语法精讲---被动语态

语法精讲九：被动语态

一、被动语态的时态

1.一般现在时的被动语态

am /is/ are +动词的过去分词 2.一般过去时的被动语态

was /were +动词的过去分词 3.一般将来时的被动语态

will be +动词的过去分词 4.现在进行时的被动语态

am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词 5.现在完成时的被动语态

have /has +been +动词的过去分词 6.情态动词的被动语态

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启乐教育精品课程★中学语法精讲系列教材

情态动词 + be +动词的过去分词 二、主动语态变被动语态 口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done ，时不变，数格必须随被变。

注：1.主动、被动的时态要一致。

2.主动、被动的句式要一致。

3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。

三、特殊情况的被动语态 1.带双宾语的被动语态：

动词+ sb (间宾) +sth (直宾)

口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to /for 间宾连。

1).give/pass /show 与介词to 搭配。

give sb sth —— sb +be given sth 或 sth +be given +to sb .

Eg. He gave me a book.

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I was given a book by him.

A book was given to me by him.

2).buy/make/cook 与介词for 搭配。

buy sb sth —— sb +be bought + sth 或 sth +be bought +for sb

Eg. My mother bought me a cake .

I was bought a cake by my mother

A cake was bought for me by my mother .

2.带省to 的不定式作宾补的被动语态：动词+ sb + do sth .

口诀：感使动词真叫怪，to来to去记心怀，主动语态to离去，被动语态to回来。

动词：make / let /have /see /hear /feel /watch

make sb do sth ----sb + be +made +to do sth

Eg. The boss made the workers work all day

The workers were made to work all day by the boss.

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启乐教育精品课程★中学语法精讲系列教材

3.在see /hear /notice /keep +sb +doing sth 句型中变被动语态时，doing 不变。

Eg. I heard Tom singing just now

Tom was heard singing by me just now .

4.以动词短语作谓语的主动语态变被动语态时，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。

Eg. We should take care of the old .

The old should be take care of .

四、注意事项 1.有些及物动词或动词短语不能用于被动语态

last ,have ,own …..belong to ,suit…fine

2.不及物动词是没有被动语态：

happen ,take place ,appear , hold (容纳)

3.系动词是没有被动语态：

Look, feel ,sound ,smell ,taste ….

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启乐教育精品课程★中学语法精讲系列教材

Eg. The dish tastes good .

4.有些词组没有被动语态：

sell well , write well ,ride well ,drive well

Eg. This kind of skirt sells well.

5.need表示需要时，后面常接doing 形式表示被动意义，相当于to be done .

Eg. All the computers need repairing .

=All the computers need to be repaired .

6.在too…to…及enough to …结构中有时表示被动意义。

Eg. The problem is too difficult to solve.

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