1.介词+名词 by accident 偶尔
on account of 因为，由于，为了……的缘故
in addition to 别的，加之
in addition 除…之外(还) in the air 传播中
on (the／an) average 按平均值，通常
on the basis of 根据，在…的基础上
at best 充其量，至多 for the better 好转，向好的方向发展
on board 在船(车或飞机)上
out of breath 喘不过气来 on business 因公，因事 in any case 无论如何，不管怎样
in case of 假如，如果发
生；防备
in case 假使，以防(万一) in no case 决不，无论如何不
by chance 偶尔，碰巧 in charge (of) 负责，管理
(a)round the lock 日夜不断地
in common 共用的，共有的 in conclusion 最后，总之 on condition (that) 如果 in consequence of 由于…的缘故，因为
on the contrary 正相反 in contrast with／to 与…对比起来，与…形成对比 out of control 失去节制 under control 处于节制之下
at all cots 不吝任何代价，无论如何
at the cost of 以…为代价
in the course of 在…过程中，在…期间
of course 当然，自然 in danger 在危险中，垂危 out of danger 脱离危险 out of date 过时的，不必的
up to date 现代化的，切合今朝情况的
in demand 非常需要的，受欢迎的
in debt 欠债，负债
in detail 详细他
in difficulties 处境坚苦 in the distance 在远处 off duty 下了班(的)，不在值班(的)
on duty 在上班(的)，在值班(的)
on earth 毕竟，到底
at all events 无论如何，不管怎样
in any event 无论如何，不管怎样
in the event of 万一，倘若
for example 例如
in the face of 在…眼前；掉臂
in fact 其实，实际上 in favo(u)r of 赞同，支持
on fire 着火，起火 on foot 步行
in force 生效，有效；在实施中；大量的
in front of 在…眼前，在…前面
in future 此后，从今以后 in the future 在将来 in general 一般说来，大体上
on (one's) guard 警觉，提防；站岗，值班 in half 成两半
at hand 近在手边，在附近 by hand 用手，用体力 hand down 把…传下去
hand in hand 手拉手；紧密亲密关联地，同时并进地 in hand (工作等)在停止中；在节制中
on hand 在手边，在近处 on (the) one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另外一方面
at heart 心坎里，实质上 by heart 凭记性
at home 在家，在国内；舒适，无羁绊；熟悉，精晓
in hono(u)r of 为纪念，为了向…暗示敬意
on／upon one's hono(u)r 以名望担保
in a hurry 匆忙，急于 for instance 例如；比方 at intervals 不时，每隔一段时间(或间隔)
at (long) last 终于 at least 至少
at length 终于，最终；详细地
in (the) light of 鉴于，由于
2．动词+名词
have／gain access to 可以获得
take…into account 思索到，顾及，体谅
take advantage of 占…的便宜，操纵
pave the way (for) 铺平道路，为…作准备
pay attention to 注意 do／try one's best 极力，尽力
get／have the best of 战胜
make the best of 充分操纵
get／have the better of 战胜，在…中占上风
catch one's breath 屏息；喘气，气喘；歇口吻 take care 注意，当心 take care of 爱护，照料
take a chance 冒险，投机 take charge 开端管理，接收
keep…company 陪同
take (a) delight in 以…为乐
make a difference 有影响，起(重要)作用
carry／bring／put into effect 使生效，实行，实现 come／go into effect 生效，实施
take effect 生效，起作用 catch sb's eye 被或人看到，引起或人注意
keep an eye on 留心，照看，紧密亲密注意
make a face 做鬼脸
find fault with 抱怨，挑剔，找岔子
catch (on) fire 着火，开端燃烧
make fiends (with) 与(…)交朋友
be friends with 与…友好 make fun of 取笑，拿…恶作剧
keep sb's head 坚持镇静 in the world 毕竟，到底 lose sb's head 慌乱，仓促失措
lose heart 丧失勇气，失去信心
get／catch／take hold of 抓住，得到
keep house 管理家务
throw／cast light on／upon 使人懂得，说明
bear／keep in mind 记住 have in mind 思索到，想到
make up one's mind 下定决计，打定主意
bring／
put
into
operation 实施，使生效，使运行
come／go into operation 施行，实行，生效
keep pace (with) 与(…)齐步前进，与(…)八两半斤 play a part (in) 起作用，参与，饰演脚色
take place 发生，停止，进行
take the place of 代替，取代
put into practice 实施，实行
make progress 前进，停顿 give rise to 引起，导致为…的原因
make sense 讲得通，有意义，言之有理
catch sight of 发现，突然看见
(go) on the stage 当演员 take one's time 不着急，不慌忙
keep track of 与…坚持接洽
lose track of 失去与…的接洽，不克不及跟上…的停顿
make use of 操纵 put to use 使用
give way 让路；屈服，让步；倒塌，坍陷
make one's way 前往，行进，去
make way 让路，腾出地方或位置
appeal to 呼吁，哀告 attempt at 企图，尽力 attitude to/towards 态度，观点
a great/good deal of 大量，非常，极其
influence in 干涉，参与 interference with 妨碍，打扰
introduction to 先容 a lot (of) 许多（的），大量（的）
lots of 大量，许多
fall in love (with sb) 爱上（或人）
reply to 回答，答复
trolley bus 电车 I.D. card 身份证 credit card 信用卡 no doubt 无疑地，很能够 next door 隔壁 out of doors 在户外 face to face 面临面地 a few 有些，几个
quite a few 很多，相当多 a little 一点，一些
little by little 逐渐地，一点点地
quite a little 相当多，很多
no matter 无论
the moment (that) 一…(就)
no more 不再
fair play 公平比赛，公平对待
rest room 厕所，盥洗室 primary school 小学
side by side 肩并肩地，一起
heart and soul 全心全意 step by step 逐步地 ahead of time 提前 all the time 一直，始终 once upon a time 从前 once in a while 偶尔 no wonder 难怪，其实不奇怪
word for word 逐字地 decline with thanks 婉言谢绝
四、六级听力常常使用短语
1) take a rain check 改天吧 Model: [1998.8.北美(29)] -- Can you come over for dinner tonight? (今天晚上来吃
饭
好
吗
？
)
-- I'm up to my ears in work, so I'll have to take a rain check.
(我工作很忙，改日
吧.)2) lost count 弄不清楚 Model: [2000.1.(21)
-- Ever since your
girlfriend moved to 4) make yourself at home 随意
，
随
便
Bridgeport, you are always driving there. How many trips a week do you make anyway?
(自从你的女友搬到Bridgeport，你总是开车去看她.一周
去几次
啊？
)
--I have lost count, but I can do it with my eyes closed.
(搞不清楚了，但我闭着
眼也能摸过去.)
3) be in another world 精力恍惚；魂不守舍
Model:
[1996.5.(25)]
-- Pete's really out of it these days.(Pete 这几天有点
心
不
在
焉
.)
-- Yeah, I know. Ever since he met Ann, he's been in another world.
(我同意.自从他遇见Ann,
他就魂不守舍了.)
Model: [1999.8.(7)]
-- Do you mind if I take off my jacket?(你介怀我脱下夹
克
吗
？
)
-- Of course not, make yourself at home.(当然不介怀
，
随
意
一
点
！
5) save your breath 省口吻吧；别白搭口舌了
Model: [1995.10.(14)]
-- Hey? John! John!(嘿，John! John!)
-- Save your breath.
He\"s out of earshot.(省口吻吧.他已经听不到了.)
6) make sense 有意义，懂得 Model:
[1999.1.(29)]
-- The plot of that
movie is hard to follow.(那部电影的情节很难跟得上.) -- It makes more sense the second time.(再看一遍就
懂得了.)
7) cost sb. an arm and a leg 非
常
昂
贵
month. (这几个月我花钱如流水.也
许
下
个
月
吧
.)
9)fill one's shoes 很好地顶替；使人称心地替代 Model: [1999.1.(4)]
--Did you see the
diamond ring Bill gave to Linda?
(你看到Bill送给Linda的钻戒
了
吗
？
)
--I sure did. It must have cost him an arm and a leg.
(当然了.那一定很昂贵.)
8) burn a hole in one's pocket 很快地被花光
Model:
[1997.10 ]
--Have you saved enough to buy that new printer for your computer yet?
(你攒足钱给你的电脑买
一台新打印机了吗？) --You know money seems to be burning a hole in my pocket lately . Maybe next
Model:
[1997.8.]
--Have you heard that Professor Jones is retiring?
(你听说Jones传授要退
休
了
吗
？
)
--Yes. The faculty won't find anyone to fill her shoes.
(是的.学校将很难找到合
适的人来代替她.) 10)is ice cold 暗示天经地义
Model:
[1995.10.]
--Does Prof. Ford always come to class? (Ford传授总是来
上
课
吗
？
)
--Is ice cold? (当然了.)
11)like apples and
oranges 用来暗示无法相比的事物
Model: [1997.1.] (你打断了我的思考，我
忘记我在想什么了.) 14)meet each other half way 相互妥协，让步 --Which game do you
think is more difficult to learn, chess or bridge?
(你认为桥牌和象棋哪一
个
更
难
学
?)
--They are like apples and oranges. (它俩没法比较.) 12)look for a needle in a hay stack 大海捞针
Model:
[1990.1.]
--We are supposed to
meet John here at the train station.
(我们要在火车站接John.)
--That's like looking
for a needle in a hay stack . (那可真是大海捞针.) 13)lose one's train of 忘记
Model:
[1995.1.]
--When you interrupted me, you made me lose my train of thought.
Model:
[1992.8.]
--My chemistry project is in trouble because my partner and I had totally different ideas about how to proceed.
(我的化学课题出问题了.在停顿问题上，我与我的合作者意见完全
分
歧
.)
--You should try to meet each other half way. (你们应该
相
互
妥
协
.)
15)on the dot 准时；正点
Model:
[1992.8.]
--Did you and Amanda
really meet exactly five minutes to two in front of the theatre? (你和Amanda确实在差5分两点的时候到达剧院门
口
了
吗
？
)
--Yes, we were both 他听不见.)
there on the dot. (是的，我俩
都
准
点
到
达
.)
18)out of this world 非常好
16)once and for all 最后一次
；干
脆
Model:
[1996.1.]
--I am going to tell that neighbor of mine to turn down that music once and for all.(我要最后一次告诉我阿谁邻人把音乐声关小.)
--I see why you are
angry. But I've always found that the polite route is the most effective. (我大白你为什么末路火.但我总感觉礼貌的方式是最有效的.) 17)out of earshot 不在听力所
及范
围
Model:
[1995.10.]
--Hey? John! John! (嗨! John!
John!
)
--Save your breath. He's out of earshot. (省口吻吧，
Model:
[1995.10.]
--Have you tried Susan's apple pie? (你试过Susan的苹果
派
吗
？
)
--I got the last piece. And it was out of this world.
(我拿到最后一块.好吃极了
.)
19)play by ear 随机应变，视
情
形
而
定
Model: [1989.8.]
--Marty, are you doing anything special for your presentation in political science tomorrow? (Marty，你在为今天的政治学演讲准备与众分歧的资料
吗？
)
--Not really, because
the class so often turns into a discussion, I've decided to play it by ear.
(不.那门课常常最后变成讨论.我决议视情形而定.) 20) ring a bell 使人想起某件事；听起来耳熟
Model:
[1992.10.]
--It's six of one and half-a-dozen of the other. (
两门无甚不
同
.)
23)stick around 在附近逗留或等
待
--That name just doesn't ring a bell with me. (阿谁名字我一点也不熟.)
21)share a common outlook 有共同
的
观
点
Model: [1991.1.]
--Jeff and Alan share a common outlook on life.
(Jeff 和Alan对于生活有共同
的
观
点
.)
22)six of one and half-a-dozen of the other 各有千秋；没
什
么
区
别
Model: [1989.1.]
--I can't decide whether to take anthropology or geology this term.
(我决议不了这学期是选人类学
还
是
地
理
课
.)
Model:
[1995.5.]
--Leaving the party so soon? We're just getting ready to cut the cake. (这么早就要走？我们刚准备要切蛋糕
.)
--Sorry, I can't stick around. (对不起，我不克不及继续待在这儿了.) 24)stick with 继续做，坚持
Model:
[1996.8.]
--I wonder what this new flavor of ice cream tastes like?
(我想知道这种新的冰激凌是
什
么
味
道
？
)
--I tried it last week. If I were you, I would stick
with an old favorite.
(上周我吃过，若我是你，我会继续吃以前爱吃的那种.) 25)straighten out 扯平；不
(昨晚我辗转反侧，怎么也睡
着
)
27)turn one's back (在他人遇到坚苦时)不肯帮忙 结清
Model:
[1996.1.]
--I almost forgot. I
still owe you ten dollars from the other night. Do you have change for a twenty? (我差点忘了.不久前的一个晚上我借了你10块钱，到现在还没还呢，你现在能找开20元的吗
？
)
--Oh, not at the moment. Let's just straighten it out some other time. (哦，现在不克不及.以后再结清吧.) 26)toss and turn (身体)翻来覆去(通常暗示难以入睡)
Model:
[1993.1.]
--Last night I tossed and turned in bed, too exhausted to sleep.
Model:
[1990.10.]
--He'll turn his back on me if I ask for money.
(我若向他借钱，他就会不睬
我
.)
28)under the weather 身体不
适
，
生
病
Model: [1996.10.(26)]
--It's good to see you, Mary. How have you been?
(看见你真高兴，Mary.你好吗
？
)
--Actually I have been feeling under the weather recently.
(其实这两天我身子不大舒
服
.)
29)bite off more than one can chew 贪多嚼不烂；心有余而力缺乏；量入为出；力所能及
Model:
--I hear you've been
taking an advanced physics course this semester. How's it going? (我听说这学期你在上高等物理课.这门课怎么样？) --I think I've bitten off more than I can chew. (我是心有余而力缺乏啊.) 30)break new ground 创新
Model:
--His architectural design broke new ground in the field.
(他的建筑设计是这个范畴里的
创
新
.)
31)do the trick 做成功；达到
抱负
的
成
果
Model: --I've been trying to get the furnace started, but I can't find the right switch. (我极力想让炉子燃起来，可不知道该按哪一个键.)
--Here, I believe this one in the back will do the trick. (这里，我相信后面按这个键，可让炉子燃起来.) 32)drag one's feet 行动缓慢；磨磨蹭蹭不情愿
Model:
--How's Bob coming along on his dissertation proposal? (Bob的论文计划停顿地
怎么
样
了
？
)
--He's really been
dragging his feet. (他很磨蹭的
.)
33)draw the line 回绝，拒不容
忍
Model:
--Paul expects me to
clean the room every week.
(Paul想让我每周打扫房
间
.)
--That's where I draw the line. (可是我相对不会答应
的
.
34)feel down in the dumps 心情欠好；情绪低落 Model:
--Kate
was
really
feeling down in the dumps about her latest chemistry assignment. (Kate为最近的化学作业成绩感到很懊丧.) 35)few and far between 未几；少而分散的；不常碰到或发现
的；
稀
少
的
Model:
--Steve is really a terrific guy. (Steve真是不简单
.)
--He sure is. Ones like him are few and far between.
(当然.像他那样的人可未
几
见
.)
36)fit as a fiddle 身体很健
康
Model:
-- Harry! How have you been? I haven't seen you in
ages.
(Harry，你好吗？好久
没
看
见
你
了
.)
--I'm fit as a fiddle. This exercise program I'm following is terrific.
(我身体好极了.我正停止
的这个锻炼计划太棒了.) 37)grin and bear 任劳任怨；毫无怨言地忍受
Model:
--Carla,I can't take this
job
any
longer.
(Carla，我不克不及再做这份工作
了
.)
--If you need the money, you'll just have to grin and bear it.
( 如果你需要钱，你就
得忍耐.) 38)hit the spot (特指吃了食物，喝了饮料之后)精力完全恢复过来或感到知足；恢复精
力；
提
精
力
Model:
--This Lemonade sure hits the spot.(柠檬汁太提神了
.)
--And how! (当然了！) 39)keep between the two of us 不让第三者知道，保密
Model:
--What I'm going to say is rather personal, so let's keep between the two of us. (我要讲的纯属私事，所以希望你
能
保
密
.)
40)know a thing or two about 略知
一
二
Model:
--Do you think Andy
could help us plan the camping
trip
to
West
Virginia? (你认为Andy会帮我们计划去西弗吉尼亚州野营吗？) --Well, since he spends every summer there, he might know a thing or two about it. (能够吧.他每一个夏天都去那
儿，应该知道一些事儿.)
41)leave no stone
unturned 全力以赴；全力以赴
Model:
--Lynn left no stone
unturned in her research, and handed in an excellent paper. (Lynn全力以赴做她的研究，交了一篇优秀的论文.) 42)on cloud nine 沉浸在幸福之中；非常高兴
Model:
--Marcia looks like
she's on cloud nine. Do you know what made her so happy? (Marcia好象沉浸在幸福之中.你知道她为什么这么高兴吗？) --She just had a paper accepted for publication.
(她有一篇文章要发表了.)
43)on the tip of one's tongue 一时想不起来，话到嘴边又忘
记
Model:
--Are you sure you can't remember the name of that record?
(你必定记不起来那张唱
片
的
名
字
吗
？
)
--It's just on the tip of my tongue! (我就是一时想不
起
来
了
.
44)reach the bottom of the barrel 用完，弹尽粮绝
Model:
--Don't you have any other clean shirts? (你还有其它干净衬衫吗？) --I guess I've reached the bottom of the barrel. (我想我已经用完了.) 45)rub sb. the wrong way 使(或人)有点末路火；惹怒；引起反感；烦扰，打搅
Model:
--What do you think of our new economics instructor? (你感觉新经济学教师怎
么样？)
--I
don't
know.
Something about him rubs me the wrong way.
(不知怎么的，他有点
让
我
反
感
.)
46)scratch the surface 只懂皮毛，很不懂得(通常和限制性副词如only,hardly等词连用)
Model:
--You've certainly done a lot of research for your project.
(你显然对你的课题
做
了
很
多
研
究
.)
--It seems like a lot, but
actually
I've
only
scratched the surface.
(看上去很多，但事
实上我只懂一些毛皮.) 47)up in the air 尚未决议的；捉摸不定的；悬而未决的
Model:
--Her plans for the weekend are still up in the air.
(她尚未决议如何度过
这
个
周
末
.)
48)wear and tear 磨损；消耗
Model:
--Why do you always put on slippers when you go into your apartment? (为什么你总是一进公寓就穿上拖鞋？) --It saves wear and tear on the carpet. (拖鞋不磨损地毯
.)
49)with flying colors 大获全
胜；
胜
利
地
Model:
--How did Ellen do on her Ancient History exam?
(Ellen古代史考得怎
么
样
？
)
--She passed with flying colors. (她考得好极了.)
50)get off on the wrong foot 开端就不顺利；一开端就犯
了个错
误
Model:
[1995.5.]
--I hate to get off on the wrong foot. (我讨厌一开端就
犯
错
误
.)
51)get on someone's
nerves 使人不安，使人心烦
Model:
[1996.8.]
--Why did you come to the meeting late? I left a message with your roommate about the time change. (为什么你闭会迟到？我让你的同屋告诉你改时间的事了.) --She has a very short memory and it really gets on my nerves sometimes. (她记性欠好，有时真让我心烦.) 52)give someone a break 不要去管，饶了或人吧
Model:
[1994.5.]
--Give me a break. I'm
nervous enough as it is.
(不要管我，我已经够严重了
.)
53)head and shoulders above (在…方面)强于或人 Model: [1991.10.]
--In
computer
programming, Susan is head and shoulders above the rest of us.(在计算机编程上，Susan比
我
们
强
.)
54)in the red 赤字，负债
Model:
[1996.5.]
--So far the clubs are about three hundred dollars in the red, and we still have four months to go before membership renewal. ( 到今朝为止，俱乐部有300元赤字，然而还有4个月才到交会员
费
的
时
间
.)
--Well, we may have to raise our dues.(那末，我们必须提高会员费了.)
55)in the dark 一无所知；不
懂
得
情
况
Model: [1994.1.]
--Do you have any idea what this notice is about?
(你知道这通知讲的是什么吗
？
)
--I'm as in the dark as you are. (我也跟你一样不懂得情况.)
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