一。Vocabulary Into Chinese
1. 给这个词下定义define the word；6。履行义务 perform ones duty
2. 反感这种对待 resent the treatment；7。缩小差距narrow the gap 3. 使学生沮丧 frustrate the students；8。扩大业务expand business 4. 宣战 declare a war ;9。陈述事实 present the facts 5. 对结果作出评估 evaluate the result
Into English
1. realize ones strengths and weakness认识自己的优缺点 2. enter the work world 进入职场
3. learn to handle ones personal finances学会理财
4. have excessive need for parental approval凡是征求父母同意 5. projective our future roles as men or women 为我们将来如何扮演男人活着女人的角色在做准备
6. internalize religious faith， value and morals 逐步培养和建立自己的宗教信仰、道德和价值观念.
7. learn to choose ones wardrobe学会选择着装 8. establish ones identity 确定个人身份
9. question and rebel against old ideas 怀疑并反抗就观念 10. defy and challenge authority 蔑视挑战权威
二．翻译
1。他对他的研究如此专心致志，从来没有过很快就要退休的念头。
He is so devoted to his research that it never occurs to him that he will soon have to retire。
2.很多人都曾说过，如果没有有效的制约，我们都有滥用权力的倾向.
Many people have observed that, without effective checks， we all have a tendency to abuse our power。
3有些国家拒绝卷入这一争端，而且他们对外国的干涉也非常反感。
Some countries refuse to get involved in this dispute and they resent any foreign interference.
4.控制沙尘暴需要大量的工作和时间。
The control of sand storms will involve a tremendous amount of work and money.
5。你们用这些技术的时候，必须考虑到当地的条件。 You have to take the local conditions into consideration when you apply these technologies。
6. 所有的申请者都必须填好这些表格，然后邮寄50美元的报名费。
All applicants will have to fill out these forms and mail in an
application fee of 50 dollars.
7. 他根据对孩子行为的观察得出结论:学习是一种自然的乐趣.
Based on his observation of children’s behavior， he came to the conclusion that learning is a natural pleasure。
8. 在一个多民族的国家里，各民族之间的和谐需要小心处理。
In a country of many nationalities， ethnic harmony requires very careful handling。
9. 政府决定严惩所有涉案的腐败官员.
The government is determined to punish all the corrupt officials involved.
10. 考试作弊并不经常发生,但一旦发生，学校会采取严厉的态度。
Cheating at/on exams does not occur very often。 But when it does, the school takes a very tough position。
第二单元
一.Vocabulary Into Chinese
1.a work of art 一件艺术品;9.intellectual pursuits 对知识的追求 2.bargain basement 廉价商品区 10。national character 民族的性格 3.printing press 印刷机 ；11.domino effect 多米诺骨牌效应
4.the source of quotation 引语出处12。a tool for advancement 晋升手段
5。literary criticism 文学批评; 13.hale and hearty 老当益壮 6.in the latter half of the century该世纪后叶14。the virtues of reading 阅读的好处
7.a liberal arts college 文学院；15。a sense of superiority 优越感 8.a man of action 实干家 Into English
1. 免于恐惧be free from fear；
2. 从他父亲那里继承财产 inherit property； 3. 和学生互动 Interact with；
4. 给年轻人做榜样 act as a model for young people 5. 对挑战做出反抗 react to the challenge 6. 反抗压迫 rebel against oppression 7. 渴望成功 aspire to success
8. 怀疑他们的动机be suspicious of their motives
9. 认真记住历史教训 commit the lessons of history to memory 10. 向这些人让步 give way to these people
11. 将这区域一分为二 divide the region into two parts 12. 干涉我们内部事务 interfere in our internal affairs 13. 主修土木工程(专业) major in civil engineering 14．把他们从绝望中救出来save them from despair
15.导致经济萧条 result in economic recession/slump/depression
二．翻译。
1.我们怀疑这本书也许已经不再印了。我去问书店的工作人员,他们说我说的对,这书已经绝版很多年了。
I suspected that the book might not be in print。I checked with the bookstore people ，and they told me that I was right。The book had been out of print for years。
2.这小说里有一个值得记住的故事，讲的是刘备如何尽量不引起曹操对他的雄心怀疑,因为如果引起怀疑，他的生命就有危险了。 One memorable story in the novel concerns how Liu Bei tried not to rouse CaoCao ‘s suspicion about his ambition，because if he did his life would be at stake。
3。当曹操称他为真正的英雄时，刘备吓的筷子都掉了。但是他聪明的掩盖了他那林人怀疑的举止.
When Cao Cao called him a real hero，Liu Bei was so shocked that he dropped his chopsticks. But he cleverly covered up his suspicious behavior。
4。第一个嫌疑犯是死者的儿子。警察怀疑他谋杀了他的父亲，因为邻居们在案发当晚曾听到他们打架。
The first suspect was the victims son。The police suspected him of murdering his father because the neighbors had heard them fighting on the night of the killing。
5。在学习当中,重要的不是把一切都记住,而是运用你的想象力，创造性的、批判性的去思考。
In learning,the important thing is not to commit everything to memory，but to use your imagination and think creatively and critically.
6他肯定是你能想象到的最可笑的窃贼了。他偷偷进了屋子，尽情的吃喝,最后酩酊大醉，一脸满足的笑容，直到第二天早上被发现. He must have been the funniest burglar imaginable。He broke into a house, ate and drank to his heart’s content , and remained dead drunk until discovered the next morning ， with a perfectly content look on his face。
7我现在记人的名字很困难。我想这肯定是年龄造成的。
I now have trouble remembering people’s names 。 I imagine it must result from old age.
8我们生活在很多想象的威胁当中，结果就常常感到沮丧。 We often live under many imaginary threats and feel disheartened as a result。
9.我怀疑我们的教师有时候低估了学生的智力。其实年轻人脑子里充满了想象。
I suspect we teachers sometimes underestimate student’s mental capacities。 Young people actually have very imaginative minds.
第三单元
一.Vocabulary
Into Chinese
1. 布置房间 decorate a room； 9。微风中清波荡ripple in the breeze
2. 使我魂系梦牵be my haunting memory
3. 深深吸了口气take a deep breath;10。在树上空盘旋 hover over the trees 4. 给予按时give a hint；11。兄弟之间的牢固纽带a bond between brothers 5. 伸长脖子 stretch ones neck； 12让你在上面走的地毯a carpet for you to walk on
6. 在河上漂流 drift on the river; 13“啪”的一声合起来snap the door to
7. 不再深究 let it go at that;14.在当时场合下过于严肃 be serious out of proportion to the occasion。
8. 竖起了它的耳朵 prick up its ears； 15.去野餐 go for a picnic 16伸手搂抱她 put ones arms around her
二．翻译。
1.他们都伸长脖子想看个究竟,就好像被一根无形的绳子牵着。 They all stretched their necks to see what was happening， as if pulled by an invisible string。
2.我们下车去伸伸胳膊和腿。我们前面是一片美丽的开阔地 We got out of the car stretch a little. In front of us was a beautiful stretch of open land.
3.他们连续谈判了好几个小时，但是仍然没有解决他们之间的分歧.
They talked for hours at a stretch， but they still failed to settle their differences。
4.尽管有温暖的天气、新鲜的空气和美味的佳肴，她们的健康仍然没有恢复。
For all the warm weather， fresh air and delicious food, her health still did not recover。
5。他瞟了那辆车一眼就知道它没法修了。他望望前面，只见一眼望不到头的沙漠，荒无人烟.他知道他陷入困境了。
One glance at the car, he knew that it was beyond repair。 He looked ahead and found the desert stretching as far as the eye could see without a soul in sight。 He knew that he was in a terrible fix。
6武松分力举起哨棒向老虎打去。但是哨棒“啪”的一声断了。而老虎毫发无伤。他一急打到附近树上去了。
Wu Song swung his stick at the tiger with all his strength. But the stick snapped and the tiger was unharmed. In his panic， he had hit tree nearby. 7.我非常喜欢你在俄罗斯拍的那些照片，尤其是那张上面有个马车夫坐在黑海边，膝盖上放着一块布,布上放着他晚餐的照片。
I am terribly found of the pictures you snapped in Russia, especially the one showing the Russia coachman sitting by the Black Sea with his supper in a cloth on his knees。
8---————---“这事您不能就此罢休。”我想他请求道。 -——--—--—-“这不关你事。”他厉声道。
——-—--—-—-“You cannot just let it go at that ，” I tried to plead with him。
----—--—-——“It is none of your business, ”he snapped。 9. 他“啪”地一下合上了公文包，站起来说:“就这么定了。\" He snapped his briefcase， stood up and said, “Then it’s all settled。\"
10. 海啸来的时候,他正站在小山上的家门口，离码头大概有一百米
远。
He was standing in front of his house on a hill, only about a hundred meters apart/away from the wharf when the tsunami came。
第四单元
一.Vocabulary Into Chinese
1. 互相挠背 scratch each other’s backs 2. 不出版，就完蛋 publish or perish
3. 将人民币变成可代换的货币 make RMB convertible 4. 寻找真理 seek the truth 5. 抛弃习俗 discard conventions
6. 讽刺人的虚荣和奢侈 satirize peoples vanity and extravagance 7. 那岛上没人住，并且因为没有饮用水，也没法住人The island is uninhabited, and being without drinking water, is also uninhabitable. 8. 钦佩他们的勇气 admire their courage/guts/bravery 9. 玩忽职守 neglect ones duty
10. 逃避后果 escape/avoid the consequence 11. 从记忆中消除erase/delete sth from ones memory 12. 负责指挥 take command
13. 挡路 block the way/stand in the way/be in ones way 14. 毁掉名誉 ruin ones reputation/name Into Chinese
1. neglected fortifications 年久失修的防御工事 2. perishable goods 易变质的商品
3. a squatters hut 临时占用或建造的简陋小屋 4. a storage jar 储物缸
5. conventions of society 社会旧习 6. tottering drunks摇摇晃晃的酒鬼 7. a hermits cave隐士住的山洞 8. the man of the hour当前的风云人物 9. heroic figures英雄人物 10. an air of destiny决定未来的气势 11. a fiery glance咄咄逼人的眼光 12. war scare对战争的恐惧 13. a shower of stones落石如雨
14. a handful of trouble—makers一小撮捣乱分子
二．翻译（P97)
Account possess form roll
1。 Only in this way can we give a reasonable account of his strange behavior。
2。 She claims to possess a magic power—the power to cure diseases simply by the touch of her hand.
3. He appointed five people to handle the case。 They formed a strong team. Within days they found in his possession rolls of Euros， US dollars and large quantities of valuables the source of which the suspect could not account for。
4. In the story， this evil spirit often appears in the form of a pretty young lady.
5. He rolled up the painting and said that he wouldn’t part with it for less than a million dollars。
6. Of all the qualified judges， I don’t know on what account she was appointed to the Supreme Court.
7. I don’t know enough to form an elaborate theory, but I'm sure that poverty alone can’t account for the increase of the crime rate。
8。 A big stone suddenly rolled down the hill, so big that it smashed the truck to pieces。
9。 I said that we must roll up our sleeves and start working， but he just rolled his eyes philosophically and smiled.
10。 In ancient times， our philosophers believed that a good king should be the people as a good father is to his children。 He must never treat
them cruelly on any account.
第五单元
一。Vocabulary Into Chinese
1. 塑造他们的思维模式mold their thinking 2. 克制冲动 restrain one’s impulse 3. 涂上黄油 spread butter
4. 搭好舞台，创造条件 set the stage 5. 污染环境 contaminate the environment 6. 经历巨大的痛苦 undergo great suffering 7. 喷油漆 spray paint 8. 使噪音停止 still the noise 9. 缓和语气 modify the tone
10. 造成未曾见过的伤害 work unknown harm 11. 挖一口井 sink a well 12. 获得权力 acquire power 13. 抛弃朋友 desert one's friends 14. 解决争端 settle the dispute 15. 赏心悦目 delight the eye 16. 入侵那个国家 invade that country
Into Chinese
1. evil spell邪恶的咒语
2. browned and withered vegetation焦黄的草木 3. harsh reality严峻的事实 4. air contamination空气污染 5. lethal weapons致命的武器 6. synthetic material人工合成的武器 7. an inventive mind有创造力的头脑 8. brand names品牌名 9. chemical war化学战争 10. advance investigation事先调查 11. a life—and-death struggle生死斗争 12. introduced species外来物种 13. natural reserves自然保护区
14. intensification of agriculture农业集约化/农业的精耕细作
二．翻译(P121)
1。造房子不是开玩笑的事，你们每一步都必须仔细检查。
Building a house is no joking matter。 You have to check carefully at every step.
2。他的部队成功地阻止了敌人的前进。这些敌人原先地企图是要来一个突然袭击。
His troops successfully checked the advance of the enemy whose original intention was to make a surprise attack。
3.我当时很想反驳他的观点,但是我克制住了，因为我觉得那种场合不
合适。
I really wanted to refute his arguments, but I checked myself because I thought it was not the right occasion.
4.雷切尔·卡森以将她的一生都奉献给了环保事业而闻名。 Rachel Carson is famous for devoting all her life to the cause of environmental protection.
5.在某些方面,我们对这些大坝和水库潜在的危害仍然一无所知。它们可能造成不可恢复的环境变化。
In some ways we are still ignorant of the potential harm of these dams and reservoirs。 They might cause irrevocable changes in the environment.
6。应该有一整套平衡制约的手段，这样才不会由一个人在没有得到老百姓同意，在他们不知情的情况下制定关系国家利益的重要国策 There must be a set of checks and balances so that no important policy concerning national interests can be made by one person without the consent and knowledge of the people。
7.要想在竞争中获胜,我们必须适应新的形势。比如这些花花绿绿的衣服就是特别设计的，他们针对的是年轻人的市场.
To compete successfully we have to adjust to new conditions. These colorful garments, for example, are specially designed。 They are intended for the youth market。
8.我们教师如果对学生的健康情况缺少关心，那是不能原谅的。
We teachers can’t be excused for our lack of concern for students’ health. 9.他说他宁死也不愿永远卧床不起，与外界隔绝。
He said that he would rather die than be confined to bed all his life and isolated from the outside world。
10。一场群众抗议席卷了全球 ,将他置于左右双方的交叉力当中。 A mass protest swept the country and he was caught in a crossfire from both the right and the left。
第六单元
一.Vocabulary Into Chinese
1. drug taker/user/addict吸毒者/瘾君子 2. drug addition毒瘾
3. addictive drugs令人上瘾的药物 4. drug abuse毒品滥用 5. drug traffic毒品交易 6. drug pusher毒品贩子
7. drug-related crimes and death与毒品有关的犯罪和死亡 8. vested interest既得利益
9. the Bureau of Narcotics麻醉药品管理局 10. the criminal underworld黑社会
11. remove the criminal stigma去掉犯罪的污点 12. the forbidden fruit attraction禁果的诱惑
13. treatment centers治疗中心
14. an ugly gaping hole令人讨厌的大漏洞 15. law enforcement执法 16. repeal a law废除一条法律
17. legalization proponent/advocate and opponent合法化的赞成者和反对者
18. deglamorize drug—taking使吸毒失去魅力
19. to launch a relentless anti-smoking campaign 反动一场毫不手软的禁烟运动
Into Chinese
1. 戒除毒瘾kick drug addition
2. 证明这一理论错误disprove the theory 3. 开始一个犯罪高潮start/launch a crime wave 4. 染上酒瘾get hooked on alcohols 5. 贩卖毒品push drugs
6. 进一步宣布吸毒为非法further criminalize drug—taking 7. 使赌博合理化legalize gambling
8. 给教育注入经费pump funds into education 9. 力不从心bail out the ocean with a teaspoon 10. 消除毒瘾eliminate drug addition 11. 废除法律 repeal the law 12. 没有抓住问题的要害miss the boat
13. 低估后果的严重性underestimate the seriousness of the consequence
14. 没收财产confiscate property
15. 使已有成就相形见绌dwarf the previous achievements 16. 压价出售undercut the price
17. 使香烟失去魅力deglamorize cigarettes 18. 展示新形象project a new image 19. 禁止电视广告ban TV ads
20. 采取更为压制的措施take more repressive measures
二．翻译
1。我们都知道可卡因是容易上瘾的。海洛因也一样。但实际上，权力和金钱也同样使人上瘾。那些上瘾的人其实都是严重的病人。
We all know that cocaine is addictive。 So is heroin。 But actually power and money are addictive too。 Those who get addicted to them are really very sick people。
2. 科学家们一直以来在主张退耕还田，把心开垦的地换给江河湖泊，沼泽草地.
Scientists have been advocating returning reclaimed land to rivers， lacks， marshes and meadows。
3. 根据很多经济学家的说法,政府玩就那些资不抵债的公司不一定是个好主意.有时一个处于破产边缘的公司，最好就让它破产.
According to many economists, it is not always a good idea for the government to bail out financially insolvent companies. Sometimes, a company on the verge of bankruptcy is better allowed to go bankrupt.
4. 他被逮了个正着.又无可辩驳的证据证明他在书里有整整一章是从另一个教授的书里原封不动地抄袭过来的
He has been caught red—handed. There is indisputable evidence that a whole chapter of his book was bodily lifted from a book written by another professor.
5. 他们政府早已有法律禁止珍稀鸟类和兽类的进出口。但是 要实行该法律并不容易。
Their government long since passed a law to ban the import and export of rare species of birds and animals。 But the law is not easy to enforce。
6。现在很难让年轻人相信，曾经有过这么一段时期，中国妇女被禁止穿裙子。牛仔裤、外国电影、音乐都被禁止了.
It is hard to make young people believe nowadays that there was a time when Chinese women were banned from wearing skirts. Jeans, foreign movies and music were all forbidden.
7. 在黑暗中，我们的船触了礁,船底留了一个大洞。我们都拼命设法把水从船里弄出去，但船在快速下沉.幸亏附近有一条渔船，是我们绝处逢生。
In the darkness our ship hit a hidden rock， which left a gaping hole in the bottom。 We all tried desperately to bail out the water， but the boat was sinking fast。 Luckily a fishing boat was nearby and saved us from drowning。
8。 示威者要求立即取消经济制裁，因为它通常只会伤害无辜百姓 。
The demonstrators demanded that economic sanctions be lifted immediately because they usually only hurt ordinary, innocent people。
9。 会上倡导者和反对者都摆出了强有力的观点.但大多数人赞成将进一步的改革立即提上日程。
At the meeting, both the advocates and opponents gave strong arguments, but most participants favored having further reforms placed on the agenda immediately.
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