题型二 短文改错
一、动词形式
动词形式的错误设置一般包括以下三个方面： 1．动词的时态和语态错误。 2．主、谓不一致的错误。 3．非谓语动词的误用。
[典例1] One was that...And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.(2019·全国Ⅱ) [is→was 考查动词的时态。整篇文章使用的都是一般过去时，且上文中的“One was that...”用的也是一般过去时，所以最后一句话时态应为一般过去时。这里讲述当时做决定时的原因。故将is改为was。]
[典例2] Now my dream is to opens a cafe.Though it may appear simple，it required a lot of ideas and efforts.(2019·全国Ⅲ)
[opens→open 不定式作表语，to后用动词原形。故把 opens改为 open。
required→requires 后一句考查动词的时态。短文的主体时态是一般现在时。故把 required改为 requires。]
[典例3] I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident.(2019·全国Ⅰ) [interesting→interested 考查形容词。短语become interested in意为“变得对……感兴趣”。interesting有趣的，吸引人的，通常描述事物；interested感兴趣的，通常描述人的感受。本句主语是人，故把interesting改为interested。]
[典例4] If I succeed in manage one，I will open more.(2019·全国Ⅲ) [manage→managing 考查非谓词动词。succeed in doing sth.成功做某事。] 名师点津： 考生应认真分析动词的时态和语态是否正确，是否应用非谓语动词形式。尤其要根据上下文所提供的时间信息包括明信息：时间状语；暗信息：上下文语境仔细推敲，从而确定正确的动词时态。同时还需要考虑动词的及物与不及物以及主谓一致与虚拟语气。 二、名词的数
好好努力 梦想终会实现
1
高中英语讲义
名词单复数的错误设置一般包括以下三个方面：
1．可数名词单复数的错用：一般考查错把复数用作单数，有时也考查错把单数用作复数。 2．不可数名词单复数的错用：不可数名词没有复数形式。
3．可数名词与不可数名词混淆：有些词既可用作可数名词也可用作不可数名词，应注意具体语境。
解题时要理清可数与不可数名词之间的区别与联系；记清一些用于固定词组中名词的特殊用法。 [典例5] All the football player on the playground cheered loudly，saying that I had a talent for football.(2019·全国Ⅰ)
[player→players “player(运动员)”为可数名词，所以all(所有的)后需要用player的复数形式。故将player改为players。]
[典例6] Since I was a kid，I’ve considered different job I would like to do.(2019·全国Ⅱ) [job→jobs “job(工作；职业)”为可数名词，用different(不同的)修饰时意思为不同种类的工作，应该用名词的复数形式。故将job改为jobs。]
[典例7] I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city.(2019·全国Ⅲ) [city→cities many different后跟可数名词的复数形式。故把city改为cities。] 三、注意形和副
形容词和副词的错误设置一般包括以下两个方面： 1．形容词和副词的误用。 2．原级、比较级和最高级的误用。
[典例8] I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground.(2019·全国Ⅰ)
[hardly→hard “hard(用力地)”与“hardly(几乎不)”都为副词，但是词义不同。此处表示“我用力把球踢回操场”，故将hardly改为hard。]
[典例9] First，I wanted to be a fireman，whose uniform looked so coolly.(2019·全国Ⅱ) [coolly→cool 句中的look为系动词，系动词后需用形容词作表语。故将coolly改为cool。] [典例10] One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much better after seeing a doctor.(2019·全国Ⅱ)
[amazing→amazed amazed吃惊的，惊讶的；amazing令人吃惊的，令人惊讶的。v.ed形容词说明人的感受，意为“感到……的”；v.ing形容词描述人或事物本身具有的特征，意为“令人……的”，此处说明主语I的感受，故用v.ed形式的形容词。]
好好努力 梦想终会实现
2
高中英语讲义
[典例11] What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one.(2019·全国Ⅲ) [ordinarily→ordinary 修饰名词cafe应用形容词。故把ordinarily改为 ordinary。] 四、代词的格与数
代词的错误设置一般包括以下两个方面： 1．人称代词、物主代词、反身代词等。 2．不定代词的误用及混用。
[典例12] In the cafe，customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment that is created for them.(2019·全国Ⅲ)
[yourselves→themselves 此处指代主语customers，故把 yourselves改为 themselves。]
五、介词短语须关注
介词的错误设置主要考查介词短语和习惯用法的搭配。
[典例13] I want my cafe to have a special theme such as like “Tang Dynasty”．(2019·全国Ⅲ) [删除like such as和like都表示“例如”，句意重复。故把like删除。] 六、连词、从句常光顾
1．连词but，and，or，because，so的用法错误
考生应认真分析句子结构，如果是并列句或复合句，要特别注意前后分句或主从句的关系，确保在意义和结构上通顺流畅。
[典例14] Suddenly a football fell just in front of me but almost hit me.(2019·全国Ⅰ)
[but→and “足球落下来”与“打到我”两个动作是顺承关系，不是转折关系。故将but改为and。]
[典例15] When I studied chemistry in high school，I reconsidered my goal or decided to be a doctor.(2019·全国Ⅱ)
[or→and reconsidered my goal和decided to be a doctor之间为顺承关系，并非选择关系，故将or改为and。] 2．各大从句细揣摩
[典例16] One afternoon where I was in primary school，I was walking by the school playground.
(2019·全国Ⅰ)
[where→when 本句含有一个定语从句，先行词为One afternoon，且引导词在从句中作时间
好好努力 梦想终会实现 3
状语，应用关系副词when。故把where改为when。]
好好努力 梦想终会实现
高中英语讲义
4
1
高中英语讲义
(2019·河北唐山冲刺三)
Phil was a traveling salesman and he enjoyed drink alcohol very much.One day，he went to a strange town and spend the evening in a small restaurant.He’d drunk quite a lot and had just come out of the restaurant as he saw another men in the middle of the road.The other man had been in the restaurant，either.And he had drunk even more than Phil had.He’d obviously seen something strangely in the sky because of he was pointing up.“Excuse me，” the man asked Phil，“is that the sun and the moon？” Phil looked at it for a second and then said，“I’m afraid I can’t help him.I’m also stranger here myself.” 答案
Phil was a traveling salesman and he enjoyed to a strange town and
drink
alcohol very much.One day，he went
drinking
spend
the evening in a small restaurant.He’d drunk quite a lot and had just spent
asmen he saw another in the middle of the road.The other man had whenman
come out of the restaurant
either
been in the restaurant，.And he had drunk even more than Phil had.He’d obviously seen
toosomething
strangely
in the sky because of he was pointing up.“Excuse me，” the man asked
strange
and
the moon？” Phil looked at it for a second and then said，“I’m or
Phil，“is that the sun afraid I can’t help
him∧
.I’m also a stranger here myself.” you
2
好好努力 梦想终会实现 5
高中英语讲义
(2019·辽宁实验中学模拟)
I have lots of hobbies，like skating，painting，and surfing the Internet，and so on.Network is now wide used in people’s life.I can do such things as making friends，playing games and studying online，that greatly enrich my life.Network has changed the way we live and makes our life easy than before.Skating is a good way to exercise and it’s beneficial to our healthy，but I like painting best.My parents encourage me enjoy the painting process and the beauty of art.If my painting technique is not good，I really devote me to it.And I truly believe I would absolutely be the painter in the future. 答案
I have lots of hobbies，like skating，painting，and surfing the Internet，and so on.Network is now
wide
used in people’s life.I can do such things as making friends，playing games and widely
that
studying online， greatly enrich my life.Network has changed the way we live and makes our
whichlife
easyhealthy
than before.Skating is a good way to exercise and it’s beneficial to our ，but I easierhealth
∧
like painting best.My parents encourage me to enjoy the painting process and the beauty of Ifme
art. my painting technique is not good，I really devote to it.And I Though/Although/Whilemyselftruly believe I
wouldthe
absolutely be painter in the future. willa第一处：考查并列宾语。分析句子结构可知，like...为介宾短语。此处是并列宾语，根据and so on可知前面的and是多余的，故去掉。
第二处：考查词形转换。此处used是动词，由副词来修饰，故把wide改为widely。
好好努力 梦想终会实现
6
高中英语讲义
第三处：考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，引导词指代前面的整个句子，故把that改为which。
第四处：考查比较级。根据than可知此处应用比较级，故把easy改为easier。
第五处：考查词性转换。此处our是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，故把healthy改为health。 第六处：考查固定搭配。固定搭配：encourage sb.to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”。故在enjoy前加to。
第七处：考查状语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知此处是让步状语从句，故把If改为Though/Although/While。
第八处：考查固定搭配。固定搭配：devote oneself to“致力于，献身于”。故把devote后面的me改为myself。
第九处：考查时态。由句中的“I truly believe in the future”可知句子用一般将来时态，故把would改为will。
第十处：考查不定冠词。结合句意可知此处表示“泛指”，又由painter的发音是以辅音音素开头的，故把painter前的the改为a。
强化练(二)
1
好好努力 梦想终会实现 7
高中英语讲义
(2019·山东淄博二模)
It can be seen from the picture Mr Liu，who wears a mask，was walking his dog.Interestingly，his dog which also wears a mask.
In recent year，air pollution has become more and more serious in some areas，which have led to severe consequences.To solve this problem，firstly of all，we should raise the public awareness of protecting the environment.Secondly，the government ought to punish the illegal acts polluting the environment severe.Thirdly，we must do our best to protecting the environment in our daily life.Only in this way can human beings and animals share a pleasant planet or live a happy life. 答案
was∧
It can be seen from the picture that Mr Liu，who wears a mask， walking his
isdog.Interestingly，his dog which also wears a mask.
In recent
yearhave
，air pollution has become more and more serious in some areas，which yearshas
firstly
of all，we should raise the public first
led to severe consequences.To solve this problem，
awareness of protecting the environment.Secondly，the government ought to punish the illegal acts severeprotecting∧
polluting the environment .Thirdly，we must do our best to the ofseverelyprotectenvironment in our daily life.Only in this way can human beings and animals share a pleasant planet
or
live a happy life. and
好好努力 梦想终会实现 8
高中英语讲义
2
(2019·安徽师大附中检测)
My mom and dad are great cooks，but I always enjoy staying at home and having delicious food.I remembered when I was about six，all the kids in my neighborhood wanted hamburgers and chips，but some didn’t have money to buy it.So my father tried to make some on the weekend and asked them eat at my home for the free.The kids were very happier.It helped me make lots of friend.Now I often cooking for my parents，and they like my dishes，either.It’s really relaxing to sit around a table for my parents，eating and talking together. 答案
but
My mom and dad are great cooks， I always enjoy staying at home and having delicious
and/sofood.I
remembered
when I was about six，all the kids in my neighborhood wanted hamburgers and
remember
好好努力 梦想终会实现 9
高中英语讲义
chips，but some didn’t have money to buy
it
.So my father tried to make some on the weekend them
happier∧
and asked them to eat at my home for the free.The kids were very .It helped me make lots happyof
friendcookingeither
.Now I often for my parents，and they like my dishes，.It’s really friendscooktoo
for
my parents，eating and talking together. with
relaxing to sit around a table
3
(2019·湖北黄冈模拟) Dear Ms Smith，
I’m writing to ask whether you could do me favor.I’ve just finished an essay naming “Differences between traditional Chinese and Western festivals”，so I’m not sure whether it is well written.To be honestly，I’m not that familiar with some traditional Western festivals.That’s because I’m turning to you for help.I’d appreciate it if you could spare some time to look into
好好努力 梦想终会实现
10
高中英语讲义
my essay for possible mistakes and polish them.Also，I’m looking forward to your valuable advices.My essay has been sending to you along with this email.I hope it won’t cause you too much more trouble.
Thank you in advance.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
答案
Dear Ms Smith，
naming∧
I’m writing to ask whether you could do me a favor.I’ve just finished an essay namedso
“Differences between traditional Chinese and Western festivals”， I’m not sure whether it is
butwell written.To be
honestly
，I’m not that familiar with some traditional Western festivals.That’s honest
because
I’m turning to you for help.I’d appreciate it if you could spare some time to look why
intothem
my essay for possible mistakes and polish .Also，I’m looking forward to your
throughitvaluable
advicessending
.My essay has been to you along with this email.I hope it won’t cause advicesent
you too much more trouble.
Thank you in advance.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
4
好好努力 梦想终会实现 11
高中英语讲义
(2019·河南实验中学模拟)
It was a rain and cold night.I finish my evening classes and was about to go back to my house.I got into a taxi and told the driver my destination.To my surprise，the driver made an apology，says he didn’t know the way.What come a taxi driver didn’t know the way？I was a little of angry.At the moment，an old couple stopped our car.Their destination was the same as me，so he let them in.The two greeted us but the grandpa told the driver the way.From their conversation I knew the driver was a farmer and he has been a taxi driver just for three days.
I’m also new to Zhengzhou.Sometimes I make direction mistakes，but there is always a person can help me.It was cold outside，but I felt real warm. 答案
It was a
rainfinish
and cold night.I my evening classes and was about to go back to my rainyfinished
house.I got into a taxi and told the driver my destination.To my surprise，the driver made an saysWhat
apology， he didn’t know the way. come a taxi driver didn’t know the way? I was a
sayingHowlittle of angry.At the moment，an old couple stopped our car.Their destination was the same as mebut，so he let them in.The two greeted us the grandpa told the driver the way.From their mineandconversation I knew the driver was a farmer and he
has
been a taxi driver just for three days. had
I’m also new to Zhengzhou.Sometimes I make direction mistakes，but there is always a real∧
person that/who can help me.It was cold outside，but I felt warm.
really
好好努力 梦想终会实现 12
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