（Welcome+to+the+unit+&+Reading）和答案
Section Ⅱ Language points(Ⅰ)(Welcome
to the unit & Reading)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词。
1．After the accident we examined the car minutely for signs of damage(损坏)． 2．The bank will bring pressure(压力)to bear on you if you don't pay. 3．It's going to be some time before I recover(恢复)my full strength.
4．It makes me feel fresh and energetic(精力充沛的)throughout the whole day. 5．She's always dieting(节食)but she never seems to be thinner. 6．When I began to sing，he laughed and made me embarrassed． 7．He said that he preferred to stay at home rather than go with us. 8．Most parts of the African country have suffered from drought(干旱)in recent years.
9．It is not good for young ladies to keep slim at the cost of their health. 10．I'm on a diet now because I am overweight． Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词。
1．fail v．失败；不及格→failure n．衰退，衰竭；失败；故障，失灵 2．chemist n．化学家；药剂师→chemical n．化学物质adj.化学的→chemistry n．化学
3．treat v．治疗；对待→treatment n．治疗；待遇；处理 4．pain n．疼→painful adj.令人疼痛的，痛苦的 5．attract vt.吸引→attractive adj.有吸引力的，有魅力的 [寻规律 巧记忆])
v.＋-ive→adj. - 1 - / 15
v.＋-ure→n. 2019-2020同步译林英语必修一新突破讲义：Unit+3+Section+Ⅱ Language+points（Ⅰ）
（Welcome+to+the+unit+&+Reading）和答案
act→active积极的 create→creative有创造力的 impress→impressive印象深刻的 Ⅲ.补全短语 根据提示补全下列短语。 1．hear from 2．work out 3．lose weight 4．be ashamed of 5．at the moment 6．insist on 7．follow one's advice 8．hear about/of 9．be embarrassed about 10．go on a diet Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空。
press→pressure压力 close→closure关闭 struct→structure结构 收到……的信件(或电子邮件等) 锻炼；计算出；解决 减肥 感到羞愧 目前，此刻，此时 坚持
听从某人的建议 听说
对……感到尴尬的 节食
1．It took me some time to work out what was causing this. 2．You should be shamed of yourself for telling such a big lie. 3．Since there was no one there，I was safe from being killed at the moment． 4．Thanks for your last message；it was great to hear from you. 5．He suggested the king go on a diet to lose some weight. [寻规律 巧记忆]
be＋adj.＋of→动词短语 be afraid of对……感到害怕 be proud of对……感到骄傲 be guilty of犯……罪 v.＋(out)→动词短语 look out小心，当心 pick out挑选出来 put out伸出；扑灭
背教材原句 记句式结构 仿写促落实 - 2 - / 15
2019-2020同步译林英语必修一新突破讲义：Unit+3+Section+Ⅱ Language+points（Ⅰ）
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1.Which do you think is more important，eating well or doing exercise？ 你认为吃得好和体育锻炼哪一个更重要？ 2.I think you look great as you are，and you're a wonderful person. 我觉得你目前这个样子看上去就很棒，而且你是一个非常优秀的人。 “nothing＋be＋3.However，your mother knows 比较级＋than...”best：nothing is more important than health. 然而，你妈妈最清楚：没有什么比健康更重要。 句型，表示“没有什么比……更……”。该结构用比较级表示最高级含义。 4.However，no matter what I do，my efforts to lose weight always end in failure. 然而，无论我做什么，我减肥的努力总是以失败告终。 5.However，I do worry that my weight might damage my health. 然而，我真的担心我的体重会损害我的健康。 no matter what＝whatever“无论什么，不管什as引导方式状语从句(从句通常是省略句)。 do you think作插入语，其后的句子用陈述语序。 Who do you think is the best player in our team？ 你认为谁是我们队最好的运动员？ He does not want to take things as they are. 他不愿意安于现状。 Nothing is more interesting than fishing. 没有什么比钓鱼更有趣了。 No matter what/Whatever she said，he would not mind. 么”，引导让步状无论她说什么，他都不会语从句。 “do/does/did＋动词原形”强调谓语动词。 介意的。 He did tell the truth yesterday. 昨天他确实说了实话。
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2019-2020同步译林英语必修一新突破讲义：Unit+3+Section+Ⅱ Language+points（Ⅰ）
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work out 锻炼；计算出，想出；制定出(计划等)；了解(某人的性格)；解决；结果，(形势/事态)成功地发展
(教材P42)I used to go to the gym three times a week，but I don't work out any more.
我以前常去健身房，一周三次，可我现在不再锻炼了。
写出下列句中work out的含义
①I have just worked out a plan.制订
②I have never been able to work her out.理解，了解
③For example，by working out every day，you will build up your body.锻炼 ④I'm just trying to work out how much I spend each month.计算出
⑤You can't predict everything.Often things don't work out as you expect.成功地发展
work for work with work on/at out of work at work 为……工作，为……尽力；努力取得 与……共事 致力于/从事于…… 失业 在工作 ⑥He has spent the last years working on a book about childcare. 最近几年他一直致力于撰写一本关于育儿的书。 ⑦He had an accident at work. 他在工作中出了一次事故。 ⑧He is working on/at losing weight. 他正致力于减肥。
⑨He is a very nice person to work with． 他是一个很好共事的人。 figure n．体形；数字；人物
(教材P42)Most young women want a slim figure these days，especially here in Canada.
如今，大部分年轻女性都想拥有苗条的身材，在加拿大这里尤其是这样。
写出下列句中figure的含义
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2019-2020同步译林英语必修一新突破讲义：Unit+3+Section+Ⅱ Language+points（Ⅰ）
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①Being a public figure today，however，is a lot more difficult than it used to be.人物
②He has an income of six figures.数字 ③I'm dieting to keep my figure.身材 (1)keep/lose one's figure (2)figure vt. figure out figure＋that 从句 保持/破坏身材 认为；料到；计算 计算出；(好好思考以)理解 认定……；认为…… ④We all want to know how she manages to keep her figure. 我们都想知道她是如何设法保持自己的身材的。
⑤I figured that if I took the night train，I could be there by morning. 我认为，如果我坐晚上那班火车，第二天早上就可以到那儿了。 ⑥It took me several hours to figure out your income tax. 我花了好几个小时才算出你的所得税。 [图形助记]
ashamed adj.惭愧的，羞愧的
(教材P42)I'm trying to lose weight because I'm so ashamed of my body. 我正在努力减肥，因为我的体形让我觉得非常羞愧。 (1)be/feel ashamed of/at... be/feel ashamed to do sth. be/feel ashamed that... (2)shame n. to one's shame It's a shame that... (3)shameful adj. 为……感到羞愧 羞于做某事 对……感到羞愧 羞愧，惭愧 令某人感到羞愧的是 真遗憾…… 可耻的，丢脸的 ①You should be ashamed of yourself for telling such lies. - 5 - / 15
2019-2020同步译林英语必修一新突破讲义：Unit+3+Section+Ⅱ Language+points（Ⅰ）
（Welcome+to+the+unit+&+Reading）和答案
你撒这样的谎应该感到羞耻。
②Only those who have no sense of shame can do such shameful things. 只有那些没有羞耻感的人才能做出这样可耻的事。 ③To my shame，I forgot his birthday. 令我感到羞愧的是，我把他的生日忘了。
④Jim was ashamed to have troubled(trouble) me with so many questions. 吉姆因麻烦我那么多问题而感到羞愧。 [名师点津]
ashamed不能放在名词前作定语，只能用作表语或宾语补足语及主语补足语。同样用法的还有alone，asleep，awake，alike，aware，alive等。当这类词本身被副词修饰时，则可以放在名词前，如：a very ashamed girl。
recover vi.复原，恢复健康 vt.重新获得，恢复 (教材P42)I'm now in hospital recovering from liver failure. 我现在住院了，患的是肝衰竭，正在恢复中。 (1)recover from... recover oneself recover one's health/strength (2)recovery n. 从……中恢复、痊愈 恢复健康；清醒过来，镇定下来 恢复健康/体力 康复，复原 ①It took him minutes to recover his breath after a long running. 一段长跑之后，他花了好几分钟才恢复正常呼吸。 ②The doctor said he would recover himself in a day or two. 医生说他一两天以后就会清醒过来。 ③He is still recovering from his operation. 他仍在手术后的恢复之中。
④His mother made him orange juice every few hours for more vitamin，which would help his recovery(recover)．
他妈妈每隔几小时就给他做橙汁用以补充维生素，这样有助于他痊愈。 contain vt.包含；容纳
(教材P42)They contain a harmful chemical that caused my liver to fail.
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2019-2020同步译林英语必修一新突破讲义：Unit+3+Section+Ⅱ Language+points（Ⅰ）
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那些减肥药里含有一种有害的化学物质，导致我肝功能衰竭。 (1)contain vt. contain oneself (2)container n. 控制，克服，抑制(感情) 控制自己 容器 ①Food will last longer if kept in an airtight container. 如果贮藏在密封的容器里，食物能保持比较久的时间。 ②He was so excited that he could hardly contain himself(he)． 他激动得不能克制自己。 [明辨异同] contain/include contain 多指包含所含之物的全部，还指某种物质含有某种成分或其他物质。侧重含的量与成分 include 多指包含所含之物的一部分。强调整体与部分的关系 contain，include ③His schoolbag contains a lot of books，including a cartoon book. damage vt.&n.损害，伤害
(教材P43)My mother is right：don't damage your health for a slim and attractive figure.
我妈妈是对的：不要为了苗条、诱人的身材毁了自己的健康。 (1)damage one's health (2)cause/do damage to... (3)damaging adj. 损害某人的健康 使……受到损害；对……造成损坏 造成破坏的；有害的；损害的 ①Smoking seriously damages your health. 吸烟严重损害人体健康。
②Lead is potentially damaging to children's health. 铅对儿童的健康具有潜在损害。
③Haze has caused serious damage to the people in north China.雾霾给华北的人们造成了严重的危害。
[明辨异同] damage/destroy/ruin
damage 指部分性的损坏，不一定全部损坏，损坏部分往往可以修复。除- 7 - / 15
2019-2020同步译林英语必修一新突破讲义：Unit+3+Section+Ⅱ Language+points（Ⅰ）
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用作动词外，还可用作名词，常构成短语：do/cause damage to...“对……造成损坏”。 常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破坏，毁坏”，程度较深，强destroy 调“毁坏”的力度和彻底性；也可用于损坏抽象的东西，比如名誉、计划、努力、契约等。 亦指彻底毁掉，但不含有以某种摧毁性的力量进行破坏，而含有ruin 在一定的过程中逐渐毁掉的意思，强调使某物失去优良的特性或特征。 damage，destroy，ruin ④After the earthquake，many buildings were destroyed，but the local people still repaired the damaged ones and rebuilt the new ones to keep their hometown from coming to ruins．
embarrassed adj.尴尬的，不好意思的，难为情的 (教材P43)We shouldn't be embarrassed about our weight. 我们不应该因为自己的体重而感到难为情。 (1)be/feel embarrassed at/about be/feel embarrassed to do sth. (2)embarrassing adj. (3)embarrass vt. (4)embarrassment n. to one's embarrassment 对……感到尴尬 做某事感到尴尬 令人尴尬的 使尴尬；使困窘；使局促不安 尴尬，窘迫 使某人感到尴尬/窘迫的是 ①Many adolescents should not be too embarrassed about their weight，as long as it is not overweight.
只要不是过度肥胖，很多青少年不应该对他们的体重感到太尴尬。 ②He was embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job. 他很不好意思和他的妻子谈工作上的任何事情。
③Much to her embarrassment(embarrass)，she realized that everyone had been listening to her singing.
她意识到大家一直在听她唱歌，感到很不好意思。
④Madame Michel found herself in an embarrassing position，and therefore she felt
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2019-2020同步译林英语必修一新突破讲义：Unit+3+Section+Ⅱ Language+points（Ⅰ）
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rather embarrassed．(embarrass)
米歇尔夫人发现自己处境尴尬，因此她感到相当尴尬。 diet n．节食；日常饮食 vi.节食，控制饮食
(教材P43)It's the same in China—many people，some of whom are not
overweight at all，are always going on a diet or taking weight-loss pills，which are often dangerous.
在中国也有这样的情况——许多人，其中有些人根本就不超重，总是在节食，或者吃减肥药，这些做法往往是危险的。
(1)be on a diet go on a diet a balanced diet (2)dieter n. 节食减肥，正在节食(强调状态) 节食，减肥(强调动作) 均衡的饮食 节食者；限制饮食的人 ①If you want to go on a diet to lose weight，you must keep away from junk food. 如果你想节食减肥，就必须远离垃圾食品。 ②He is on a diet to reduce some weight. 他正在节食以减轻体重。
③We should have a healthy，balanced diet. 我们应该有一个健康和均衡的饮食。 prefer vt.更喜欢
(教材P45)Instead，I prefer to exercise at home，and it seems that I am always going on a diet.
相反，我更喜欢在家锻炼，这样看上去我就像一直在节食一样。 prefer A to B 比起B来更喜欢A prefer to do A rather than do B＝prefer doing A to doing B prefer sb.to do sth. prefer＋that从句 宁愿做A而不愿做B 宁愿/更希望某人做某事 宁愿…… ①I prefer the seaside to the mountains. 相比于山区，我更喜欢海边。
②I prefer that someone else (should) do this.
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2019-2020同步译林英语必修一新突破讲义：Unit+3+Section+Ⅱ Language+points（Ⅰ）
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我宁愿让别人来做这件事。
③We'd prefer playing outdoors to watching(watch)television. 我们宁愿在外面玩而不愿看电视。
④He preferred to stay(stay)at home rather than go out. 和出门比起来，他比较喜欢待在家里。 [名师点津]
(1)prefer本身具有比较的意味，相当于like...better，因此不能再与better、more等词连用。
(2)prefer后面的to有时为介词，如prefer doing sth.to doing sth.；有时为动词不定式符号，如prefer to do sth.，在使用时要注意区分。
suffer vt.&vi.受苦；遭受(磨难)
(教材P45)There is news about a Canadian actress who suffered liver failure because of taking those pills.
有一条消息说有一位加拿大的女演员因为吃了那些药患上了肝衰竭。 (1)suffer from... (2)sufferer n. (3)suffering n. sufferings n. 忍受/遭受……；患……病；受……之苦 受苦者，受难者 疼痛；折磨 痛苦；苦恼 ①Those who suffer from the same illness pity each other.同病相怜。 ②Our government does care about the sufferings(suffer) of ordinary people. 我们的政府的确关心普通老百姓的疾苦。 [名师点津]
suffer作及物动词时，后跟表示不愉快或损失的词语，如：pain，defeat，loss，poverty，hunger，hardship等。suffer from后面一般跟的是伤痛、疾病等引起痛苦的原因。
(教材P43)I think you look great as you are，and you're a wonderful person.
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2019-2020同步译林英语必修一新突破讲义：Unit+3+Section+Ⅱ Language+points（Ⅰ）
（Welcome+to+the+unit+&+Reading）和答案
我觉得你目前这个样子看上去就很棒，而且你是一个非常优秀的人。 【要点提炼】 as you are“照你的现状，照你的原样”，as引导方式状语从句(从句通常是省略句)，意为“像……那样，按照……的方式”。
(1)as引导方式状语从句时，意为“按照……方式” as it is 照原样；事实上，实际情况是 as it were 可以说是；好像就是 (2)as引导原因状语从句时，意为“因为”，表示比较明显的原因。由as引导的原因状语从句通常放在主句之前。 (3)as引导时间状语从句时，意为“当……时候；一边……一边”，表示从句动作与主句动作同时发生、同时进行。 (4)as引导让步状语从句时，意为“尽管”。这时，要将表语或状语提到主语之前，使句子部分倒装。如果表语是名词，放在句首时不能加冠词。 (5)as引导比较状语从句，意为“像……一样”，对主句和从句的动作或状态加以比较。 ①As it rained，I had to stay at home. 因为下雨了，我只好待在家里。 ②Old man as he is，he still works hard. 尽管他是个老人，他仍然很努力地工作。 ③He is like a brother to me，as it were(be)． 他好比是我的哥哥。
④You'd better leave it as it is(be)． 你最好顺其自然。
(教材P43)However，your mother knows best：nothing is more important than health.
然而，你妈妈最清楚：没有什么比健康更重要。
【要点提炼】 该句是“nothing＋be＋比较级＋than...”句型，表示“没有什么比……更……”。该结构中虽然用的是比较级，但表示的是最高级含义。
表示最高级用法的几种常见结构： (1)否定词(nothing，never，not等)＋形容词/副词比较级(＋than) - 11 - / 15
2019-2020同步译林英语必修一新突破讲义：Unit+3+Section+Ⅱ Language+points（Ⅰ）
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the other＋名词复数(2)比较级＋than＋any other＋名词单数 any of the other＋名词复数anything/anyone else①In our class，Tom eats more food than anyone else today. 今天，在我们班里，汤姆吃的最多了。 ②I have never read a more interesting novel. 这是我读过的最有趣的小说了。
③You can't be more careful(careful)when crossing the road. 过马路时无论如何小心都不为过。
④Tom is taller(tall)than the other boys in the class. 在班级男生中汤姆个子是最高的。
(教材P45)However，no matter what I do，my efforts to lose weight always end in failure.
然而，无论我做什么，我减肥的努力总是以失败告终。
【要点提炼】 本句是一个主从复合句，no matter what＝whatever“无论什么，不管什么”，引导让步状语从句。
no matter what只能引导让步状语从句，而whatever既可引导让步状语从句，又可引导名词性从句，引导让步状语从句时，两者可以互换。 ①Call me when you arrive there，no matter what the time is. 无论什么时间，你到了那儿就给我打电话。 ②You can not just do whatever you like here. 在这里，你不能随心所欲。
③No matter what difficulties we may meet，we'll finish the task on time. 无论遇到什么困难，我们都会按时完成任务。
(教材P45)However，I do worry that my weight might damage my health. 然而，我真的担心我的体重会损害我的健康。
【要点提炼】 “do/does/did＋动词原形” 用来强调谓语动词。
英语中，对谓语动词进行强调时，常用“助动词do/does/did＋谓语动词”结构。
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all the other＋名词复数2019-2020同步译林英语必修一新突破讲义：Unit+3+Section+Ⅱ Language+points（Ⅰ）
（Welcome+to+the+unit+&+Reading）和答案
(1)句子为肯定句； (2)句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时，do/does用于一般现在时，did用于一般过去时。 ①I do think she's behaved badly. 我的确认为她的行为很糟糕。
②He does know the place well as he has been living here for ten years. 由于他住在这儿有10年了，他的确很熟悉这个地方。 ③The boy did finish his homework last night. 那男生昨晚的确把作业做完了。
1．(教材P42)Since I'm preparing to act in a new TV show，I'm taking weightloss pills called FatLess，which are quite popular among young women here.
【分析】 该句是一个主从复合句。since引导原因状语从句，句中的called Fat-Less为过去分词短语作定语，修饰pills；句中which引导非限制性定语从句，同样修饰pills。
【翻译】 由于我正准备出演一个新的电视节目，所以我在服用一种叫Fat-Less的减肥药，这种药深受这里年轻女性的欢迎。
2．(教材P42)My mother，who you met last year，keeps telling me not to take them because they are dangerous.
【分析】 这是一个包含了原因状语从句的主从复合句。主句是My mother keeps telling me not to take them；who you met last year是非限制性定语从句，because they are dangerous是原因状语从句。
【翻译】 我母亲，你去年见过她，一直告诫我不要服用减肥药，因为减肥药是危险的。
3．(教材P43)It's the same in China—many people，some of whom are not overweight at all，are always going on a diet or taking weight-loss pills，which are often dangerous.
【分析】 破折号后面的句子包含有两个定语从句。主句是many people are always going on a diet or taking weight-loss pills；some of whom are not overweight at all为非限制性定语从句，修饰people；which are often dangerous也是非限制性定- 13 - / 15
2019-2020同步译林英语必修一新突破讲义：Unit+3+Section+Ⅱ Language+points（Ⅰ）
（Welcome+to+the+unit+&+Reading）和答案
语从句，修饰前面整个句子。
【翻译】 在中国也有这样的情况——许多人，其中有些人根本就不超重，总是在节食，或者吃减肥药，这些做法往往是危险的。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．So she came up with the brilliant idea，allowing hungry people to take what they need without the shame of having to beg. 2．After the meal，she placed a little box containing (contain) an old pen in it. 3．We prefer you not to put(put) off the meeting until next week. 4．He felt embarrassed(embarrass)at being the centre of attentions. 5．All over the world many people are still suffering from starvation. 6．When in Rome，do as the Romans do. 7．There is now possibility that she will make a full recovery(recover) from the disease.
8．The old man often works out on the playground on Sundays. 9．It will take at least five months to repair the ship damaged (damage)in the storm. 10．—Could you eat the rest of the pizza?
—No，thanks.I'm losing weight and I am on a diet now. Ⅱ.完成句子
1．我的学生总是在努力学习。
My students are always studying/working hard．(always) 2．他爸爸总是告诉他：没有什么比诚实更重要的了。
His father always tells him that nothing is more important than honesty．(nothing) 3．你必须按你父母说的去做。 Yon must do as your parents told you．(as) 4．不管发生什么事，我们决心完成任务。
We are determined to finish the task，whatever/no matter what happens．(whatever/no matter what)
5．他的确看上去很疲惫。
- 14 - / 15
2019-2020同步译林英语必修一新突破讲义：Unit+3+Section+Ⅱ Language+points（Ⅰ）
（Welcome+to+the+unit+&+Reading）和答案
He does/did look tired.(do)
- 15 - / 15
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