一、单项选择过去完成时
1.Arriving at the party hurriedly, we were disappointed to find that the band playing. A.stopped C.had stopped 【答案】C 【解析】
解析:匆忙地到达晚会,我们很失望地发现乐队已经停止演奏了。题干中的were disappointed的状态发生在过去,stop这个动作发生在其之前,故应用过去完成时。所以选C。
B.will stop D.has stopped
2.We to finish the work before dark, but the heavy rain held us up. A.meant C.had meant 【答案】C 【解析】
试题分析: 句意:我们本打算在天黑前完成这项工作,但是大雨耽误了我们。Mean to have done 和 had meant to do 表示“本打算做但是没做成”,类似用法的词还有plan,intend等,选C
考点:考查动词时态
B.was meaning D.would mean
3.Hardly ________ when she ________ someone knocking at the door. A.did she sit, heard C.had she sat, had heard 【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析:考查倒装句和时态。本句中放在句首的副词hardly,是一个表示否定含义的副词,放在句首谓语动词要使用部分倒装的形式。且hardly....when....意为“一...就...”,主句的动作发生在从句之前,时态要保持一致。句意:她一坐下来就听见有人敲门。故D正确。 【名师点睛】 请先看一道题:
a. I __________ seen such a good harvest! b. __________ I seen such a good harvest.
A. have never, Never have B. never have, Have never C. have never, Have never D. never have, Never have
此题应选A。这里考查的是否定词置于句首,句子用部分倒装的问题。一般说来,以下否定词位于句首,句子要用倒装(部分倒装—-用一般问句的形式):seldom, never, little, few, hardly, not, not until, in vain, in no way, by no means, on no account, no longer 等。如: Never does he come late. 他从不迟到。
B.did she sit, had heard D.had she sat, heard
Little did he know that the police were after him. 他一点也不知道警察在找他。 By no means shall I go there again. 我决不会再去那儿了。
Hardly had he arrived at the station when the train began to leave. 他一到车站,火车就开动了。
Few students did they see in the classroom. 他们在教室没看到几个学生。 Not a word did I ever say to him. 我从未对他说过一句话。
Not until all the fish in the river died did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was. 直到河里的鱼全死了,村民们才意识到污染是多么严重。 考点:考查倒装句和时态
4.She _________the sign language before she served as a volunteer to help the deaf. A.learns C.was learning 【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析:句意:她作为一名志愿者来帮助聋人之前已经学习了手语。由句意可知,学习手语在做一名志愿者之前,是过去的过去,用过去完成时,故选D。 考点: 考查动词时态的用法。
B.has learned D.had learned
5.Catherine came home happily, which suggested that she the final exam. A.had passed 【答案】A 【解析】
这题考查时态的用法:suggest做“暗示”讲,所以不用虚拟语气,因为通过考试是在回来前发生,所以用过去完成时。句意是:凯萨琳高兴地回来,说明她通过了考试。选A。
B.pass
C.would pass
D.should pass
6.When we _______the railway station, the train _______for 5 minutes. A.got to, had been away C.arrived, has been away 【答案】A 【解析】
这题考查时态,当我们到了火车站时,火车已经离开了5分钟了。因为火车离开是发生在我们到火车站之前,所以用过去完成时。
B.reached, had left D.arrived at, has left
7.---What’s wrong with your cell phone? I can’t get through. --- Oh, my line was cut off because I ________ my bill. A.haven’t paid 【答案】B 【解析】
B.hadn’t paid
C.wasn’t paying
D.don’t pay
本题考查时态。根据“我的线路被切断了”是过去发生的事情,而应为我没有付我的账单是在“我的线路被切断了”之前,故用过去完成时。选B。
8.By the time Jack returned home from England, his son. from college. A.graduated C.had been 【答案】D 【解析】
考查动词时态,By the time 截止到过去某时间为止做了某事,用过去完成时态。 A是一般过去时;B是现在完成时;C是过去完成进行时。根据句子意思“截止到Jack从英国返家,他的儿子已经大学毕业了。
B.has graduated D.had graduated
9.Mary was pleased to see that the seeds she ______ in the garden were growing. A.was planting B.has planted C.would plant D.had planted 【答案】D
【解析】考查过去完成时态。它表达的是在某个过去动作或时间点之前发生的动作,简单地说就是“过去的过去”发生的事情。句意:玛丽很高兴她在花园里种的种子正在生长。根据句意可知,种种子是在种子成长之前,故选D。
10.— Dad, we _________ the zoo-trip you promised us last week.
— Sorry my girls. I _______ to take you there this week, but I’ve been too busy. A.expect; intend
B.had expected; had intended C.are expecting; had intended D.expected; intend 【答案】C 【解析】
试题分析:考查动词时态。句意:上句:爸爸,我们想去你上周承诺带我们去的动物园。下句:抱歉我的孩子,我上周打算带你们去,但是我实在太忙了。根据对句意的分析和理解可知对话中没有提及是以前的对话。所以对话就是发生在现在,而在第一个分句中表达了想要去,而be going to即为想要做某事的意思;通过在第二个分句中表达的意思可知爸爸打算在过去带她们去动物园,并且对现在的结果也造成了影响,所以要用过去完成时,故选C。
考点:考查动词时态
11.----So Jack failed to be admitted by his dream university and is feeling quite depressed these days.
----It serves him right. I ____him more than once to take his study seriously. A.reminded B.have reminded
C.have been reminding D.had reminded 【答案】D
【解析】考查时态。上句:所以杰克没有被他梦想中的大学录取,感觉很沮丧。下句:他活该,我不止一次提醒他认真对待他的学习。此空的动作指的是“过去的过去”所以用过去完成时态,故选D。
12.When Mary arrived she found all her children ______ for nearly two hours. A.have gone to sleep C.was falling asleep 【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析:考查时态的辨析。这里选用过去完成时,表示事件发生在过去的过去,由found,我们可以发现是过去时态,但是孩子睡着这件事发生在她发现之前,故为过去的过去,句意为:当Mary到达时,她发先孩子们已经睡了将近两个小时。故选D。 考点:考查时态的辨析。
B.fell asleep D.had been asleep
13.---I will never forget when we met the famous writer
---Neither will I. He______ some goods and was at the checkout of a supermarket. A.had selected C.was selecting 【答案】A 【解析】
试题分析:考查时态。本题描述的是过去发生的事情,另挑选好物品是发生在在收银台等待这个行为之前,应用过去完成时表示过去的过去,句意:我永远忘不了我们遇见那位著名的作家。我也是。他那时是挑好物品之后在超市的收银台。故选A 考点:考查时态
B.has selected D.selected
14.Not until ________a third time ________that he had given birth to the reading system for the blind called Braille.
A.Louis Braille tried;he announced B.did Louis Braille try;he announced C.Louis Braille had tried;did he announce D.had Louis Braille tried;had he announced 【答案】C 【解析】
倒装句。句意:直到L布拉耶又尝试了一次,他才宣布成功发明了专为盲人阅读用的文字--Braille。Not until位于句首时,后面的从句不倒装,主句使用部分倒装,即把
be/do/will/have/can等提到主语之前,A、B两项的第二空未倒装,排除A、B;D项第一空不需要用倒装,排除D,故选C。
15.If you________ the failed experiences, you would not havemade such a mistake in your homework. A.refer to C.referred to 【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析:考查虚拟语气。表示假设的虚拟语气,用在对过去事实相反的假定上,从句用过去完成时had+过去分词,主句用would/should/might/could+have+过去分词。Refer to是一个固定结构,意思为查阅、参考。该句意思为:如果你参考一下这些失败经验教训的话,你就不会在你的作业中犯下如此的错误。故选D。 考点:考查虚拟语气。
B.have referred to D.had referred to
16.Never for one moment, believe it or not,_______ being faced with such a situation where a helping hand was greatly needed. A.I imagined C.I have imagined 【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析:考查倒装。never否定词放在句首,主句要部分倒装。此类词还有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not only…but (also), no
sooner…than, hardly… when ,scarcely… when 等等;句意:不管妳信不信,在那一刻我没能想象我要面对这样一个急需幫助的情況境地!B、D都为倒装句型,但主句谓语动作发生在过去的过去,排除B,故选D。 考点:考查倒装。
B.do I imagine D.had I imagined
17.The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he ______ some European partners. A.would meet C.meets 【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析:考查时态。不定式动作to have arrived说明发生在过去,定语从句met发生在过去的过去,故用过去完成时。句意:据说经理已经从巴黎回来了,在那里他会见了一些欧洲伙伴。故D正确。 考点:考查时态
B.is meeting D.had met
18.He said that his car________stolen and he________have to telephone the police. A.was; would
B.has been; will
C.had been; would 【答案】C 【解析】
D.had been; will
考查时态。宾语从句的主句谓语动词是过去式,从句应用过去的某种时态,故B、D排除;又因为汽车被偷,应发生在said之前,故应用过去完成时。
19.Mandy _________ adoption since her son’s death, but her husband didn’t agree with her. A.has considered C.is going to consider 【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析:句意:她儿子死后,Mandy考虑过收养,但是她的丈夫不同意。根据后面的动词形式和句意可知,前面的句子应该是过去完成时,A. has considered现在完成时;B. has been considering现在完成进行时;C. is going to consider一般将来时;D. had considered过去完成时。didn’t agree说明动作发生在过去,所以在过去之前发生的事用过去完成时,故选D。
考点:考查动词时态。
B.has been considering D.had considered
20.By the time my mother came back from work, my sister and I ________ supper and were waiting for her at the table. A.have cooked 【答案】C 【解析】
在英文中用by the time构成的从句修饰主句,主句通常用过去完成时,结构为had+过去分词,故本题选C。
B.were cooking
C.had cooked
D.would cook
21.I _________ to help you to do homework but I couldn't spare any time. I ________ a composition last night and I'll finish it tomorrow. A.wanted;wrote C.had wanted;wrote 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
考查动词时态。句意: 我本打算在家庭作业方面帮助你的,但是我抽不出时间。我昨天晚上整晚都在写作文,明天就能写完。第一空,句中为短语had wanted to do 本打算做某事,第二空表示时间段内正在进行的动作,故用过去进行时,综述选B。
B.had wanted;was writing D.wanted;have been writing
22.Entering the step-classroom (阶梯教室), I found the lecture ________ and the people ________ attentively.
A.began, listened C.had begun, listened 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】
B.was begun, was listening D.had begun, were listening
考查时态。句意:当我进入阶梯教室的时候,讲座已经开始了,观众正专心的听着。第一个空填过去完成时,表示讲座是在我进入前就开始了;第二个空填过去进行时,表示我进去的时候观众正认真的听着。故选D项。
23.When enough years _____ to enable us to look back, we sometimes discussed the events leading to his accident. A.went by 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
考查动词时态。句意:当足够长的时间过去后,我们可以回顾过去,我们有时讨论导致他发生事故的事件。结合下文we sometimes discussed可知“足够长的时间过去”发生在“讨论”之前,而discussed为一般过去时,故go by发生在“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故选C。
B.were to go by
C.had gone by
D.goes by
24.I __________ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it.
A.had hoped C.have hoped 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
考查过去完成时。句意:我本来计划在Peter结婚时送他一个礼物的,可是我没有做到。第二个分句中“couldn’t”用的是一般过去时,所以发生在它之前的动作用过去完成时。故选A。
B.am hoping D.would hope
25.―Why are you so excited?
—I met Tommy just now. We _____ each other for ages. A.haven’t seen 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
考查时态。句意:―你为什么这么高兴?―我刚才遇到汤米了。我们很久没有见面了。分析
B.didn't see
C.hadn't seen
D.don't see
句子可知,空处所要选择的动词的动作发生在“ met ”这个过去动作之前,也就是动作发生在过去的过去,所以本句为过去完成时。故选C项。
26.I insisted he______ back the wallet to the lady, but he insisted he______it. A.handed; didn’t steal C.hand; not steal 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
考查insist 用法。句意:我坚持说他应该把钱包还给那个女士,他坚持认为他没有偷。insist 后跟宾语从句分两种情况,一,表示坚持要去做某事(未做) insist+that从句(主语+should+动词原形)should可省也可以不省,但要记住动词一定要用原形,这是一种虚拟语气。二,但如果表对已经发生过的事的一种看法,(注意;是对已经发生过的事)则使用正常时态。根据句意可知,故选B项。
B.hand; hadn’t stolen D.handed; hadn’t stolen
27.(江苏)I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan _______ in the past two years.
A.had been carried out B.would be carried out C.is being carried out D.has been carried out 【答案】A
【解析】考查时态。句意:上个月我被派到村里去看看在过去的两年里发展计划是如何执行的。根据句中时间状语last month和in the past two years可知,空格处所用的动词carry out发生在sent之前,所以是“过去的过去”,故用过去完成时。故选A。
点睛:本题考查时态。句中包含的时间状语是解答此题的突破点,所以要做好此类题,一定要注意题中有没有明确的时间点,或者其他可以代替时间点的词,所以根据时间状语可以看出正确答案。本题的关键在于抓住题干中的两个时间状语last month和in the past two years,从而得出答案。
28.She ______ to clean out the spare room last week, but it was much too occupied at that time. A.intended 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
考查时态。句意:她上周本打算打扫那间空余的房间,但那时候房间太拥挤了。had intended to do sth.意为“本打算做某事却未做”;intend to do sth.意为“打算做某事”;was intended to do sth.意为“为了……”。intend/plan/mean都可以用过去完成时表示“本打算做……但事实没做成”。故选C。
B.was intended
C.had intended
D.was intending
29.—Got your US visa?
—Not yet. I ________ too busy to apply for an appointment, so I didn’t go to Shanghai last week. A.was B.have been C.had been D.would be 【答案】C
【解析】句意:——你得到美国签证了吗?——还没有,我过去太忙以至于没有申请,因此我上周没有去上海。根据后句时态可知,表示“过去的过去”应该用过去完成时。
30.I saw Jack in the lift this morning. He around here for a long time. A.won't be seen C.hasn't been seen 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】
考查过去完成时态的被动语态。句意:今天早上我在电梯里看见杰克。他好久没在这附近露面了。根据this morning可知,这是过去的事情;再根据for a long time可知,此空是更靠前的动作,且句子主语He和see之间是一种被动关系,所以用过去完成时态,故选D。
B.wasn't seen D.hadn't been seen
31.Lionel Messi playing for Barcelona claimed the 2019 Ballon d’Or on Monday, and before that he the award for five times. A.was winning 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】
考查过去完成时。句意:为巴塞罗那俱乐部打球的梅西在周一获得了2019年金球奖,在这之前已经获得过五次奖了。由本题时间状语before that可知,这句话应用完成时态,that指代的句子使用的是一般过去时,所以此题时态应用过去完成时。故选D。 【点睛】
过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或状态。它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”。表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作,也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。即“过去的过去”。可以用by,before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示,也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示,还可能通过上下文来表示。例如本题中,就是通过before与一个表示过去的时间状语从句来表示的。
B.would win
C.has won
D.had won
32.---Did you know any German before you arrived in Munich? ---Never______________ it, actually. A.had I learned C.I had learned 【答案】A 【解析】
B.did I learn D.I learned
【详解】
考查倒装和时态。句意:——来慕尼黑之前你懂德语么?——事实上我从来没学过。never位于句首,其后要进行部分倒装,而且此处表示的动作发生在arrived in Munich之前,也就是过去的过去,应该用过去完成时,故A项正确。 【点睛】
注意含有否定意义的词位于句首时,其后要进行部分倒装,常见的这类词包括:never,hardly,seldom,little,few, not until, by no means, nowhere, no longer。如:By no means could you tell him about this.你绝不能把这件事告诉他。Never in my life have I heard of such a thing.我一生中从未听过这样的事。
33.Recently, Prince Albert II of Monaco expressed his thanks for the aid they ___________ from China. A.receive C.have received 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】
考查时态。句意:最近,因为他们从中国得到的帮助,摩纳哥的Albert II王子表达了他的感谢之情。根据句意可知中国先提供帮助是在王子表达感谢之前就发生了,句中“expressed”使用了一般过去时,可知中国提供帮助应该使用过去完成时表示过去的过去所发生的事情。故D项正确。
B.are receiving D.had received
34.Silk ________ one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC . A.had become C.control 【答案】A 【解析】
试题分析:句意:到公元前100年为止,丝绸已经成为丝绸之路上交易的主要商品之一。时间状语是by+过去时间,谓语用过去完成时。故选A。 考点:考查动词时态。
B.reject D.abandon
35.________ the party ________ when he came? A.Did…begin B.Had …begun C.Has …begun D.Does…begin 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
考查时态。句意:他来时聚会已经开始了吗?此处when引导的时间状语从句的时态是一般过去时态,结合句意主句动作先于从句动作,应该用过去完成时态,故选B。
36.— What ______ when I phoned you? — I ______ my work, and wanted to go out. A.have you done;finished C.did you do; had just finished 【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析:考查时态:句意:我打电话给你的时候你在干什么?,我刚刚完成任务,我和你出去。第一个空填were you doing,用过去进行时,动作在打电话的时候正在进行中,第二空填,had just finished,说明是过去打电话的时候已经完成了,用过去完成时,可知选D。
考点:考查时态
点评:时态题的考查关键是抓住句子的上下文含义和句中的时间状语。要根据时间状语来选择合适的时态,在平时的学习中要注意积累有关时态的用法和各种时态的特殊之处。
B.were you doing;have finished D.were you doing; had just finished
37.---Have you seen your nephew lately?
---Yes, in fact, I saw him yesterday. I _______ him for three years. A.haven’t seen B.didn’t see C.hadn’t seen D.don’t see 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
考查过去完成时。句意:--你最近见你外甥了吗?--见了,我昨天见了他,我都三年都没见他了。根据前文I saw him yesterday可知,说话者在昨天之前有三年没有见了,故为过去的过去,因而用过去完成时,故选C. 【点睛】
考查过去完成时。过去完成时的结构为had done,被动形式为had been done,其表示过去的过去,常见的标志性短语by+过去时间,before。其中有些固定结构需要使用过去完成时,比如hardly…when…,no sooner…than…,It was the first/second time (that)…等固定句型中如:Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.他刚开始演讲,听众就打断了他。
38.—How was your job interview?
—Very successful. I ________ my homework about the company, you know. A.had done B.have done C.did D.was doing 【答案】A
【解析】考查时态。句意:——你的工作面试怎么样?——非常成功。我了解过这家公司。由第一句可知,参加面试是过去的行为,那么了解该公司应该是面试之前的行为,即
过去的过去,故该句应用过去完成时态。A选项正确。
39.—It’s really a surprise that I happened to meet Will, my old schoolmate in the art gallery last week.
—If my memory serves me right, you ________ each other for more than a decade. A.haven’t seen B.hadn’t seen C.didn’t see D.don’t see 【答案】B
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:——上周在艺术长廊我碰巧见到了老同学威尔,这太令我惊讶了。——如果我没记错,你们在那之前十年没见了。根据happened to可以推断出,在过去动作之前发生的动作用过去完成时,故选B。
40.His earlier concert in Shanghai____a big success.It was the first time the Taiwan singer____a concert on the mainland. A.is;held 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】
考查时态。句意:他早些时候在上海的演唱会非常成功。这是这位台湾歌手第一次在大陆举办音乐会。第一空:根据句意可知,此处描述的是过去的事情,应使用一般过去时;第二空:It was the first time后面的从句谓语动词使用过去完成时。故选D。
B.was;held
C.had been;would hold D.was;had held
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