全国卷3年考点分布表
综合上表可知，高考阅读七选五的考查以说明文为主，题材主要为介绍说明，内容更贴近生活、贴近时代；题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为辅。选题更具有浓厚的时代气息，更符合高中英语教学实际，并越来越与学生的学习经历和生活经历相关联，引导考生关爱自我，关爱社会。
A
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Color is fundamental in home design—something you’ll always have in every room.A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in.Do you want a room that’s full of life? Professional？Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day？__36__，color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.
Over the years，there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point.__37__，they can get a little complex.But good news is
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that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones，the medium ones，and the large ones.
__38__．They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows，mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms.Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa，small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.
Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas，dinner tables or bookshelves.__39__．They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones，and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.
The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls，ceilings，and floors.Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint，the time，effort and relative expense put into it are significant.__40__． A．While all of them are useful B．Whatever you’re looking for C．If you’re experimenting with a color
D．Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with E．It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces F．So it pays to be sure，because you want to get it right the first time
G．Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways 【语篇解读】 文章主要讲述了颜色在家庭装饰中的巨大作用，并介绍了三种设计方案。
36．B [上文给出了不同的房间风格选择，第一段最后一句又说到“making a room feel the way you want it to feel”可知，此处指不管你在寻找哪种风格，颜色是关键。]
37．A [结合第二段第一句中的“a number of different techniques”以及最后一句给出的三种设计方案可知，此处表示“虽然这些技巧非常有用，但它们会有一点复杂”，故A项符合语境。]
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38．D [第二段最后一句出现了“the small ones，the medium ones，and the large ones”，第三段提到了“small color choices”，由此可知空处所在段主要在讲“the small ones”，故选D。]
39．G [第四段最后一句提到了“a bigger commitment than smaller ones”和“a more powerful effect”可知，此处是和上文中的“small color choices”作对比，故选G。] 40．F [根据第五段第二句提到的“the time，effort and relative expense put into it are significant”可知，此处意在强调所花费的时间、精力和费用是巨大的，由此可推知选F。]
B
(2017·全国卷Ⅰ) If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping，I would have laughed heartily.Campers，in my eyes，were people who enjoyed insect bites，ill－cooked meals，and uncomfortable sleeping bags.They had nothing in common with me.__36__ The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer.__37__ We slept in a tent，cooked over an open fire，and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work，recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my son’s food poisoning.
I was，nevertheless，talked into going on another fun－filled holiday in the wilderness.__38__ Instead，we had a pop－up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.My nature－loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.
__39__ We have done a lot of it since.Recently，we bought a twenty－eight－foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built－in TV set.There is a separate bedroom，a modern kitchen with a refrigerator.The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
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__40__ It must be true that sooner or later，everyone finds his or her way back to nature.I recommend that you find your way in style. A．This time there was no tent. B．Things are going to be improved. C．The trip they took me on was a rough one.
D．I was to learn a lot about camping since then，however. E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. F．After the trip，my family became quite interested in camping. G．There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了作者由一名不喜欢野营的人转变成一名野营爱好者的故事，并呼吁大家多亲近大自然。
36．D [本题为段尾题。本句起承上启下的作用，从一、二段的关系看，二者是转折关系，第一段主要讲述了作者以前不喜欢野营，第二段讲述了在朋友的引导下开始进行野营，故本题应该选择D项“I was to learn a lot about camping since then，however.”。]
37．C [本题为段中题。根据下文“This brief visit with ...my son’s food poisoning.”可知，这次野营并不顺利。故本题应该选择C项“The trip they took me on was a rough one.”。]
38．A [本题为段中题。根据下文中的“Instead，we had a pop－up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.”并结合前文可知，作者这次野营没有带帐篷，故本题应该选择A项“This time there was no tent.”。]
39．F [本题为段首题。本句起承上启下的作用，从前后文看，作者通过这次旅行，开始喜欢上了野营，故本题应该选择F项“After the trip，my family became quite interested in camping.”。]
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40．E [本题为段首题。根据前后文作者越来越喜欢上了野营，并建议大家也要多亲近大自然可知，本题应该选择E项“I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.”。]
C
(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Secret codes(密码)keep messages private.Banks，companies，and government agencies use secret codes in doing business，especially when information is sent by computer.
People have used secret codes for thousands of years.__36__ Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making.The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.
There are three main types of cryptography.__37__ For example，the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”
__38__You might represent each letter with a number，for example.Let’s number the letters of the alphabet，in order，from 1 to 26.If we substitute a number for each letter，the message “Meet me” would read “135520135.”
A code uses symbols to replace words，phrases，or sentences.To read the message of a real code，you must have a code book.__39__ For example，“bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” __40__However，it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So codes must be changed frequently.
A．It is very hard to break a code without the code book. B．In any language，some letters are used more than others. C．Only people who know the keyword can read the message. D．As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them. E．You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. F．With a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words. G．Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.
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【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了密码的设置和破解的方法。比如利用该字母在字母表中排序的数字来代表该字母，或者利用一些单词的首字母来组成一个密码等。
36．D [本题为段中题。后句内容可以判断该空应该和密码的破译有关，故判断D项内容As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them.符合语境逻辑，可以承接上下文。]
37．E [本题为段中题。后面举的例子是来证明人们设置密码时往往会利用一些单词的第一个字母来作为密码，由此判断E选项内容符合语境逻辑。] 38．G [本题为段首题。根据后面的解释内容可以判断这是介绍密码设置的又一种方法，故G选项内容Another way to hid a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.符合语境。]
39．F [本题为段中题。根据后面的举例以及前句中的a code book可以判断该句是介绍密码书的使用，故判断F选项With a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words.可以起到承上启下的作用。]
40．A [本题为段中题。根据空后内容的转折可知尽管利用密码书可以破译密码，但是一本密码书也不会使用很久的时间，故判断A选项It is very hard to break a code without the code book.符合语境。]
《考试说明》对该题型命题目的的表述为“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握”。主要考查考生的逻辑能力，包括整篇语言逻辑和句与句之间上下文逻辑关系的判断；备选答案中含有两个干扰选择，这两个干扰选项在表面上看往往与正确答案有一定的相关性，这给考生解题带来很大的困难；文章篇幅较长，解题时间有限，选错一题甚至可以造成两题出错。该
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题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握，并具备运用语法知识分析理解长难句的能力。可以说，此题型是对语言能力和阅读理解能力的综合测试，因此在要求上远远高于这两种题型，考生有必要对这类题型的答题思路多练习，以提高自己在这个部分的应试能力。此题型应从以下几个方面入手： 技巧1 依据词汇线索
词汇线索主要包括代词线索和词汇复现两种情况。 1．代词线索
英语表达中，代词出现的频率极高。代词主要是为避免重复，用于指代前面提到的人或物，有时也用于指代前面提到的名词或概念。巧妙利用这样的指代关系可以有效地帮助我们做出正确的选择。
[典例] (2018·全国卷Ⅲ)“I adore dancing，” says Lester Bridges，the owner of a dance studio in Iowa.“I can’t imagine doing anything else with my life.” Bridges runs dance classes for all ages.“Teaching dance is wonderful.__37__ It’s great to watch them.For many of them，it’s a way of meeting people and having a social life.”
A．So why do we dance?
B．Dance in the U．S.is everywhere.
C．If you like dancing outdoors，come to America. D．My older students say it makes them feel young. E．I keep practicing even when I’m extremely tired. F．Dancing seems to change their feeling completely. G．They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.
答案 D [本句起到承上启下的作用。根据设空前一句“Teaching dance is wonderful”可知，下文应与教别人跳舞有关，又根据设空后一句“It’s great to watch them”中的“them”可知，待填句中应包含一个表示人的复数名词，故选D。] 2．词汇复现
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词汇复现指相同词汇的重复使用、同义词和近义词的复现或同一范畴词的复现。英语的线性思维表现为第一句话的宾语，往往是第二句的主语，或者前后句有相同或重叠的词语。这种前后句语义的衔接常以句子中关键词(常为名词、动词、形容词)的同义词、近义词(组)或反义词(组)复现的方式来实现。解题时可以利用这些词作为解题线索。
[典例] (2017·全国卷Ⅱ)When you need to talk to someone，don’t do it in your own office.__39__，it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are. A．If you’re busy，don’t feel bad about saying no B．When you want to avoid interruptions at work C．Set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goes D．If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area E．It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available F．It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you G．Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not
答案 D [解答本题可利用词汇复现作为解题线索。对比本空以及所给的选项，可以看出空格前的in your own office与D项中的in the other person’s office相对应。前文说“不要在自己的办公室谈事情”，后文说“如果你在别人的办公室或公共场合，借口要回去工作要容易得多”才是符合语境的。] 技巧2 依据逻辑和衔接关系
文章由段落组成，围绕中心话题展开。各段、句之间形成一定的语义逻辑关系，有总分、并列、层递、转折、对比、解释、例证、因果关系等。“七选五”阅读理解的解题策略之一就是理清这些关系，并据此选出正确答案。我们要熟记常见的逻辑关系的标识词。如：
(1)表示转折关系：however，though，yet，on the contrary等； (2)表示因果关系：so，therefore，thus，as a result等； (3)表示顺序：at first，later，after，finally等；
(4)表示并列与递进关系：and，what’s more，not only...but also，firstly，secondly
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等；
(5)表示列举：some...others，the second...，the third...，for one thing...for another等。
[典例] (2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Before there was the written word，there was the language of dance.Dance expresses love and hate，joy and sorrow，life and death，and everything else in between.
__36__ We dance from Florida to Alaska，from north to south and sea to sea.We dance at weddings，birthdays，office parties and just to fill the time. A．So why do we dance?
B．Dance in the U．S.is everywhere.
C．If you like dancing outdoors，come to America. D．My older students say it makes them feel young. E．I keep practicing even when I’m extremely tired. F．Dancing seems to change their feeling completely. G．They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.
答案 B [待填处为本段主题句，与本段后面的内容构成“总——分”关系。根据We dance from Florida to Alaska，from north to south and sea to sea.We dance at weddings，birthdays，office parties and just to fill the time.可知，舞蹈在美国无处不在。]
技巧3 依据空格位置 1．空格在段首
在一段的第一句设空的内容通常是该段的主旨句，解题时需要通过认真研读该段的内容，然后从选项中查找下文的同义词或其他相关的词或句，从而确定答案。 [典例] (2018·全国卷Ⅱ)·__39__ Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening.Exercise energizes you，so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited. A．You will stick to your diet.
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B．Your quality of sleep improves. C．You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D．There is no reason you should exercise in the morning. E．You can keep your head clear for 4－10 hours after exercise. F．After you exercise，you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G．If you are planning to do exercise regularly，or you’re doing it now，then listen up! 答案 B [本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们挤出时间锻炼身体的好处，而晨练的好处更大，对身体和工作都有所裨益。此空是本段的中心句，根据本段内容可知，本段主要讲了晨练对睡眠的益处，所以选B“你的睡眠质量提高了”。空后一句中的“slept better”是关键信息。] 2．空格在段中
段中设空可为段落主题句或展开句。解题时要注意分析空前后的逻辑关系。设空除了可能是以转折手法引出的主题句，或者是用来承上启下的过渡句，也可能是补充前文的具体事实、事例和说明。因此第一步需要依据信息词将部分选项排除之后，把剩下的几个可能正确的选项依次代入设空处，最终确定哪个选项和空白处前后内容能达到语意连贯，逻辑关系清晰，从而得出正确答案。
[典例] (2017·全国卷Ⅱ)When people try to interrupt you，have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then.__38__．It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions. A．If you’re busy，don’t feel bad about saying no B．When you want to avoid interruptions at work C．Set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goes D．If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area E．It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available F．It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you G．Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not 答案 E [空前一句说“当有人试图打扰你时，提出新的沟通时间，让他们在预
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约时间过来或者你去找他们”，空格后说“这样做能帮助你消除未来受到打扰的可能”，E项“让他们知道你什么时候有空是很重要的”可起承上启下的作用，故选E。] 3．空格在段尾
段尾句多为承上启下句或总结、概括句。解题时可从这个角度去思考：这一空是归纳本段主旨还是引出下一段的内容？如果在选项中找不出与前文的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否体现出了衔接。认真阅读下一段的开头几句，看是否能与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。
[典例] (2018·全国卷Ⅰ)The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls，ceilings，and floors.Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint，the time，effort and relative expense put into it are significant.__40__． A．While all of them are useful B．Whatever you’re looking for C．If you’re experimenting with a color
D．Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with E．It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces F．So it pays to be sure，because you want to get it right the first time
G．Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways 答案 F [本文是一篇说明文。颜色是房间设计的基本要素之一。文章介绍了大、中、小三种规模物品的颜色选择及各自的特点。根据本段提到的“the time，effort and relative expense put into it are significant”可知，此处意在强调所花费的时间、精力和费用是巨大的，由此可推知选F。]
总之，七选五这种高考阅读题型，首先不能完全按照传统阅读题的方法，一定要把握上下文的逻辑关系。尤其是段落之间的承上启下的逻辑关系。其次，具体做题时，要把重点放在空白处的上一句和下一句，根据逻辑关系，对选项做出大胆预测。只要我们抓住字词句段乃至语篇，以逻辑关系为抓手，从语境、空格位置和关联词入手，七选五这道试题就很容易被突破。
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阅读七选五专练一
A
(2018·石家庄第一次质量检测)
A gratitude journal is a great way to keep yourself in a positive state of mind.This article will offer some tips for starting and keeping one.
◆Make it a rule to write down things you are thankful for per day.__1__ This will make writing the journal more challenging as time goes on，but that’s how your awareness and thankfulness will grow.You’ll find new things to be thankful for that you hardly noticed before.
◆Write about extended material things in your life.__2__ For example，if you love to paint，you may be grateful for the paints that you have.Or，if you like music，you may be grateful for your CD collections.
◆ __3__You can start by feeling grateful to be alive.Avoid the trap of being grateful for something that is better than what others have.Instead，compare whatever you are grateful for with how you would feel if you didn’t have it.
◆Think about your abilities.You may start with basic abilities like your ability to see and hear.__4__Think about skillful things like dancing and singing，and your character like your skills in cheering up people or your skills in being a good friend. ◆Consider the people in your life.Think about all the people you are grateful to and write down the reasons.It’s also good to write about the people that you don’t really like and find a reason to appreciate them.__5__ After all，there is good in everyone. A．Avoid repeating the same things.
B．Describe how you are grateful for what you have. C．This can be difficult but very uplifting. D．Then progress to those that are unique to you. E．Feel grateful for any advantage you may have. F．These things vary greatly depending on your interests. G．In this way，everything will become more heartwarming.
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【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一些写感恩日志的建议。 1．A [上文提到把你每天感恩的事情写下来，下文提到随着时间的推移，这会使写日志变得更具挑战性，并且你会发现以前几乎没有注意到的值得感恩的事情。A项表示避免重复同样的事情，前后语义衔接，故选A项。]
2．F [下文说，如果你喜欢画画，你可能会感激你所拥有的颜料，或者，如果你喜欢音乐，你可能会感激你的CD收藏。F项表示这些事情会因你的兴趣而有很大不同，前后逻辑一致，其中love to paint和like music与interests对应，故选F项。]
3．B [结合其他段可知，空处位于段首，为段落主题句。下文提到你可以从感激自己活着开始，而B项表示“描述你是如何感激你所拥有的”，符合语境，其中what you have亦为提示，故选B项。]
4．D [本段的主旨是想想你自己的能力。上文提到你可以从感激你有基本的能力开始，如看和听的能力；下文提到思考一些需要技巧的事情，如跳舞和唱歌；前后为递进关系，D项提到然后感激那些你特有的能力，前后语义衔接，故选D项。]
5．C [上文提到把你不喜欢的人写下来，找一个欣赏他们的理由也很好，根据常识及下文可知，空处应表示这可能很难，但非常令人振奋，故选C项。]
B
(2018·福州市第一学期高三期末考试)
I don’t know what that dream that you have is.I don’t care how disappointing it might be as you’re working toward that dream.But that dream you’re holding in your mind is possible.Some of you already know that it’s hard.It’s hard to change your life.In the process of achieving your dreams，__1__．
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There will be moments when you are going to doubt yourself.You’ll say，“Why？Why is this happening to me？”For those of you who have experienced some hardships，don’t give up on your dreams.__2__，but they will not stay，they will come to pass.
Many of you fail to seek your purpose in life.You dream and then follow it up with a list of all the reasons why the dream is unachievable.__3__．Things like these are the true limits you experience in life and they are what you create or what you allow others to lay upon you.
__4__．Acting on the dream is harder.Recognize that a dream is a journey.On the simplest level it takes commitment，time and courage.But rarely is something great easily realized.Dreaming is recognizing the potential for greatness and seeking it in all areas of your life.Believe in your dreams and your ability to accomplish them.I’m here to challenge you to reach for your dreams.Do not be afraid to dream.__5__！ A．Your dreams never walk away B．The rough times are going to come
C．You fill your life with excuses and “I can’t” D．you must spend more time achieving it E．Dreaming is the easy part F．If you can dream it，you can do it
G．you are going to suffer a lot of disappointment，failure and pain
【语篇解读】 本文主要论述了“要勇于心怀梦想，并努力实现梦想”这一主题。 1．G [根据空前的“Some of you already know that it’s hard.It’s hard to change your life”可知，有人已经知道了实现梦想、改变生活的困难；据此可以判断，空处具体介绍实现梦想的困难：你将承受失望、失败和痛苦，故G项正确。] 2．B [根据空后的“but they will not stay，they will come to pass”可知，但是，这些困难终将过去；据此可以判断，空处陈述的是与此相反的情况，即会有困难时刻，故B项符合语境。]
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3．C [根据空前的“You dream and then...is unachievable”可知，你把自己无法实现梦想的原因列成了一个清单；据此可以判断，空处说明此举的结果：你的生活充斥着各种借口和“我不能”，故C项正确。]
4．E [根据空处后一句“Acting on the dream is harder”可知，努力实现梦想更难，空处与该句形成对比；据此可知，空处表示“(设定)梦想是容易的”，故E项正确。]
5．F [根据空处前一句“Do not be afraid to dream”可知，不要畏惧梦想；据此可以判断，空处应进一步表示要相信自己，你能实现梦想。故F项正确。]
C
(2018·沈阳市第一次质量检测)
As a senior year student，you may have so many pressures coming from so many directions that you can’t figure out what to do first. __1__ When you have many things to do and a lot of demands on your time，you can lose sight of what’s important.One of the best ways to see the big picture—what you want out of life —is to lay out your goals. Pressure points and how to deal with them
Confused or overwhelmed — __2__．Discuss your concerns with a friend，parent or teacher.They may help you find solutions to your problems and worries.
Don’t be too hard on yourself—ease up，take a break and do something you enjoy，daydream，read a book，go out with friends—anything that helps you relax. Problems，problems，problems—recognize your limits.It’s too stressful to try to deal with all your problems at once.__3__． Goal－setting tips
It’s important to remember that goals belong to you—not to your parents，your teachers，or your friends.After you’ve set your goals，identify the skills you have to
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achieve those goals.__4__，do some research.Try the library，your guidance adviser and teachers，and other people who could help you.
__5__．If your goal is something you no longer want，change it.Identify the barriers to getting your goals.Consider ways to overcome them.Don’t get depressed by a big，long－term goal—see what steps you can take to achieve it and set those steps down as short－term，“doable” goals. A．Too much to do B．Balancing goals in life C．Goals exist to serve you D．Talk to someone you trust
E．If you’re not sure what skills you’ll need
F．As long as you know what skill is important and what isn’t G．Choose what’s most urgent and set aside the rest until later
【语篇解读】 本文为说明文，主要给毕业班的学生提出了面对诸多压力时应该先做什么的建议。
1．B [分析空处位置可知，空处应为段落小标题。下文讲的是在你有很多事情要做，并且在时间上有很多要求时，你可能不清楚什么是重要的，顾全大局的最好办法之一是设计你的目标。由此可知B项“在生活中要平衡目标”符合语境。] 2．D [根据空后的句子“Discuss your concerns with a friend，parent or teacher”可知，该空处表示“和你信任的人交谈”，所以选D项。]
3．G [根据空前的“recognize your limits...your problems at once”可知，同时出现许多问题时，既然没有能力同时处理，那么应该先处理最需要处理的问题，然后再处理其他问题，所以选G项。]
4．E [根据空后的“do some research...could help you”可知，如果你不确定你需要的技能是什么，你可以做研究，可以泡图书馆，可以试着求助于能够帮助你的人，
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所以选E项。E项中的skills一词照应空前的skills。]
5．C [根据空后的“If your goal is something you no longer want，change it”，如果你的目标是你不再需要的东西，你就改变它，因为目标存在的目的是为你服务的，空处与后面的句子构成因果关系，所以选C项。]
D
(2018·陕西省第一次质量检测)
Business owners are often buried in some demands and “duties”．So，learning to say “No” and focus on the right things is very important.Vickie Milazzo，a very successful businessman and author，has some useful advice.
Use your time wisely.__1__You have to work hard at them every day，sometimes in very small steps.Remember，Rome wasn’t built in a day.
Don’t try to make everything perfect.Sometimes success may not look like what you expected.__2__If you are flexible and can adjust your goals，they are often easier to achieve.
__3__You cannot learn much from someone else who is struggling to achieve the same goal as you are.Therefore，look around for who have achieved what you want.Model yourself after them.
Keep it fresh.__4__Recall your reasons to enter the business.Finding that desire again will often renew your energy.
Finally，give yourself a break.If you stepped back and looked at your daily routine calmly，as if it were happening to your best friend，what would your advice be？Would it be：Slow down？__5__Or spend a few moments enjoying the day? A．Find successful people to learn and imitate. B．Take a few deep breaths? C．Put all the eggs in one basket.
D．So，you should adjust your goals when necessary. E．Do you remember why you chose your career? F．Quit and set a new one for you.
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G．You can’t achieve big goals overnight.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。一位成功的商人和作家Vickie Milazzo就如何做一个高效的企业负责人提出了几个建议。
1．G [根据该段的主题句“Use your time wisely”可知，该段主要论述“要合理安排时间”；结合空处后一句“You have to work hard...in very small steps”可知，你每天都要努力工作，有时可能仅进步一点点。据此可知，你不可能一夜之间就实现大目标，故G项正确。]
2．D [根据空处后一句“If you are flexible and can adjust your goals，they are often easier to achieve”可知，如果你能灵活机动地调整目标，就能更加容易实现目标。据此可知，在必要时你要调整目标，故D项正确。]
3．A [根据空处位置可知，该空为该段的主题句；由该段最后两句“Therefore，look around for...after them”可知，该段主要论述了“找一个成功人士学习并模仿”的建议，故A项正确。]
4．E [根据空前的“Keep it fresh”及空处后一句“Recall your reasons to enter the business”可知，你要回忆起自己进入生意场的原因。据此可知E项符合语境。] 5．B [根据空前的“what would your advice be”可知，空处与空处前后的“Would it be：Slow down”和“Or spend a few moments enjoying the day”都与建议有关，且空处也应用问句，故B项与此处匹配。]
阅读七选五专练二
A
(2018·昆明市高三摸底调研测试)
How to Say No Respectfully
Like most people，your natural instinct (本能)is probably to help others when you can.__1__Whether you’re declining an invitation to a party or turning down a new
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project at work，you can say no while still being respectful.Whatever the situation is，be clear，polite and firm when saying no.
Express your thanks.__2__If you have to turn someone down，express your thanks that they thought of you in the first place.You could say something like，“Thanks for considering me responsible enough to watch your kids.I’m sorry that I’m busy that evening.”
Think before you speak.If you say no immediately，it might seem like you didn’t even consider the request.In order to be respectful，take a moment to think about your answer—even if you already know what it is going to be.__3__ Give a clear answer.Saying no respectfully shows that you’re honest and direct.__4__If you can’t help，say no.If someone is asking you on a date and you don’t want to go，make that clear.
__5__You can say no without completely turning down the request.By setting boundaries，you can make it clear exactly what you can do and what you are willing to do.For example，you could say，“I’m not free for dinner，but I would be coming for a quick drink after work.” A．Find a way to compromise.
B．Take a pause，and then kindly say no. C．But sometimes，you just need to say no.
D．It’s strange to feel guilty for turning someone down. E．Make it clear that you sincerely appreciate being asked.
F．If you feel it necessary，you can also provide a reason for your answer. G．Do not give people false hope that you will be able to satisfy their request. 【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了如何有礼貌地拒绝别人。
1．C [前面讲到“帮助别人可能是人的一种本能”，接下来话锋一转，说到“在有的情形下你可以礼貌地拒绝别人”，前后是转折关系，所以选C项。] 2．E [本段的第一句“表达你的谢意”为段落主题句，所以空处意在进一步解释说明这一主题，而选项E的意思是“要表达清楚你很真诚地感激受到邀请”，
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所以E项符合语境。]
3．B [本段首句为段落主题句，意为“在说(不)之前要思考一下”，而B项的意思是“停一下，然后再善意地拒绝”，与此处匹配，所以选B项。] 4．G [由本段内容可知，本段主要讲明确答复对方，有礼貌地拒绝别人表示你是诚实的、直接的。所以G项“不要给人错觉，让别人觉得你可以满足他的要求”与本段所表达的意思相符，所以选G项。]
5．A [根据下文可知，本段讲述的是在拒绝别人的时候，可以留有余地，表达清楚你能做什么、愿意做什么，而A项的意思是“找到一个折中的办法”，与本段所表达的意思相符，所以选A项。]
B
(2018·成都市第一次诊断性检测)
Last week the electricity in my flat went out.__1__My typical evening is spent watching TV and scrolling(滚动) through social media.That night this wasn’t possible.My roommate and I weren’t prepared with candles and matches.We just rely on electricity.
So for me it was an early night.__2__That night，losing our electricity felt like losing a basic necessity，as basic as running water.But really，electricity is a luxury that we’ve grown to take for granted.I use electricity all the time，even when it’s not really necessary.__3__And as I’m writing this，I have my lights on，even in the middle of the day when I don’t really need them.
__4__It contributes to global warming.It is harming our environment and we need to do what we can to stop it.Not only that，but if we continue to use the same large amount of energy，we will soon run out of it.
How would we survive in a world without electricity？Our daily lives go around it.We wouldn’t be able to function.__5__So，shouldn’t we start preparing for it now？Cutting down on our use of electricity would save energy resources so that they could
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last for longer.And if everyone does it，we can make a big difference. A．Yet we know one day we will run out of it. B．Our overuse of electricity is a big problem. C．This left me in complete darkness the whole night. D．It is a real problem to cut down on the use of electricity. E．I know for sure I could cut down on my use of electricity. F．I couldn’t help but think，do we rely too much on electricity? G．I turn on the TV in the background even when I’m not watching it.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。上周的停电对“我”的生活造成了很大影响，让“我”意识到珍惜电力资源的重要意义。过度用电会导致全球变暖，从而对环境有害，所以在不必要用电时我们应当节约用电。
1．C [根据空处所在的位置可知，该句承上启下；由空处前一句“Last week the electricity in my flat went out”，结合该段倒数第二句“My roommate and I．..candles and matches”可知，上个星期“我”的公寓停电了，室友和“我”都没有准备蜡烛和火柴；据此可知，这导致“我”一整个晚上都在黑暗中度过，故C项正确。]
2．F [根据第一段最后一句“We just rely on electricity”可知，我们只能依靠电，结合空处后一句可知，断电就如失去了水这一基本的生活必需品一样；据此可以判断，在遭遇断电后，“我”禁不住想到，我们是不是太依赖电了，故F项正确。] 3．G [根据空处前一句“I use electricity all the time，even when it’s not really necessary”可知，“我”一直用电，即使在没有必要时；据此可以判断，空处具体陈述“我”浪费电的不良习惯，故G项符合语境。]
4．B [根据上文提到的“我”浪费电的不良习惯，结合该段第二至三句可推知，过度用电导致了全球变暖，对我们的环境有害。据此可知，该段主要陈述过度用
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电这一问题，故B项正确。]
5．A [根据空处后两句可知，减少用电将节约能源，这样电力资源就能供我们使用更长时间；据此可推知，空处说明我们必须节约用电的原因：然而终有一天我们将用完电力资源，故A项正确。]
C
(2018·广州模拟)China has been the birthplace of many of the world’s greatest inventions.It was，for example，the first country to produce paper money.Before the invention of paper money and coins，people used many different kinds of things for buying and selling.__1__This exchange of goods and services for other goods and services is called bartering.
__2__In 1200 BC，people in China began to use shells(贝壳) as money.Usually the shells used as money were very small.This made it easier for people to carry money over long distances，and allowed for trade to develop between different parts of the country.
In the years which followed this invention，many other countries around the world began to do the same.__3__ The next development was in 1000 BC，when China started making bronze and copper shells.It wasn’t long before the Chinese made round coins out of metal：__4__By 500 BC，metal coins had begun to appear in countries like Persia and Greece，and later in the Roman Empire.
About 1，000 years later，leather was used as money in China，and in 806 AD，the first paper banknotes were produced by the Chinese people.__5__ A．People also began collecting foreign coins as souvenirs.
B．However，as economies developed，such exchanges became impractical. C．It was still many years before paper currency appeared in Europe. D．They also used tiny shells as money for buying and selling. E．As time went by，trade between countries increased.
F．During that time，for example，buying a chicken might cost several potatoes.
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G．The very first coins often had holes in them so that people could string them together.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要按照时间顺序讲述了中国和世界上其他国家货币发展的历史。
1．F [根据空前的“people used many different kinds of things for buying and selling”及空后的“This exchange...is called bartering”可知，此处主要讲的是“物物交换”，F项中的“buying a chicken might cost several potatoes”是“物物交换”的一个例子，符合上下文文意，故选F项。]
2．B [本文第一段讲的是“物物交换”；根据空后的“In 1200 BC...were very small”可知，第二段讲的是“贝壳作为货币使用”，故此空的作用是承上启下。B项中的“such exchanges”与第一段最后一句中的“This exchange”相呼应，且B项中的“However”以及“impractical”表明“物物交换”有局限性，所以出现了更加方便携带的贝壳货币，符合上下文文意，故选B项。]
3．D [根据第二段内容及空前的“many other countries around the world began to do the same”可知，许多其他国家也开始这样做了。“to do the same”指的就是“也开始用贝壳作为买卖的货币”，故D项“他们也使用小贝壳作为货币进行买卖”符合上下文文意，故选D项。]
4．G [根据空前的“It wasn’t long before...out of metal”可知，不久中国人制造了金属制成的圆形钱币；根据空后的“By 500 BC，metal coins...later in the Roman Empire”可知，到公元前500年这种金属钱币开始在其他国家出现。故空处应是解释这种金属钱币在其他国家出现的原因。故选G项。]
5．C [根据空前的“the first paper banknotes were produced by the Chinese people”可知，此处讲到了纸币首先由中国人创造，故C项“很多年后纸币才出现在欧
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洲”与此处衔接紧密，故选C项。]
D
(2018·洛阳市一模)One of my earliest memories was watching my mom talk on our old phone.I was fascinated that she could talk to someone who wasn’t actually in the room with her.__1__I was wondering how she managed to talk with someone she couldn’t see.
__2__Later，we had mobile phones that could be carried around the room.Then came computers and smart phones.These days I can send an e－mail around the world in a second.My daughter’s smart phone has a hundred apps and a dozen social media accounts.She stores all of her information in a mysterious place known as “the cloud”，where she can take it out at any time.It seems that we are more connected in this world than ever before.
__3__Few take the time to talk face to face.Instead of looking into the eyes of our loved ones，we stare at our screens.It seems as if the most connected generations are also the loneliest.
Don’t let technology take our time and ruin our life.Make the time to meet，to pray and to communicate with each other.Take a walk on the beach with a friend.Have a long conversation with the phones off and the hearts on.__4__ Remember that we are here to love each other，help each other and make this world a better place.__5__But when it can’t，turn it off. A．That was a long time ago. B．Connect offline as well as online.
C．Smart phones have both advantages and disadvantages. D．We should communicate with each other with phones off. E．When your technology can help to do these things，then use it.
F．However，what bothers me is that we rarely associate with each other nowadays. G．When she left the room，I slowly walked over to the phone and stared at it for a while.
【语篇解读】 本文作者描述了家中通信工具的变化，指出人们现在很少互相见
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面交流，并建议人们合理利用科技，创造更美好的生活。
1．G [根据空处前一句可知，作者对于妈妈能够和一个与她不在同一个房间的人说话感到很好奇，这吸引了作者。故G项“当她离开房间的时候，我慢慢地走到电话那儿并盯着看了一会儿”符合文意，故选G项。]
2．A [根据空后的“Later，we had mobile phones...send an e－mail”可知，作者阐述了随着时间的变化，家中的通信工具也发生了改变。故A项“那是很久之前的事儿了”符合文意。故选A项。]
3．F [根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为段落主题句。根据下文可知，本段主要讲述现在我们很少面对面交流了。故F项“然而，令我感到担心的是，我们现在很少互相交流了”能很好地概括段意，故选F项。]
4．B [根据上文可知，作者认为不能让科技占据我们太多的时间，摧毁我们的生活，我们应该花时间互相见面交流。故B项“既要在网上联系也要在网络之外联系”符合文意，故选B项。]
5．E [空处前一句提到我们来到这个世界是为了相互关爱，相互帮助，使世界变得更美好；后一句提到当科技不能(帮助你)做到这些时，就关掉它。所以空处应表示当科技能够帮助你做到这些时就使用它，故E项符合文意。]
阅读七选五专练三
A
[2018·福州市八县(市)一中联考]
Having a learning disability doesn’t mean you can’t learn.Learning disabilities happen because of the way a person’s brain takes in and processes information.__1__The trick will be figuring out how you learn best.
Learning disabilities aren’t contagions (接触传染的)，but they can be genetic.That means they can be passed down in families through the genes，like many other traits
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we get from our parents and grandparents.Someone with a learning disability probably has other family members who have some learning troubles，too.Kids with learning problems are sometimes surprised to find out that one of their parents had similar troubles when he or she was in school.__2__ Learning experts now know a lot more about the brain and how learning works. It’s very hard for a kid to know if he has a learning disability.But kids don’t have to figure all this out on their own.__3__Start with his teacher and his mom or dad. Finding out you have a learning disability can be upsetting.__4__But the truth is that learning disabilities are pretty common.And if your learning specialist or psychologist has figured out which one you’re facing，you’re on the right track.Now，you can start getting the help you need to do better in school.
To make this special help really work，you’ll need to practise the new skills you’re learning.It may take a lot of efforts every day.__5__Soon，you’ll enjoy the results of all your hard work：More fun and success at school!
A．But you’ll need some help and you’ll need to work extra hard. B．What a kid needs to do is to tell someone. C．There are people who know how to do just that. D．You might feel different from everyone else. E．But kids today have an advantage over their parents. F．As a result，some people learn differently. G．That can be a challenge，but you can do it.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了学习障碍的形成原因、会被遗传的性质以及如何克服学习障碍。
1．F [根据空前一句“Learning disabilities...processes information”可知，大脑领会和加工信息的方式不同导致了学习障碍的形成；据此可以判断，空处介绍学习障碍形成后的结果：一些人使用不同的方式学习。]
2．E [根据空前一句“Kids with learning problems...she was in school”可知，有学
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习障碍的孩子会发现他们的父母中会有一位在上学时有学习障碍；结合下文中的“Learning experts...how learning works”可知，现在学习专家已经对大脑和学习的工作原理知道得更多；据此可以判断，空处与上文形成转折，说明现在的孩子会比他们的父母更有优势，故E项符合语境。]
3．B [根据空后一句“Start with his teacher and his mom or dad”可知，孩子可以从老师和父母那里得知自己是否有学习障碍，据此可知，孩子不需要自己去弄明白自己是否有学习障碍，但他所需要做的是问一下老师和父母，故B项符合语境。] 4．D [根据空前一句“Finding out...can be upsetting”可知，发现自己有学习障碍是很难受的；据此可以推断，空处应该介绍发现自己有学习障碍后，你会感到自己和他人不一样，故D项符合语境。]
5．G [根据空前一句“It may take a lot of efforts every day”可知，这种训练每天需要付出很多努力；据此可以判断，那可能是一种挑战，但是你能做到；故G项符合语境。]
B
(2018·洛阳市尖子生第一次联考)
Getting out into the great outdoors is an even better idea than you think.__1__It also creates some wonderful summer memories for your family.Need more convincing evidence？There are some benefits of camping as a family，including how it’s great for your health.
It’s good exercise.Let’s not forget the most obvious benefit of camping.__2__Even if you’re taking a fishing trip，you’re burning more calories than you’ll burn sitting indoors.And if you hike or bike，you’re performing cardiovascular(心血管的) exercise that will help keep your heart and lungs healthy.
__3__You’ve probably tried unplugging the TV at home，but short of throwing it out of the window，because kids are going to watch more than we want them to.Out in the
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wild，there is no television.You’ll watch nature together，go exploring，and have that one－on－one attention you need as a family.
It is a good way to truly connect with nature.Too often we take nature for granted.In fact，spending a few days in nature with the family will teach your kids things they may have never known before.__4__However，in the wild they will learn how to build a fire，catch fish，see animal habitats，and all the natural architecture nature offers.
You have no stress after the camping.Vacations can be stressful.Sometimes when you get home from vacations，you need another rest for your last vacation.__5__You’ll get home feeling energetic.It’s even better than a cup of coffee. A．You can stay away from TV. B．They may know how to work an iPad. C．You’ll meet new challenges each time.
D．Sure，it saves some money if you stays in a camper.
E．You’re spending a lot of time performing physical activities. F．Many campers report better sleep cycles when they return from a trip.
G．But once you settle into camping with your family，the stress of every day will disappear.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了和家人一起进行户外活动的好处。 1．D [上文说走出去到户外比你想象的还要好，下文说它也能为你的家人创造一些美好的夏日回忆。D项“如果你待在一个野营车里，这当然会为你节省钱”符合语境，且下文的“camping”也是提示，故选D。]
2．E [本段的主题为“它是很好的锻炼”，而E项“你正在花费很多时间进行体育锻炼”是对下文具体内容的概括，符合语境，故选E。]
3．A [空处是段落主题句。本段主要讲到户外活动可以使你和家人远离电视，而A项“你能远离电视”概括准确，符合语境，故选A。]
4．B [上文说“事实上和家人一起在大自然中度过几天会教会你的孩子他们之
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间可能不知道的事情”，再结合空后一句可知，空处应讲孩子在室内会做的事情，B项“他们可能会操作iPad”，空处前后形成语义上的衔接，故选B。] 5．G [本段的主题是露营后你会没有压力，且根据本段中的描述可知，G项“但是，一旦你适应和家人一起露营，每天的压力就会消失”符合语境，故选G。]
C
(2018·呼和浩特调研考试)
How to Calm Down at Work
The workplace can be a stressful place.Anxiety，conflict，bad management and overwork can lead to frustration and stress.__1__ Keep something you like to look at within sight.A photo of a loved one or a favorite personal souvenir is the best example.Keep such an item somewhere you can glance at it whenever you wish to do so.__2__ Take a moment to engage in exercise.If you’re unable to leave your work area，stand and stretch for a moment.Muscle tension exercises can also help you calm down.__3__For instance，start by squeezing all of your face muscles as tightly as you can for twenty seconds and slowly releasing them.
Write down the reason why you are upset.__4__Getting your thoughts and feelings out on paper can help clarify the issue you’re having.Writing down your thoughts can even help you determine the best way to address your frustration or anxiety and move forward.
__5__If you and another co－worker are constantly frustrated with one another，set up a time to speak with him or her.Say something like，“Hey，Sarah，let’s sit down sometime soon and chat to make sure we’re on the same page about our upcoming project.”
A．Turn to your workmates for help. B．Communicate with your workmates.
C．A vase of flowers on your desk is another good example. D．Focus on one particular muscle or muscle group at a time.
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E．Here are the steps you can take to help you calm down at work.
F．Engage your body by rolling your head，shoulder，and ankles while sitting. G．The best way to figure out exactly what’s bothering you is to write it down. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了能帮助人在工作中镇静下来的一些方法。
1．E [上文说工作场所可能是一个充满压力的地方，忧虑，冲突，糟糕的管理和过度工作可能会导致沮丧和压力。E项“这儿就有一些你可以采纳来帮助你在工作中镇静下来的措施”与上文语义衔接且符合下文的叙述，故选E。] 2．C [本段主要叙述的是放一些你喜欢的东西在视力范围内，而C项说在桌上放一瓶花就是另外一个好的例子，承接上文，故选C。]
3．D [上文说肌肉伸展训练能够帮助你镇静下来，而D项说一次关注一个特定(部位)的肌肉或肌肉组，前后语义衔接，故选D。]
4．G [上文说写下你沮丧的原因，而G项说准确地弄清使你烦恼的原因的最好方法就是把它写下来，与上文逻辑一致，故选G。空前的“Write down”也是提示词。]
5．B [根据空处所在位置可知，空处为段落主题句。本段讲的是如果你和你的同事一直对彼此感到失望，那就找些时间和你的同事交流一下。B项“与你的同事交流”概括准确，故选B。]
D
(2018·福州四校联考)Your phone is running low on power while you are waiting to fly out of an airport.
Then you discover a public USB charging area close by.__1__Then you take a deep breath and sit back，happy to get the power for free. What could go wrong？Plenty.
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In addition to providing an electrical current，phone charging cords can send and receive data.That free USB charging hub at an airport，hotel or any other public place may not only charge your phone.__2__The USB charging hub could be connecting to your phone and copying your contact list，email and text messages，voice mail，photographs and videos.It can also copy passwords，banking information and any other information stored on your phone.
If you want to charge your phone while traveling，you have other choices that do not increase your risks.
Connect your phone only to electrical outlets so data transfer is not possible.__3__It is better to use a distant wall outlet than a nearby USB charging hub.
Carry an extra，fully－charged battery.Having one means you can charge your phone without having to worry about carrying a special cord or finding a power outlet.__4__ If you must use a public USB charging center，be sure to turn off your phone completely.
__5__But it will reduce the chances of it happening，depending on what phone you have.
A．Remember to fully charge your phone before you leave home or work. B．It also could be transferring information to and from the device.
C．The public USB charging hub may even download programs to your phone. D．This may or may not prevent data transfer.
E．You can charge your phone with the extra battery wherever you are.
F．An available outlet may not be as near as a USB charging hub，but the few extra steps may keep your information safe.
G．You quickly reach for a charge cord and connect your phone to the charging hub. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在飞机场候机时，给处于低电状态的手机安全充电的方法。
1．G [上文说你会发现附近有一个公共的USB充电区域，空处下文提到你深吸一口气，舒服地坐好，为免费充电而高兴。所以空处应表示你把手机连接到充电
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口进行充电，故选G项“你很快拿到一根充电线，并把你的手机连接到充电中心”。]
2．B [上文说机场、酒店或其他公共场所的免费USB充电中心，不仅可以给你的手机充电，再结合空后一句可知，空处应表示USB充电中心的其他作用。B项提到它还可以把信息传入或输出设备，前后语义衔接，故选B。且B项中的also与空前一句中的not only相呼应。]
3．F [根据空处所在段的内容可知，本段推荐使用距离稍远的墙上的电源插座，而不用邻近的USB充电中心，这样可以保证手机信息的安全。F项说一个可用的墙上的电源插座可能不像USB充电中心那么近，但是多走几步可以保证你的信息安全，前后逻辑关系紧密，故选F。]
4．E [本段的主旨是携带一个额外的、充满电的电池，而E项说无论你在哪里，你都可以用这个额外的电池给手机充电，为具体描述，故选E。]
5．D [上文提到如果必须使用USB充电中心充电，确保将手机彻底关机。下文说但这将减少发生这种情况的机会。故D项“这可能会阻止数据传输，也可能不会”符合语境。D项中的This指代关机这个行为，故选D。]
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