第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
When the sun shines brightly, it provides a great chance to get outdoor things done. Like making hay! At least, that is what farmers from the past would say. ―Make hay while the sun shines.This idiom is very old, dating back to Medieval times. Rain would often ruin the process of making hay. So, farmers had no choice but to make hay when the sun was shining.
Today, we all use this expression, not just farmers. When conditions are perfect to get something done, we can say, ―It’s a good idea to make hay while the sun shines.In other words, you are taking advantage of a good situation or of good conditions. You are making the most of your opportunities. These all mean ―making hay while the sun shines.
And sometimes we use this expression to mean we beat someone to the punch, or we got ahead of someone else. And other times you make hay while the sun shines to make good use of the chance to do something while it lasts. You are being opportunistic – taking advantage of a good opportunity. For example, my friend Ozzy was sick for a week and could not go to work. So, his co-worker Sarah -- who doesn’t like him -- took advantage of his illness and stole his project! Talk about making hay while the sun shines.
Sometimes when you make hay while the sun shines you are staying ahead of a problem – like in this example:
Hey, do you want to go hiking with me and my friends this weekend? The weather is going to be beautiful! I wish I could. But I have to finish my taxes. It’s the last weekend before they’re due.
Oh, that’s too bad.
Wait. What about your taxes?
My taxes are done. I was off from work a couple of weeks ago and made hay while the sun shined. I got all of it done!
I wish I would have taken advantage of my time off last week___1___All I did was lay around thehouse. And that’s all the time we have for these Words and Their Stories. But join us again next week. You can listen while you’re making dinner or riding to work. Yeah, make hay while the sun shines. 1.Which of the following best matches ―make hay whilethe sun shines in paragraph 2?
A.Sow nothing, reap nothing. B.Sharp tools make good work. C.Strike while the iron is hot. D.One swallow doesn’t make a summer. 2.According to the underlined sentence, what feeling does the speaker express? A.Admirable B.Regretful C.Annoyed D.Indifferent 3.Where is the passage probably taken from? A.A radio program B.A magazine C.A brochure D.A novel
B
Bill Gates on how to fight future pandemics
WHEN HISTORIANS write the book on the covid-19 pandemic, what we've lived through so far will probably take up only the first third or so.The bulk of the story will be what happens next.
I believe that humanity will beat this pandemic, but only when most of the population is vaccinated(接种疫苗）.Until then, life will not return to normal.
As the pandemic slows in developed nations,itwill accelerate in developing ones.Their experience,however,will be worse.In poorer countries,where fewer jobs can be done remotely,distancing measures won't work as well.The virus will spread quickly,and health systems won't be able to care for the infected.
Wealthy nations can help.But people in rich and poor places alike will be safe only once we have an effective medical solution for this virus,which means a vaccine.
My hope is that,by the second half of 2021,facilities around the world will be manufacturing a vaccine.If that's the case,it will be a history-making achievement: the fastest humankind has ever gone from recognizing a new disease to immunizing（免疫）against it.
Apart from this progress in vaccines,two other big medical breakthroughs will emerge from the pandemic.One will be in the field of diagnostics.The next time a novel virus crops up,people will probably be able to test for it at home.Researchers could have such a test ready within a few months of identifying a new disease.
The third breakthrough will be in antiviral drugs.We haven't been as effective at developing drugs to fight viruses as we have those to fight bacteria.But that will Researchers will develop large diverse libraries of antivirals,which they'll be able to scan trough and quickly find effective treatments for novel viruses.
All three technologies will prepare us for the next pandemic by allowing us to intervene(干预）early when the
number of cases is still very low.
Our progress won't be in science alone.It will also be in our ability to make sure everyone benefits from that science.In the years after 2021,I think we'll learn from the years after 1945. With the end of the Second World War, leaders built international institutions like the UN to prevent more conflicts.After covid-19, leaders will prepare institutions to prevent the next pandemic.
These will be a mix of national,regional and global organizations.I expect they will participate in regular\"germ games”in the same way as armed forces take part in War games.These will keep us ready for the next time a novel virus jumps from bats or birds to humans.
I hope wealthy nations include poorer ones in these preparations,especially by devoting more foreign aid to building up their primary health-care systems.This pandemic has shown us that viruses don't obey border laws and that we are all connected biologically by a network of microscopic germs,whether we like it or not.
The best analogy(类比）for today might be November 10th 1942.Britainhad just won its first land victory of the war,and Winston Churchill declared in a speech: “This is not the end.It is not even the beginning of the end.But it is,perhaps,the end of the beginning.”
4. What are the three technologies that will prepare us for the next pandemic? ①manufacturing a vaccine fast ②diagnosing a virus at home ③developing antiviral drugs ④allowing us to intervene early A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④
5. As far as poorer countries areconcerned,which of the following is TRUE according to this passage? A. pandemic disease is more likely to begin in poorer countries B. Working from home can work well in poorer countries.
C. Health systems are sufficient to care for the infected in poorer countries. D. Virus will cross borders if poorer countries fail to contain it. 6. Why is the Second World War mentioned in Para.8?
A. The fight against the COVID-19 is similar to the Second World War. B. People are suffering just as they were in the Second World War. C. We should cooperate globally just as we did after the Second World War.
D. Countries are fighting each other like in the Second World War. 7. What is the tone of this passage? A. pessimistic B. optimistic C. neutral D. indifferent
C
Bill Gates on how to fight future pandemics
WHEN HISTORIANS write the book on the covid-19 pandemic, what we've lived through so far will probably take up only the first third or so.The bulk of the story will be what happens next.
I believe that humanity will beat this pandemic, but only when most of the population is vaccinated(接种疫苗）.Until then, life will not return to normal.
As the pandemic slows in developed nations,itwill accelerate in developing ones.Their experience,however,will be worse.In poorer countries,where fewer jobs can be done remotely,distancing measures won't work as well.The virus will spread quickly,and health systems won't be able to care for the infected.
Wealthy nations can help.But people in rich and poor places alike will be safe only once we have an effective medical solution for this virus,which means a vaccine.
My hope is that,by the second half of 2021,facilities around the world will be manufacturing a vaccine.If that's the case,it will be a history-making achievement: the fastest humankind has ever gone from recognizing a new disease to immunizing（免疫）against it.
Apart from this progress in vaccines,two other big medical breakthroughs will emerge from the pandemic.One will be in the field of diagnostics.The next time a novel virus crops up,people will probably be able to test for it at home.Researchers could have such a test ready within a few months of identifying a new disease.
The third breakthrough will be in antiviral drugs.We haven't been as effective at developing drugs to fight viruses as we have those to fight bacteria.But that will Researchers will develop large diverse libraries of antivirals,which they'll be able to scan trough and quickly find effective treatments for novel viruses.
All three technologies will prepare us for the next pandemic by allowing us to intervene(干预）early when the number of cases is still very low.
Our progress won't be in science alone.It will also be in our ability to make sure everyone benefits from that science.In the years after 2021,I think we'll learn from the years after 1945. With the end of the Second World War, leaders built international institutions like the UN to prevent more conflicts.After covid-19, leaders will prepare
institutions to prevent the next pandemic.
These will be a mix of national,regional and global organizations.I expect they will participate in regular\"germ games”in the same way as armed forces take part in War games.These will keep us ready for the next time a novel virus jumps from bats or birds to humans.
I hope wealthy nations include poorer ones in these preparations,especially by devoting more foreign aid to building up their primary health-care systems.This pandemic has shown us that viruses don't obey border laws and that we are all connected biologically by a network of microscopic germs,whether we like it or not.
The best analogy(类比）for today might be November 10th 1942.Britainhad just won its first land victory of the war,and Winston Churchill declared in a speech: “This is not the end.It is not even the beginning of the end.But it is,perhaps,the end of the beginning.”
8. What are the three technologies that will prepare us for the next pandemic? ①manufacturing a vaccine fast ②diagnosing a virus at home ③developing antiviral drugs ④allowing us to intervene early A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④
9. As far as poorer countries areconcerned,which of the following is TRUE according to this passage? A. pandemic disease is more likely to begin in poorer countries B. Working from home can work well in poorer countries.
C. Health systems are sufficient to care for the infected in poorer countries. D. Virus will cross borders if poorer countries fail to contain it. 10. Why is the Second World War mentioned in Para.8?
A. The fight against the COVID-19 is similar to the Second World War. B. People are suffering just as they were in the Second World War. C. We should cooperate globally just as we did after the Second World War. D. Countries are fighting each other like in the Second World War. 11. What is the tone of this passage? A. pessimistic B. optimistic C. neutral D. indifferent
D
Have you ever done something for someone else—knowing that your actions would solely benefit THEM and not YOU? Maybe you opened a door or donated blood or volunteered in a hospital’s ER during the pandemic. This is called a prosocial behavior. Humans engage in these types of behaviors all the time.
But a question remains in science: Are we the only species who do this? As one of out closest s, chimpanzees have long been studied for signs of this. So far, research has provided mixed results on the question.
Some studies show that chimps cooperatively hunt, share food and comfort each other. But one study came to a very different conclusion. The study used a controlled lab experiment where chimpanzees in enclosures were given two options: push a button to give food to themselves or push the button to give food to themselves AND a partner chimp. If they chose the latter, it was seen as a prosocial behavior. But the result is that chimps showed no special preferences for feeding themselves and a friend over feeding just themselves. Another study conducted by DeTroy, however, discovered a totally different result.
Compared to previous controlled lab-based experiments, the setup for DeTroy’s research was very naturalistic. “We installed a button and a fountain into the chimpanzees’ outer enclosures. When an individual pushes the button, it releases juice from the fountain. However, since the button and fountain are approximately five meters apart, the individual pushing cannot directly drink from the fountain. And if any other chimpanzees are at the fountain when the button is pushed, they, and not the pusher, will be able to drink the juice.
In this experiment, chimpanzees showed a willingness to act in the interest of others, with individual chimpanzees prepared to push the button without benefiting themselves.
“It is really fascinating to see that many of the chimpanzees were willing to prosocially provide valuable resources to the group members even if they couldn’t benefit themselves from their behavior.” said DeTroy.
Further research may reveal what lies behind their prosocial motivation. But for now, it’s safe to assume that chimpanzees are not simply aping human behavior. 12. Which of the following belongs to prosocial behaviors?
A. Jack participated in voluntary work in the library just to earn credits. B. Mark turned to his classmate for help when feeling stressful in study. C. Tim guided a lost child back home on his way to an important job interview. D. Rose often interrupted the teacher to ask questions actively in the math’s class. 13. What is the task of the chimpanzees in the lab-based study? A. Sharing food. B. Making a choice.
C. Comforting others. D. Showing sympathy. 14. How is DeTroy’s study different from the previous ones? A. It was based on controlled lab experiment. B. It gave juice to the chimpanzees as a reward.
C. It offered the tested chimpanzees a natural surrounding. D. It provided a chance for chimpanzees to help their partners. 15. What can we learn from DeTroy’s quotes? A. Chimpanzees can develop abilities to help others. B. Chimpanzees have acquired many human behaviors. C. Chimpanzees in the wild is cleverer than those in the lab. D. Chimpanzees displayed prosocial behaviors for certain rewards. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
Do you invest too much value into words added by strangers? No matter what you do or say, or how you act, people will always give their opinions about you.___16___Otherwise, you'll allow others' opinions to not only hurt you, but often define you. Here are ways to stop caring about what other people think of you.
Keep in mind not everyone cares. Everyone is troubled by anxiety, and they might be too busy to immediately recognize yours.___17___They're always too busy thinking about their families, work, and whatever else to form a detailed opinion about you.
Think about who you want to be. By allowing others' opinions to influence and dominate your life, you're handing them your power. If you can relate to this, ask yourself,what do you want? Are you making these choices only to impress others?____18____
Accept not everyone will like you. In life, some people will like you and others might not.___19___But most of the time, that's their mindset only, which has nothing to do with you. There will be people who will accept all of you and people who will be supportive and kind. These are the people who deserve to walk with you.
____20____You may worry about ending up looking like a fool because of a mistake, but mistakes are unavoidable. When you overcome your fear of making mistakes and build resilience to the pain that may come from failure, you will be unstoppable. One way to deal with anxieties about messing up is to make a list of all the possible things that could go wrong. A. Take on the challenges.
B. Don't let them get to you.
C. The only opinion that matters to you is yours. D. The key is to be selective about what you care about. E. People all around you have enough to occupy their minds. F. It is really hard to face someone who has negative views of you.
G. Even your decisions, from this angle, will help you become self-confident.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
My most extremecase of jealousy happened at camp this summer with a girl named Megan Martin. We____21____on the first day of archery____22____. Most of us in my group had completely missed our____23____. Except Megan. No matter the activity, Megan was the best. And by best, I____24____ beyond the best!
____25____the people who get all braggy,Megan was modest and friendly. So I felt____26____ terrible the way I did. Then, one day at lunch, Megan sat down next to me. And then she told me a(n)___27___riddle,I giggled. And then we spent a lot of time telling____28____ .Later I knew we both had five-year old twin brothers. And it wasn't the only thing we had____29____! The more we talked, the more I realized how___30___it was that I'd been___31___energy feeling jealous when I could have been building a___32___.
Megan told me that she____33____ she had my creativity in telling stories. That comment____34____ me. Hearing that I couldn't get over how good she was at everything,Megan____35____and suggested we invent a machine that would let people____36____skills for a little while. It was a(n)____37____idea and we spent the rest of lunch____38____the details of the invention.
It's probably impossible not to feel a tiny bit envious at least once in your life. But try to remember that you have your own____39____unique that makes you special. And I know for a fact that putting more energy into____40____thing like building friendship, and less energy into negatives thing like feeling jealous, helps make for happier days all round.
21. A. knew B. met C. acknowledged D. accompanied 22. A. report B. visit C. practice D. certificate 23. A. targets B. turns C. chances D. times 24. A. mean B. attain C. announce D. envy
25. A. Besides B. Regardless of C. As well as D. Unlike
26. A. even B. still C. just D. extra
27. A. exciting B. moving C. amusing D. scary 28. A. dreams B. jokes C. tricks D. lies
29. A. in common B. on purpose C. on our side D. in mind 30. A. admirable B. ridiculous C. stubborn D. desperate 31. A. wasting B. saving C. gathering D. compensating 32. A. team B. family C. home D. friendship 33. A. thought B. imagined C. wished D. guaranteed 34. A. congratulated B. frightened C. astonished D. convinced 35. A. laughed B. Sympathized C. complained D. scolded 36. A. train B. trade C. forget D. purchase
37. A. ambiguous B. troublesome C. accessible D. fantastic 38. A. turning off B. making out C. working out D. putting off 39. A. tiresome B. sincere C. abnormal D. awesome 40. A. public B. positive C. voluntary D. interesting 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
World Environment Day (WED) ,____41.____is observed on June 5 every year, is one of the most unique and special holidays because____42.____its history and its many firsts. Created on the first day of the first-ever UN conference , WED focuses on humans and the environment.
However, this didn't happen overnight.Swedenfirst suggested____43.____(have) such a conference in 1968. And in 1969, the UN agreed that in three years they would have a conference inSwedenthat focused on____44.____(globe) environmental problems.
Finally, it all came together in 1972. Leaders from around the world____45.____(sit) together to discuss how they could raise awareness to protect our environment — and it was then that WED was made. Then two years later, the first-ever WED____46.____(celebrate) with the slogan(口号)“Only One Earth”.
Ever since then, WED has been____47.____(complete) accepted by people everywhere. Many famous people around the world all encourage people, in their own unique way,____48.____(do) their part and save the world.
So, it doesn't matter if you’re a famous actor, an athlete____49.____a student in college: gather your friends and spend a day outdoors doing fun_____50._____(activity) towards protecting this beautiful planet. You'll have
great fun and feel much better afterward. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线(\\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last Sunday, I went to a shop to have my watch repair. After checking the watch, the shop assistant said she would call her manager to see that if this kind of problem could be fixed. As I was waiting the response from the manager, I saw an old man in a wheelchair roll himself over to the counter. No one seems to have noticed him, so I went over to his wheelchair and offered to give him some helps. Kindly as I was, I found that I could do something to help him. At that moment, the assistant replied that it would cost myself much money to fix this problem. I was very sad and about to leave the shop while the old man said, “You are a nice and thoughtful boy, but I would like to help you pay for it.”
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
At noon on a brilliant Tuesday in March, my 12-year-old son Kai and I are a mile and a half into a four-day, 27-mile walk through the Grand Canyon—his first backpacking trip — when he asks: “Are we almost to camp?”
Um, no. Camp, at Hermit Creek, is seven miles and nearly 2,500 feet below, which will take us several more hours. We’re going down a poorly maintained path off the canyon, across which we can see many of the canyon’s layers. This is on display in cliffs hundreds of feet tall, a reminder of how far we have to go.
We are here largely because of a birthday note Kai wrote me two years ago in which he declared, “You used to be a wild 10-year-old like me and now you’re a wild 53-year-old. We can do so many things together! I am excited for when I’m old enough for the Grand Canyon!”
There are, I suppose, dads who could resist that, just as there are fathers who would plan an experience-appropriate trip for their sons. I am neither, so here we are. Never mind that; aside from simply being 12, Kai has done almost nothing to physically prepare for this. Or that I haven’t backpacked for 13 years.
We head on past twisty trees and brush. Soon the view broadens, and the layers grow deeper, down to the
shadowy, 1.8 billion-year-old Vishnu, a panorama(全景) that leaves Kai excited. “This place is amazing,” he says.
Nightfall in the canyon can be magical. Darkness surrounds us, pressed by cool air. We navigate a narrow path to the stream and, hearing the sound of a waterfall, lie down to take in the stars. Twice I suggest we turn in. “Not yet,” Kai says. “This is too unbelievable.”
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The last day’s plan is to travel the three miles to the Colorado River, which is the most challenging.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After the backpacking trip, I also write a note to my son.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. C 2. B 3. A
4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B
8. A 9. D 10. C 11. B
12. C 13. B 14. C 15. A
16. B 17. E 18. D 19. F 20. A
21. B 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. A 36. B 37. D 38. C 39. D 40. B 41. which
42. of 43. having 44. global 45. sat 46. was celebrated 47. completely
48. to do 49. or 50. activities
51.(1). repair → repaired (2). 去掉that
(3). waiting后加for (4). seems → seemed (5). helps → help (6). Kindly → Kind
(7). something → nothing (8). myself → me (9). while → when (10). but → and/ so
52.略
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