有see to, look to, insist on, stick to, depend on, answer for 等。
4. 动词 + it + 介词短语+ that-从句
I owe it to you that I am still alive. 多亏有你我才仍然活着。 I took it for granted that he would help us. 我认为他会帮助我们的。
【注】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有take it for granted, bring it to sb’s attention, owe it to sb 等。
it用作形式主语的用法
一、基本用法
当不定式、动名词、从句等用作主语时，避免头重脚轻，通常在句首使用形式主语it，而把真正的主语放在句子末尾：
Is it necessary to tell his father everything? 有必要把这一切都告诉他父亲吗? It’s no good sitting up too late. 熬夜没有好处。
It is quite clear that he has read the book. 很显然，他读过这本书。 It doesn’t matter what he says. 他说什么没关系。
二、几种特殊的形式主语
(1) 用作动词look, seem, appear, happen, occur, follow等的主语(后接that从句或as if从句)：
It seems as if it is going to rain. 看来要下雨了。 It seems that he knows everything. 他好像什么都知道。 It (so) happened that I had no money with me. 碰巧我没带钱。
From this witness it follows that he must be guilty. 根据该证人的证词判断，他一定有罪。
(2) 当系表结构后接有if 或when引出的状语从句时，通常在系表结构前使用形式主语表示说话人对某情况的看法： (from www.yygrammar.com)
It was a great surprise to me when he did a thing like that. 他这样做使我很吃惊。 It would be a tragedy if anything went wrong. 如果出了什么事就是一个悲剧。 (3) 用于其他固定句型，如if it were not for…(若不是因为)，it’s time that…(该…了)等。
三、误用形式主语的几种情形
(1) 在该用it作形式主语的地方而误用其他词： Is ______ necessary to tell his father everything? A. it C. what
B. that D. he
此题的正确答案应是A(it用作形式主语)，而不能选D。 (2) 在不该用形式主语的地方而误用形式主语： ______ must be something wrong with the machine. A. There C. He
B. It D. That
此题应选A，为there be句型与情态动词must连用的情形。 比较以下两组句子：
______ is known to us all, the earth turns around the sun. ______ is known to us all that the earth turns around the sun. A. It C. As
B. Which D. That
前一句填C，as用以引导一个非限制性定语从句；后一句填A，it为形式主语，真正的主语是其后的that从句。
______ is difficult to persuade her to stay.
______ is difficult is to persuade her to stay. A. It C. He
B. What D. That
前一句填A，it为形式主语；后一句填B，what用以引导主语从句。注意后一句比前一句在不定式前多了个is。
it用作虚主语或虚宾语的用法
1. 用于指时间
It’s still early. 时间还早。
It’s already nine o’clock. 已是9点了。
It’s three years since he left here. 他离开这儿已有3年了。 2. 用于指距离
It’s a long way from here. 从这儿去很远。
How far is it from here to the station? 从这儿去车站有多远? 3. 用于指环境
It’s noisy in here. 这里面很嘈杂。
It was very quiet in the garden. 花园里很安静。 4. 用于指天气等自然现象 It’s very cold today. 今天很冷。
It is raining. 正在下雨。(from www.yygrammar.com) It’s 37℃ today. 今天气温是摄氏37度。 5. 用于笼统地谈论某情况 I cannot help it. 没办法了。
\"How’s it going?\" \"Well, not so good.\" “情况如何?”“不是很好。” 6. 用于某些习语
(1) make it 及时赶到；成功，办成：
You can make it if you hurry. 如果你赶快还可以及时赶到。 He wants to make it as a writer. 他想作一名作家而一举成名。 You needn’t worry; he will make it. 你不必担心，他会办成的。 (2) catch it 被责骂，受处罚：
If I come home late I’ll catch it from my mother. 如果我回家晚了，我妈妈会骂我。
it用作人称代词的用法
1. 用于指事物
it用作人称代词最基本的用法就是代替前面已提到过的事物，以避免重复： This is my watch, it’s a Swiss one. 这是我的手表，它是瑞士制的。
I cannot find my watch; I must have lost it. 我找不到手表，我一定把它给丢了。
2. 用于指动物或婴儿
除用于指代事物外，还可指动物或性别不详的婴儿： “Where is the cat?” “It’s under the bed.” “
猫在哪儿?”“在床下。”
They got a baby and it was very lovely. 他们生了个孩子，很可爱。
3. 用于上文提到的情况
He smokes in bed and I don’t like it. 他在床上抽烟，我不喜欢他这样。
Her mother kept telling her not to go out at night, but it didn’t help. 她母亲老叫她晚上不要出去，但是没用。(from www.yygrammar.com)
4. 用于指人
it用于指人主要用确定未知人的身份： “Who is it?” “It’s me.” “是谁啊?”“是我。”
“Listen. Someone is crying.” “Oh, it must be Mary.” “听，有人在哭。”“噢，一定是玛丽。”
Someone must have been here. But we have no idea who it was. 一定有人来过，但我们不知道是谁。
5. 指人时与he和she的区别
当it用于指人时，主要用于确定未知的或者是身份不明的人，若是指已知的或身份明确的人，则应根据情况使用he或she。比较：
I hear a knock at the door. It must be the postman. 我听见有人在敲门，一定是邮递员来了。
Jim is at the door. He wants to see you. 吉姆在门口，他想见你。
A tall man stood up and shook hands with her. It was the general manager. 一个高个子站起来同她握了手，他是总经理。
The general manager just called. He told us to wait for him at the gate. 总经理刚来过电话，他叫我们在门口等他。
6. 指物时与one的区别
两者均可代替前面提到的事物，区别是：it指的是与前面已提到的事物为同一物，此时的it等于“the (this, that, my...)+名词”；而one 指的是与前面已提到的事物为同一类物，此时的one等于“a+名词”。比较：
I have a dictionary but I’ve lent it to Mary. 我有一本词典，但把它借给玛丽了。 I haven’t a dictionary; can you lend me one? 我没有词典，你能借我一本吗?
it用作形式宾语的四个特殊句式
当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语it，而将真正的宾语移至句末，其基本结构为“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)”。如：
I find it difficult to do the job well. 我发现做好这件事不容易。 I think it best that you should stay here. 我认为你最好住这儿。 We think it no use complaining. 我们认为抱怨是没有用的。
但是，以下几种形式宾语比较特殊，同学们需引起注意（同时它们也是高考的常考考点）： 1. 动词+ it + that-从句。如：
I like it that you came. 你来了，我很高兴。
I take it (that) he will come on time. 我认为他会准时来的。
You can put it that it was arranged before. 你可以说这是以前安排的。
Rumor has it that the defence minister will soon resign. 据传闻，国防部长不久就要辞职。
说明：能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有 have, take, put, like 等。 2. 动词 + it + when (if)-从句。如：
I dislike it when you whistle. 我不爱听你吹口哨。
We really appreciate it when she offered to help. 她来帮忙了，我们十分感激。 I’d prefer it if I didn’t have to do so much work. 要是我不必做那么多工作，好就太好了。
说明：能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有 enjoy, hate, love, like, dislike, appreciate, prefer 等。
3. 动词 + prep + it + that-从句。如：
See to it that you’re not late again. 注意千万不要再迟到。 Look to it that this doesn’t happen again. 注意不要再发生这种事。
I can’t answer for it that he will come. 我不能保证他会来。
You may rely on it that he’ll come to meet you. 你放心，他会来接你的。
说明：能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有see to, look to, insist on, stick to, depend on, answer for 等。
4. 动词 + it + 介词短语+ that-从句。如：
I owe it to you that I am still alive. 多亏有你我才仍然活着。 I took it for granted that he would help us. 我认为他会帮助我们的。
说明：能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有take it for granted, bring it to sb’s attention, owe it to sb 等。
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