专题05 选词填空(解析版)
一、2021年
五、用单词的正确形式完成短文
he win hour swim father seem unlucky hard talk end Rick Hoyt is American and he has a good job at the University of Boston. 41．, he is in a wheelchair because of a serious illness. He can’t 42． either and he uses a computer for daily communication. However, he loves sport and wants to challenge 43． in a triathlon—a sports competition in which people swim 4 kilometers, bike 180 kilometers and run 42 kilometers. How can Rick make it as he can’t swim, bike or run and sits in a wheelchair? It 44． to be an impossible dream for him to realize.
Rick can take part because he does it with his father, Dick Hoyt. Together, they try their best to do the 45． task in their life—in the running, his father pushes him in his wheelchair; in the 46．, Rick lies in a small boat and his father swims and pulls him; in the cycling, Rick sits in a special seat on the front of his 47． bike.
Of course, the Hoyts never win the race. The winner of a triathlon usually completes it in about nine 48．, but the Hoyts take much longer time. “That’s right,” says the father. “We never win. But Rick and I think that we always win.”
Now the father and son have 49． the respectof many people. And their 50． courage also sets a good （尊敬）example for us all. It sends out the message how important it is that we believe in ourselves and never give up.
【答案】 41．Unluckily 42．talk 43．himself 44．seems 45．hardest/hard 46．swimming 47．father’s 48．hours 49．won 50．endless 【解析】 41．
句意：不幸的是，他因为重病坐在轮椅上。根据“Rick Hoyt is American and he has a good job at the University of Boston.”以及“he is in a wheelchair because of a serious illness”可知，这里表达的是“不幸的是”，备选词汇“unlucky”是一个形容词，unlucky的副词形式为unluckily，表示“不幸的”，此处需填入一个副词修饰整个句子，放在句首首字母要大写。故填Unluckily。 42．
句意：他也不会说话，每天都用电脑交流。根据“...and he uses a computer for daily communication”可知，他不会说话，备选词汇“talk”符合语境，空前有情态动词，后接动词原形。故填talk。 43．
句意：然而，他热爱运动，想在铁人三项运动比赛中挑战自己，在比赛中人们要游4公里，骑180公里，跑42公里。challenge oneself挑战自己，此处指Rick，备选词汇“he”改为“himself”。故填himself。 44．
句意：对他来说，这似乎是一个不可能实现的梦想。根据“How can Rick make it as he can’t swim, bike or run and sits in a wheelchair?”可知，此处表示Rick想要参加铁人三项似乎是不可能的，备选词汇“seem”符合语境，时态为一般现在时，主语为It，It seems...似乎……。故填seems。 45．
句意：他们一起努力完成生活中的（最）艰巨任务。根据“Rick can take part because he does it with his father,
Dick Hoyt.”可知，Rick将要和父亲一起参加铁人三项，这比赛对他们来说是艰巨的，备选词汇“hard”符合语境，此处可填形容词原形；空前有the，也可填形容词最高级。故填hardest/hard。 46．
句意：在游泳项目中，Rick躺在一条小船上，他父亲游泳拉着他。根据“Rick lies in a small boat and his father swims and pulls him”可知，此处是指在铁人三项的游泳项目中，备选词汇“swim”符合语境，填动名词形式swimming。故填swimming。 47．
句意：在自行车项目中，Rick坐在他父亲自行车前面的一个特殊座位上。根据“in the cycling, Rick sits in a special seat on the front of his...bike”可知，此处指Rick坐在父亲自行车前面的特殊座位上，备选词汇“father”符合语境，填名词所有格形式father’s，表示“父亲的”。故填father’s。 48．
句意：铁人三项的获胜者通常在九个小时内完成比赛，但霍伊特一家的时间要长得多。根据“The winner of a triathlon usually completes it in about nine...”可知，此处指比赛的获胜者通常用的时间，备选词汇“hour”符合语境，空前有nine，应用名词复数形式hours。故填hours。 49．
句意：现在父子俩赢得了很多人的尊敬。根据“Now the father and son have...the respect of many people.”可知，此处指父子俩获得人们的尊重，备选词汇“win”符合语境，空前有have，时态为现在完成时，结构为have done，应用win的过去分词形式won。故填won。 50．
句意：他们无穷无尽的勇气也为我们树立了一个好榜样。空处缺少一个形容词，备选词汇“end”的形容词形式为“endless”，表示“无穷无尽的”，符合语境。故填endless。
二、2020年
he go take race world difficult well wide have be
For most of us Chinese, Rick Clay might not be so popular. However, the name is41．known in the sports field. Rick Clay lives in Wellington, New Zealand. He is one of the 42． top athletes (田径运动员). He first becane famous
five years ago when he broke the 400m world recor.
Rick 43．won five gold medals (奖牌) in the last few years. This year has been very 44． for Rick, however. In May, he had bad luck because he hurt 45． by accident while he was preparing for this year’s Tokyo World Championships. He was 46． to the hospital. The doctor said it was not serious but would still take some time for him to be all right again.
Ever since then, he has not run in any more 47．.
Rick has tried to be positive (积极的) about his health. “It’s been a hard year, but I’m getting48．, though it takes time,\" he said. “I love green plants and flowers. There 49． many in my yard. I have done lots of gardening and spent more time with my family. So that’s good.
The next world competition is in Sydney in December. “I really want to50．. But I’m not sure if my leg will be ready for the game. I do hope it will be by then.” 【答案】 41．widely 42．world’s 43．has 44．difficult 45．himself 46．taken 47．races 48．better 49．are 50．go 【解析】 41．
句意：然而，这个名字在体育领域广为人知。
根据句子结构可知，该空修饰后面的known，表示“广为人知”，应选择wide，意为“宽的，广泛的”，应变为副词形式。故答案为widely。 42．
句意：他是世界顶级运动员之一。
根据句意可知，这里表示“世界顶级的运动员之一”，world是名词，意为“世界”，这里应用所有格形式，修饰后面的名词。故答案为world’s。 43．
句意：Rick在过去几年里赢得了五枚金牌。
句中in the last few years表示“在过去的几年里”，常与现在完成时态搭配使用；主语Rick是第三人称单数，空后是过去分词won，这里应填助动词has。故答案为has。 44．
句意：然而，今年对Rick来说是非常困难的一年。
根据句中however表示转折以及下文中““It’s been a hard year, but…”可知，Rick在训练中受伤，因此今年对他来说非常困难。difficult“困难的”，形容词，在句中作表语，符合语境。故答案为difficult。 45．
句意：今年5月，他运气不佳，因为他在准备今年的东京世锦赛时意外受伤。
Rick在训练中受伤，he是人称代词主格，根据句意可知，即“伤到了他自己”，这里应将其变为反身代词himself，意为“他自己”。故答案为himself。 46．
句意：他被送到了医院。
根据句意可知，这里表示“被送到医院”，应选择动词take，且与主语构成被动关系，应用被动语态，这里应填过去分词形式。故答案为taken。 47．
句意：从那以后，他再也没有参加过任何比赛。
根据文意可知，Rick是田径运动员，因为受伤，他不能参加比赛，因此这里选择race，意为“赛事，赛跑”。由空前的any more可知，这里应用复数形式，故答案为races。 48．
句意：“这是艰难的一年，但我正在好转，尽管这需要时间，”他说。
根据句意可知，Rick说他正在恢复，应选择well，指“身体健康”。结合语境可知，这里暗含有跟以前相比的意思，表示“变得更好”，应用比较级形式。故答案为better。 49．
句意：我喜欢绿色的植物和花。在我的院子里有很多。
这句话使用的是there be句型，表示“有……”。主语为many，指代“很多植物和花”，be动词应用复数，且
这个直接引语中使用的是一般现在时，故答案为are。 50．
句意：我真的很想去。
根据上句话“The next world competition is in Sydney in December.”可知，这里Rick表示想要去参加比赛，因此应选择动词go。句中使用了句型want to do sth.“想要做某事”，动词用原形。故答案为go。
三、2019年
VI.短文填空：
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次。每空只填一个单词。）
It was nine on a cold winter night.I hurried to go home from work on my motorbike.
At the last crossing，while I was____41____for the green light，I saw an old man walking toward
me.He____42____me and I felt a little nervous.The old man said_____43_____“Excuse me.Could you please help me?”I looked at him up and down.He looked about 70 years old.
The old man took out a 10-yuan bill and said to me，\"You see the old lady over there?She is selling baked（烤）sweet potatoes.Could you just____44____.the money and buy one from her?\"He pointed at an old lady selling something about fifty_____45_____away in the corner.
“But why don't you go and buy it___46___?””I was puzzles（迷惑的）.The old man continued.\"That old lady is my wife and it's her___47___. day to sell baked sweet potatoes.Just now I called her.She told me that there was only one sweet potato left and she wouldn't go home until all the sweet potatoes were____48____.
But I know she she can't stand the cold because her legs hurt.I'm very worried about her.\"
At that time，I understood why the old man asked me to buy his ___49___. sweet potato.I felt really warm and moved.Without taking the money，I rode to the old lady quickly and bought the last one.As I waved goodbye to the old man.I____50____see him standing there with a thankful smile. 【答案】 41. waiting 42. stopped 43. slowly
44. take 45. meters 46. yourself 47. first 48. sold 49. wife's 50. could 【解析】 【41题详解】
句意：在最后一个十字路口，当我在等待绿灯时，我看见一个老人朝我走来。
这里是while引导的时间状语从句，用过去进行时，其结构是be doing的形式，短语wait for表示等待。根据题意，故填waiting。 【42题详解】
句意：他拦下我，我感到有点紧张。
根据下文and I felt a little nervous可知这里是拦下了我，用stop的过去式stopped。根据句意，故填stopped。 【43题详解】
句意：老人慢慢地说：“对不起，你能帮我一下吗？
这里是副词修饰动词，这里用slow的副词slowly，意思是“慢地”，根据句意，故填slowly。 【44题详解】
句意：你能拿着钱从她那儿买一个吗？
根据上文She is selling baked（烤）sweet potatoes.可知这里是拿钱买一块红薯。Could you just+动词短语。take the money表示拿钱。根据题意， 故填take。 【45题详解】
句意：他指着一位老太太，她在大约50米远的角落里卖东西。
fifty +名词复数。meter意思是“米”，这里用复数，根据句意，故填meters。 【46题详解】
句意：但是你为什么不自己去买呢？
这里是作者问他为什么不自己去买，这里用your的反身代词yourself你自己。根据题意，故填yourself。
【47题详解】
句意：那个老太太是我的妻子，这是她第一天卖烤红薯。
根据下文to sell baked sweet potatoes可知上文是说是第一填买烤红薯。表示第几天用序数词，one的序数词是first，根据句意，故填first。 【48题详解】
句意：她告诉我只剩下一个红薯了，她要等到所有的红薯都卖完了才回家。
主语是all the sweet potatoes，这里用一般过去时态的被动语态，其结构是were/was done的形式，sell的过去分词是sold。根据句意，故填sold。 【49题详解】
句意：那时，我明白了为什么老人要我买他妻子的红薯。
表示某人的东西，用名词所有格。his wife's sweet potato他妻子的甜红薯。根据句意，故填wife's。 【50题详解】
句意：我可以看到他带着感激的微笑站在那里。
整个短文是过去式，这里用can的过去式，could。根据句意，故填could。
四、2018年
Ⅵ.短文填空:用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,使短文完整正确。(每个单词限用一次。每空只填一个单词。)(共10小题,计10分)
he, happy, baby, save, arm, volunteer, clean, quick, work, turn Wang Ping is a cleaner. He has 61. ________ in a park for 5 years. He is also a good father. Nothing can make him 62. ________ than playing with his little daughter in his free time.
Last Tuesday afternoon, while he was 63. _________ the park, suddenly, he heard a woman crying for help. He ran up 64. ________ to see what happened. The woman's 15-month-old baby girl choked (窒息) on a small piece of pear and her face 65. _________ purple. The baby was too young to save herself, and the mother was so nervous that she didn't know how to save her daughter properly. Luckily, Wang Ping knew what to do. He took the baby in his 66. __________ without thinking twice. With the mother’s help, Wang Ping held the baby upside down and gave her a few pats (轻拍) on the back. After a short while, he succeeded in getting the piece of pear out of her mouth. and the baby began to cry. Her mom was so thankful because her daughter was 67. _________.
Wang Ping tried his best and saved the 68. _________ life. In his mind, helping others is just helping 69. _________. He hoped more people could 70. __________ to help the people in need if possible.
61 worked 62. happier 63. cleaning 64. quickly 65. turned 66. arm/arms 67. saved 68. baby’s 69. himself 70. volunteer
五、2017年
VI. 短文填空: 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次。每空只填一个单词。）（共10小题，计10分）
clear, doctor, happy, raise, find, parents, she, share, well, hope [来源学§科§网] Alice was born with a strange disease. She was taken to many hospitals. None of the 61._______ knew the cause (原因) of the disease. They told her parents she would go blind and deaf.
Now Alice is fifteen years old. Her eyesight and hearing are so poor that she can’t see or hear 62. _______. But she is a bright and happy girl. She says to 63. _______. “Whatever happens, I will never give up.”She 64._______ to enjoy her life. With her 65. ________ help, she is travelling as much as she can. She is also 66. ________ the interesting things she experiences along the way.
She also wants to help people like her. Her dream is to help researchers 67. _______ a method for her disease. If she can get 68. ________, people who have the same disease may also be cured (治愈). In fact, she has 69.________ money for foundation (基金会) fighting the disease since she was in Grade Two. Until now, she has got over $150,000!
Alice thinks helping others can make her 70. ________than having fun alone. She is doing her best to live her life without any regret.
【答案】61. doctors 62. clearly 63. herself 64. hopes 65. parents’ 66. sharing 67. find 68. well/better 69. raised 70. happier
【解析】文章叙述了身患疾病但乐观坚强，同时帮助更多人战胜疾病并需求快乐地女孩Alice的事迹。首先明确所给单词意思：clear,干净，清楚；doctor,医生；happy,快乐；raise,筹集；find,发现，找到；parents,父母；she,她；share,分享；well,好；hope希望；
61. 此处句意：没有医生知道疾病的原因。None of+名词复数，故填doctors。
62. 此处句意：她看不清楚也听不清楚。修饰动词应使用副词，故填clearly。
63. 此处句意：她对自己说，无论发生什么，我绝不放弃。主语与宾语指代同一个人，应使用反身代词，故填herself。
64. 此处句意：她希望享受生活。主语是第三人称单数，故填hopes。
65. 此处句意：在她父母的帮助下。父母为复数，复数名词所有格，故填parents’。 66. 此处句意：她也在分享着沿途经历的有趣的事。现在进行时态，故填sharing。
67. 此处句意：她的梦想是帮助调查者找到一种她疾病的方法。Help sb. do/to do sth. 因没空一词，故填find。
68. 此处句意：如果她变好，有相同疾病的人可能会被治愈。根据语境get后可添加形容词原形或比较级，故填well/better。
69. 此处句意：事实上，在她二年级时就为基金会筹钱以战胜这种疾病。现在完成时态has后，故填raised. 70. 此处句意：Alice认为帮助别人比独自享受更快乐。形容词比较级，故填happier。
六、陕西中考一模
五、短文选词填空
think, high, eight, have, own, give, total, refuse, they, difficult Many people wonder how they can achieve success. Yet they don’t know many achievers have already answered their questions with their achievements. And Charles was one of 41．
As a schoolboy, Charles liked drawing very much, but he was so poor at his lessons. When he was in the 42． grade, he even failed every subject. He lost himself in drawing. One day, a new teacher was 43． a class and saw him drawing. The teacher went over and found he drew so beautifully. So he encouraged Charles to go on with it.
When he was in senior high school, he sent some of his works to the yearbook, but they were 44．. After finishing high school, he sent some of his best works to Walt Disney Studios. He thought these works showed the 45． level（水平）of his, but they were given back again. They said his drawing style was 46． different from Disney’s.
Repeated failures didn’t make him give up his hope. Instead, he decided to tell his 47． story in cartoons. The
main hero was a little boy who made people 48． of their own past. So it caught much attention at once. Today his cartoon works 49． become a symbol. People can tell his name at the first sight whether they are young or old.
Charles’s story tells us that we all face 50． from time to time. If we hold fast to our dream and work hard for it, our dream will come true some day. 【答案】 41．them 42．eighth 43．giving 44．refused 45．highest 46．totally 47．own 48．think 49．have 50．difficulties 【解析】 41．
句意：查尔斯就是其中之一。根据“Yet they don’t know many achievers have already answered their questions with their achievements.”和备选词汇可知，空格处表达“他们”之一，“of”后接宾格，故空格处填“they”的宾格“them”。故填them。 42．
句意：八年级时，他甚至每门功课都不及格。根据“When he was in the … grade”和备选词汇可知，空格处表达“八年级”，用序数词，“eight”的序数词是“eighth”。故填eighth。 43．
句意：一天，一个新老师正在上课，看见他在画画。根据“and saw him drawing”和备选词汇可知，空格处表达“在上课”，根据“was”可知，该句为过去进行时，谓语结构是：was/were+动词的现在分词，“give”的现在分词是“giving”。故填giving。 44．
句意：上高中时，他把自己的一些作品送到年鉴上，但遭到拒绝。根据“When he was in senior high school, he sent some of his works to the yearbook, but…”和备选词汇可知，空格处表达“拒绝”，根据“were”可知，该句为一般过去时的被动语态，其谓语结构是：was/were+动词的过去分词，“refuse”的过去分词是“refused”。故填refused。 45．
句意：他认为这些作品显示了他的最高水平，但是他们又被退回来了。根据“After finishing high school, he sent some of his best works to Walt Disney Studios.”和备选词汇可知，“high”空格处表达“最高”水平，该句用最高级，的最高级是“highest”。故填highest。 46．
句意：他们说他的绘画风格和迪斯尼完全不同。根据“but they were given back again”和备选词汇可知，空格处表达“完全”不同，修饰形容词“different”，填副词，“total”的副词是“totally”。故填totally。 47．
句意：相反，他决定用卡通片讲述自己的故事。根据“Repeated failures didn’t make him give up his hope.”和备选词汇可知，空格处表达“自己的”故事，用“own”。故填own。 48．
句意：主角是一个让人们想起自己过去的小男孩。根据“their own past”和备选词汇可知，空格处表达“想起”，用think of。make sb. do sth.使某人做某事。故填think。 49．
句意：今天他的卡通作品已经成为一种象征。根据语境可知，该句为现在完成时，其谓语结构是：have/has+动词的过去分词，主语“his cartoon works”是复数，用“have”。故填have。 50．
句意：查尔斯的故事告诉我们，我们都偶尔会面临困难。根据“If we hold fast to our dream and work hard for it, our dream will come true some day.”和备选词汇可知，空格处表达面对“困难”，结合语境可知，此处填可数名词复数，“difficult”的名词是difficulty，其复数形式是“difficulties”。故填difficulties。
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