P73
1.风俗，习俗 custom 2.亲吻 kiss 3.鞠躬 bow 4.应该做某事 should do sth (should情态动词） =be supposed to do sth（be有人称时态变化）
=be expected to do sth①被期待做某事②应该做某事
5.和某人握手shake hands with sb (shake—shook-shaken)
6.首次、初次 for the first time 7.首次见面 meet for the first time
8.韩国的人们 /韩国人 people in Korea 9.巴西人首次见面应该做什么？他们应该亲吻。 What are people in Brazil supposed to do when they meet for the first time? ①They are supposed to kiss.②They are expected to kiss. ③They should kiss.
P74
1.以错误的方式向某人问候
greet sb. (in)the wrong way greet v.------greeting n. 2.应该问他应该穿什么如果她下一次被邀请去晚会。
Maria should ask what she is supposed to wear if she is invited to a part next time. 3.犯错误 make mistakes (in sth)
4.迎接外国学生的晚会 the welcome party for foreign students
5.交朋友 make friends 6.一。。。就 as soon as7.伸出我的手 hold out my hand
(hold—held—held) 8.因此我只是伸着我的手站着 So I just stood there with my hand out.
9.最后，我鞠躬回礼 Finally I returned the bow. 10.让某人惊讶的是 to one’s surprise
11.在。。。的两边 on both sides of 12.查清；弄清楚 find out 13.穿着不得体wear the
wrong clothes (wear-wore-worn)
P75
1.对。。。放松；对。。。随意 be relaxed about 2.匆匆忙忙，慌慌张张 rush around
3.晚点到 arrive a little late= arrive a bit late 4.顺便拜访某地 drop by sp.
(drop---dropped---dropped) 5.制定计划做某事 make a plan to do sth= plan to do sth
6.尽可能。。。地 as…as sb can / could = as …as possible
7.在我们的时常生活中我们珍惜和家人朋友在一起度过的时光。We value the time we spend with our
family and friends in our everyday lives.
8.按时是很重要的。It’s very important to be on time.
9.。。。的首都/的王国/的省会 the capital of..
10.毕竟，终究，别忘了 after all 11.在中午 at noon12.大动肝火；气愤 get mad 生某
人的气 get/ be mad at sb.13.做出努力 make an effort 努力做某事 make an
effort to do sth14.避开拥挤的交通 avoid heavy traffic15.（一直）让别人等 keep others
waiting16.做有趣的事 do something interesting去暖和的地方 go somewhere warm
17..没先打电话 without calling first 18. 不是大事 It’s no big deal.
19.你晚10分钟 you’re 10 minutes late.
P76
1.出国 go abroad (abroad是副词） 2.带护照 bring your passport 3.把黑板上的粉笔擦掉 clean the chalk off the blackboard 4.（飞机）起飞；脱掉；脱下 take off (动副结构） 5.进去前窍门 knock( at/on the door) before entering 6.如果你想理解另外一种文化这麻烦是值得的。
It is worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture. 7.值得做某事 be worth doing sth.
8. north----northern south---southern east---eastern west--western
P77
1.把。。。插入。。。里 stick …into…坚持做某事 stick to doing sth 2.在中国，用筷子敲空碗是不礼貌的。
In China, it’s impolite to use your chopsticks to hit an empty bowl. 3.用筷子指着人point at anyone with your chopsticks.
4.在桌旁 at the table 5.好的礼貌 good manners 坏的礼貌 bad manners (manners复数表示“礼貌、礼仪
P78
1.on my student exchange program 在我的交换生项目中
2.They go out of their way to make me feel at home.他们特地让我感到宾至如归
3.about my age 在我这个年龄4. be comfortable doing sth 对。。。感觉自在
5.It doesn’t worry me as it used to. 它并没有像过去一样让我担心
6.My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table.
7.be/get used to (doing )sth 习惯（做）某事 used to do sth 过去常常做某事
8.cut up （动副结构 “切碎”）
9. I find it difficult to remember everything, but I’m gradually getting used to it.10.except 除。。。之外 （不包括在内，即没做）
besides 而且，除。。之外（包括在内，即做了）
beside 在。。。旁边
expect 期待；期盼
11.suggest---suggestion(可数名词）
12.look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事，期盼做某事
Unit9
语法：定语从句
1.如果一个句子放在名词或代词之后，把这个句子叫作定语从句，翻译为”…的”; 这个被修饰的名词或代词叫作“先行词”; 引导定语从句的词叫作关系代词（that, which,who) 2.先行词决定关系代词 先行词 关系代词 物(表示物的名词） that 或which 人（表示人的名词） who 或that 3.3.关系代词在定语从句中通常担任主语或宾语；做主语时关系代词可省略；但当关系代词（that/who/which)在定语从句中做主语时，定语从句的谓语动词由先行词决定。 4.汉译英诀窍：
先行词（既放在“。。。的”后面的名词）+关系代词+从句（…的） 先行词是物： 物+（that/which+从句） 先行词是人： 人+（who/that+从句）
65----P66
一、更喜欢 prefer( preferred---preferred-preferring)
1.喜欢A胜过B prefer A to B (A.B用名词或动词ing形式）= like A better than B
2.喜欢A还是B prefer A or B 3.喜欢加有/带有B的A prefer A with B
4.宁愿做A也不愿做B prefer to do A rather than do B 5.prefer to do ------prefer not to do 二、背诵以下句子
1.我喜欢我能随着跳舞的音乐 I like music that / which I can dance to.
2.我喜欢我能随着一起唱的音乐 I like music that/ which I can sing along with. 3.我喜欢不太大声的音乐I like music that/which isn’t too loud.
4.我更喜欢有好歌词的音乐。 I prefer music that/which has great lyrics.
5.我喜欢演奏不同种类音乐的音乐家。I like musicians who/that play different kinds of music. 6我推断我讲只听一下我买的新的CD I suppose I’ll just listen to this new CD I bought. 7.我更喜欢让我思考的电影I prefer movies that give me something to think about. 8.如果那样的话，我将邀请喜欢严肃电影的人
In that case, I’ll ask someone who likes serious movies. 9.我喜欢能帮我在长长的一周工作之后让送的悦耳音乐。
I like smooth music that helps me relax after a long week at work.
10. 在某人的空闲时间 in/during one’s spare/free time
P67
1.坚持；固守 stick to (doing) sth 2.依靠，依赖；取决于 depend on 3.是某人振奋 cheer sb up 4.有圆满的结局 have a happy ending 5.尽某人最大努力做某事 try one’s best to do sth
6.笑两个小时是放松的好方法Laughing for two hours is a good way to relax 7.戏剧让我感到更加悲伤。Dramas make me feel even sadder.
8.充足；足够 plenty of = lots of = a lot of (加可名复或不可名） 9.为某人提供某物 provide sth for sb= provide sb. With sth 10.关闭；停止运转 shut off (动副结构，代词放中间）
11及时 in time 12.偶尔，间或 once in a while 13.害怕。。。 be afraid of (doing) sth
14.单独；独自 alone15.信息 information (不可数名词）
P68-69
1.自己作词 write one’s own lyrics 2.唱词清晰 sing the words clearly 3.不同寻常的 unusual P70
1.带我去音乐会 take me to a concert 2.strange---strangely
3.Under the beauty I sensed a strong sadness and pain.
4.It is one of the most moving pieces of music that I have ever heard.
5.The erhu sounded so sad that I almost cried along with it as I listened . 6. teach sb. to do sth (teach---taught---taught) 7.by the end of 截止到。。。末
8.A get married to B= A and B get married = A marry B （ 见到for, since, how long 要变为be married）
9.It is a pity that+句子 遗憾的是
10. 数词+ in total 11.praise sb. for sth 因某事表扬某人 12. live a very happy life 过着快乐的生活
13.have experience in doing sth有做。。。的经验
14. perform-----performance 15.pain----painful 16. sad---sadness 17.move v。移动， move to sp.搬到某地
感动 sth move sb. (moving 感人的，令人感动的）18. 能手，主人/掌握 master 19.反映；映出 reflect
Unit 8
语法：情态动词表猜测
（一）情态动词must, might, could, can’t表示推测，后面都接动词原形，都可以表示对现在情况的揣测和推断，但他们含义有所不同。 must 一定，肯定 (100%的可能性)
might, could有可能，也许 (20%－80%的可能性)
can’t 不可能，不会 (可能性几乎为零)
（二）常见情态动词用法
1.can’t ①不能，不会（表能力） ②不可能（表猜测） mustn’t 不应该，不允许，禁止（语气强烈） 2.must ① 必须 ②肯定，一定（表猜测） 3.Must……? Yes, sb. must.
No, sb needn’t. / No, sb don’t /doesn’t have to.
P57
1.whose “谁的” 对物主代词或名词所有格提问 who’s = who is “是谁”
2. 某物属于某人 sth belong to sb. ①（sb.用宾格me, you, him, her,it,us,them)
②belong to 是动词，其否定或疑问借助助动词do/does/did 3.某物是某人的 sth be +名词性物主代词/名词所有格
4. have a picnic 野餐 go to a picnic 去野餐；去野炊 at the picnic在野餐上
P58
1.attend主要指“到场”或“出席”会议、宴会、典礼、仪式等。 2.something/anything/nothing valuable 贵重的东西 3. the rest of … 剩下的，其余的 （做主语时，有of后的名词决定） 4.I think somebody must have picked it up. 我认为肯定有人已经捡起来了。 5.I’ll call them now to check if anybody has it. 6.What’s wrong with sb?某人怎么啦？(what 做主语，在宾语从句中不变语序）=what happened to sb? P59 1. next-door neighbor 隔壁邻居 in our neighborhood 在我们小区 2.noise（n.）----noisy (adj.) 3. have (too muh)fun doing sth做。。玩得开心 4.There be sth/ sb. doing sth.有某人正在做某事 There must be sb. doing sth.肯定有某人正在做某事 5.wolf-----wolves
P60
1.feel sleepy 感到困倦 （feel---felt--felt）
fall asleep 入睡 (fall---fell---fallen) 2. in the laboratory 在实验室里
3.wear a coat 穿着外套（强调穿的状态）
put on your coat 穿上你的外套 （强调穿的动作）
P61
1. a UFO 一个不明飞行物 an alien一个外星人 2.in the sky 在空中 3.run after 追逐；追赶
4.must/might/could/can’t be doing sth
5.--Why do you think the man is running? --He could be running for exercise. --No, he’s wearing a suit. He might be running to catch a bus to work.
P62
1. not only….but also 不仅。。。而且 （做主语时，谓语动词就近原则） 2.one of +最高级+名词复数…. “之一 ” 做主语时，谓语动词用单数
3.receive v.接待；接受；收到 ①Every year it receives more then 750,00 visitors. (接待）② receive sth from sb ③ receive a letter from sb. = hear from sb. 收到某人的来信 4.communicate with sb. 和某人交流；和某人沟通
5. arrive in/ at sp.= get to sp.= reach sp到达某地 6. point out 指出；指明 （动副结构词组）
point at…with…用。。。指着。。。
5. 预防 prevent illness 阻止某人做某事 stop/keep/prevent sb. from doing sth 6. keep的用法①保存；借 （与for连用） ②keep doing sth 一直做做某事；坚持做某事 ③keep sb. form doing sth 阻止某人做某事 ④keep sb. away from sp.让某人远离 ⑤keep+sb/sth+形容词
7.energy 能量；能力------energetic 精力充沛的;精力旺盛的
8.position位置、地方 the position of..
take one’s position取代某人的地位/位置 9.honor sb. 尊重某人；向某人表示敬意 It’s my honor to help you.帮助你是我的荣幸。 10.celebrate a victory over an enemy.庆祝战胜丽敌人
11.Why do you think the writer talked back to his mom when he was seven and nine years old ? 特殊疑问词+ do you think + 其它 如果去掉 do you think 特殊疑问词在剧中做主语，则语序
P49 不变，如果特殊疑问词不做主语，则后半部分要变成陈述句。
1.allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 allow doing sth 允许做某事 be allowed to do sth P52--53 Unit 7
被允许做某事 2.get driver’s license 拿到驾驶证 3.No way ! 没门 。 4. sixteen –year –old 16岁的 sixteen years old 十六岁 sixteen year –olds 16岁的青少年 5.worry about =be worried about 担心；担忧……….. 6.safe (adj) safety (n)安全 safely （adv） in safety 处于安全状态 7.part – time jobs 兼职工作 full-time jobs 全职工作 8. get/have sth done 使某事被做，请某人做某事 get/have one’s ears pierced打耳洞 get sb to do sth 使某人做某事。 9.one’s own sth 某人自己的……… 10.Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes .年轻人应该被允许选择他们自己的衣服 Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced .16岁的青少年不应该被允许打耳洞。 11.They aren’t serious enough .他们不够稳重/严谨 。 P50 1.silly 愚蠢（智力缺陷） foolish 愚蠢（仅指行为可笑，不代表智力） stupid 愚蠢（生性迟钝或者反应慢，有时是中性词） 2.be/get excited about 对………感到兴奋 3.take photos 照相 4.use a flash 使用闪光灯 5.He should stop wearing that silly earring .他应该停止带那个愚蠢的耳环。 put on 穿上（强调动作）wear 穿着（强调状态） dress up as ……打扮成………(强调经过精心打扮) 6.He doesn’t seem to have many friends . 他看起来没有许多朋友。 7.Mr .Smith says we must not take photos .斯密斯先生说我们一定不要照相。 P51 1.When I was a tiny baby crying all night , my mom sang to me and stayed by my side . 此处的crying 表示伴随，所以用现在分词。by my side 此处的by 译为“在………旁边” 2.make sure 确信 3.keep/ stop/prevent sb( away ) from sth/doing sth …………使某人远离某事/做某事。4.give sb a hug 拥抱某人 5.lift up 举起，提起（lift 外力把某物抬起来） rise 升起（自然升起，不受外力）6.talk back to sb 和某人顶嘴 7.awful dreams=scary dreams 噩梦 8.Please be back by ten !请在十点前回来 。此处的by为“截至到……” 9.regret doing sth 后悔做某事 regretted (过去式 过去分词) regretting （现在分词） 10.think back 回想起 ………the good old days/times 过去的旧时光 。 1.Do you think teenagers should be encouraged to make their own decisions ? 你认为年轻人应该被鼓励做他们自己的决定吗？ make one’s own decisions =make a decision for oneself 自己做决定 2.social work 社会工作 3.learn sth from sb/sth 从某事中学到 3. give sb a chance to do sth/ of sth 给某人一个做某事的机会 4．move out 搬出去，（军事）开始行动 5.manage to do sth 设法做某事（成功做成了） 6.continue doing 继续做同一件事情 continue to do sth 继续做其它的事情
7.take the test 参加考试 pass the test 通过考试 fail the test 考试不及格 take the test later 补考 8.be strict with sb 对某人严格 be strict in sth 对某事很严格 P54
1.get in the way of 挡……的路；妨碍 2. as much as 尽可能多的 3.see sb do sth 看到某人做过了某事 see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 4.have nothing against =not have anything against 不反对………. against 反对 5.end up as ………最终作为…… 6.enter university =get into the university 进入大学 7.be serious about sth =take sth serious 对某事严肃 8.talk about 谈论……… talk to /with sb 跟某人交谈 9.make a choice 做出选择 choice (n) choose (v) 10.Only then will I have a chance to achieve my dream .只有这样我才会有一个实现我的梦想的机会 此处 Only 位于句首，如果后面跟副词，介词短语或从句等做状语，则主句部分倒装。如果only 后跟主语，则不用倒装。achieve one’s dream 实现某人的梦想 11.keep off 保持关闭 12.My parents have always taught me how important it is to exercise every day . 我的父母亲总是教我每天锻炼有多么重要呀！
14.I am serious about this job .我对这个工作很看重 。 15.I have always wanted to be a scientist .我 总是想成为一个科学家。 16.My parents have nothing against my hobbies .我的父母不反对我的爱好。 17.I need to think about what will happen if I miss this chance . 我需要考虑如果我错过了这个机会将会发生什么。 18.I need to spend more time on my family .我需要花更多的时间在我的家庭上。
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