26个英文字母及发音音标

26个英文字母及发音音标如下:

A a [ei] B b [bi:] C c [si:]

D d [di:] E e [i:] F f [ef]

G g [d3i:] H h [eit∫] I i [ai]

J j [d3ei] K k [kei] L l [el]

M m [em] N n [en] O o [əu]

P p [pi:] Q q [kju:] R r [ɑ:]

S s [es] T t [ti:] U u [ju:]

V v [vi:] W w [′d∧blju:] X x [eks]

Y y [wai] Z z [zi:][zed]

以上我们可以看出,英语字母中有一些含有共同的元音音素。如:

1)含元音音素[ei]

字母: Aa Hh Jj Kk

音标: [ei] [eit∫] [d3ei] [kei]

2) 含元音音素[i:]

字母: Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv

音标: [bi:] [si:] [di:] [i:] [d3i:] [pi:][ti:] [vi:]

3) 含元音音素[e]

字母: Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz

音标: [ef] [el] [em] [en] [es] [eks] [zed]

4) 含元音音素[ju:]

字母: Uu Qq Ww

音标: [ju:] [kju:] [`d∧blju:]

5) 含元音音素[ai]

字母: Ii Yy

音标: [ai] [wai]

一般现在时

一. 意义：表示经常发生的事情，动作或存在的状态

二. 构成及变化

1.be动词的变化。

肯定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如： I am a boy.我是一个男孩。

否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。

一般疑问句： Be +主语+其它。 如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.

特殊疑问句\\+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?

2. 行为动词的变化。

当主语为第一，二人称及复数时，助动词为do

肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。如： We often play basketball after school.

否定句：主语+ don't+动词原形(+其它)。如：we don’t play basketball after school.

一般疑问句：Do +主语 +动词原形+其它?

如： Do you often play basketball after school ? Yes, we do. / No, we don't.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+以do开头的一般疑问句?

如： What do you often do after school ?

当主语为第三人称单数时 ,助动词为does

肯定句：主语+动词三单式(+其它)。如： He swims well.

否定句：主语+ doesn’t+动词原形(+其它)。如：He doesn’t swim well.

一般疑问句：Does +主语+动词原形+其它。

如：Does he swim well ? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+以does开头的一般疑问句?

如： How does your father go to work?

三.第三人称单数的动词变化规则(只有在第三人称为主语的肯定句中，动词才用三单式)

(1)多数动词直接加s: runs gets likes collets takes plays climbs…….

(2)结尾是s, x, sh, ch, o,前为辅音字母,结尾加es : watches teaches goes does washes crosses mixes brushes

(3)动词末尾y前为辅音: 将y改为i加es: study→studies fly→flies carry→carries cry→cries

但在y前如果为元音则直接加s: buys says

四.时间标志：always , usually , often , sometimes ,every…

现在进行时

一.意义——当表示现在正在进行的动作或正在发生的事。

二.构成:be (am, is ,are )+动词现在分词-ing形式

肯定句：主语 + be + 现在分词V-ing (+ 其他). I’m doing my homework now .

否定句：主语+be+not+动词-ing +其他. I’m not doing my homework now.

一般疑问句：Be+主语+动词-ing +其他?

Are you doing your home work now? Yes, I am . No , I’m not .

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+动词-ing+其他?What are you doing now ?