复习题

复习题 III. 阅读理解 PASSAGE 1 Generations of Americans have been brought up to believe that a good breakfast is one of life’s essentials. Eating breakfast at the start of the day, we have all been told, and told again, is as necessary as putting gasoline in the family car before starting a trip. But for many people the thought of food the first thing in the morning is by no means a pleasure. So despite all the efforts, they still take no breakfast. Between 1977 and 1983, the last year for which figures are available, the number of people who didn’t have breakfast increased by 33 percent—from 8.8 million to 11.7 million—according to the Chicago-based Market Research Corporation of America. For those who don’t have breakfast, however, there is some good news. Several studies in the last few years indicate that for adults especially, there may be nothing wrong with omitting breakfast. ―Going without breakfast does not affect performance,‖ said Arnold E. Bender, former professor of nutrition at Queen Elizabeth College in London, ―nor does giving people breakfast improve performance.‖ Scientific evidence linking breakfast to better health or better performance is surprisingly inadequate, and most of the recent work involves children, not adults. ―The literature,‖ says one researcher, Ernest Pollitt at the University of Texas, ―is poof.‖ 1. Which is the latest year for which figures could be obtained? A. The year the author wrote the article. B. 1977. C. Any year between 1977 and 1983. D. 1983. 2. What is the good news for those who do not take breakfast? A. Several studies have been done in the past few years. B. The omission of breakfast does no harm to one’s health. C. Adults have especially made studies in this field. D. Eating little in the morning is good for health. 3. What does ―… nor does giving people breakfast improve performance‖ mean? A. Anyone without breakfast does improve performance. B. Not giving breakfast does not improve performance. C. Having breakfast does not improve performance. D. People having breakfast do improve their performance, too. 4. What does the word ―literature‖ in the last sentence refer to? A. Stories, poems, plays, etc. B. Written works on a particular subject. C. Any printed material. D. The modern literature of America. 5. What is implied but not stated by the author? A. Not eating breakfast might affect the health of children. B. Dr. Pollitt is engaged in research work at an institution of higher learning. C. Breakfast does not affect performance. D. Professor Bender once taught college course in nutrition.

PASSAGE 2 Public colleges and universities in the USA, subsidized directly by state governments, are capturing an expanding share of enrollment. At the beginning of this century, more than 80% of students were enrolled in private colleges and universities. By the middle of the century, the figure had fallen to about 50%. From the 1960s on, this trend has accelerated. By 1990, the composition had reversed itself from the beginning of the century, with four out of five students enrolled in public universities. During the three decades from 1965 to 1995, the public sector absorbed more than 86% 0f the higher education enrollment increase. The evidence is strong that the state government policy to create a system of state-run colleges and universities that drastically underprice private institutions of higher education has resulted in a threat to the independent higher education system. This unquestioned march away from private higher education to government control is inefficient and harmful to a civilized society. Private colleges and universities provide an educational experience quite different from state-run institutions. Private colleges and universities are much smaller, with an average enrollment of around 1,500. The average enrollment for public colleges and universities is more than four times greater, approaching 7,000. Of the 120 largest institutions of higher education in terms of enrollment, all but eight are public. Eighty-five percent of colleges that enroll less than 1,000 students are private. Students at private colleges and universities are more likely to interact with faculty and more satisfied with classroom instruction. They complete their degrees at a much higher rate than their counterparts at state-run institutions. Private institutions grant more doctorate and first professional degrees than state institutions, despite their much smaller enrollment. Aside from offering a different type of learning environment, a system of private colleges and universities is much more efficient than a government-run and –planned system. State governments have created a situation where a vast majority of students attend a college for a price that is far below the true cost of providing their education, and the educational service is not controlled very well by those who own the institution. 1. According to the passage, which of the following is responsible for the decreasing enrollment in private colleges and universities? A. Public colleges and universities grant more courses. B. Public colleges and universities are much larger than private colleges and universities. C. The government does not finance private institutions of higher education. D. Public colleges and universities financially supported by state governments charge much less than private colleges and universities. 2. What is the author’s attitude toward the government’s policy to subsidize public universities? A. Positive B. Critical C. Inefficient D. Neutral 3. How many more students does a university enroll than a private one on an average? A. 1,500 B.7,000 C. 6,000 D. 5,500 4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Students and teachers at private universities communicate more often than those at public ones. B. Classroom teaching at private universities is better than public ones. C. Because of smaller enrollment, private universities offer fewer courses than public ones. D. The tuition of public universities is below the cost of providing their education. 5. The passage is mainly organized by ___. A. introducing the decreasing enrollment of private universities and enlisting the advantages of private universities

to criticize the government’s policy. B. introducing a phenomenon and analyzing its reasons C. comparing and contrasting two different concepts D. presenting a general idea and giving specific examples. PASSAGE 3 A competent translator should combine his translation with researches into the background of the author: his life and thought, and especially his views on art. Here, I am inclined to divide translators of literary works into two categories, namely occasional ones and those in ―trenches‖ who devote themselves to one or two particular foreign writers. The former, the guerrilla kind, translates whatever appeals to him. The latter translates systematically, concentrating on the works of one or two writers, as completely as possible. I have great admiration for such translators who devote their whole life to the translation of one particular writer. Such translators often combine their translation with research. I admire the latter, but unfortunately belong to the former. I did some translation in the 1930s and then some in 1956. When I could pick up my pen again in 1979, my first assignment happened to be the translation of Ibsen’s Peer Cynt, which was published fully in Foreign Drama and twice produced in Beijing. Last year it was again produced in Hong Kong. I am strongly against the discrimination between translation and creative work, which treats the former as inferior. This can be witnessed in the rate of reward. Creative works are the mainstay of a country’s literature, but translation is no less in importance. It is like the window of a house through which we can breathe fresh air and see what is happening outside. 1. As regards the two categories of translators, which does the author prefer? A. Occasional translators of translators, who can do with almost all the writers. B. Special translators on drama. C. Translators who discriminate between translation and creative work. D. Translators who devote study and translation to some particular writers. 2. According to the author, translation is____. A. not as good as any creative work B. as great as any creative work C. inferior to any other creative work D. superior to any other creative work 3. What will the author possibly advise us to do? A. Discriminate between translation and literary writing. B. Concentrate our work on as many special writers as possible. C. Study and translate the works of some writers other than many. D. Translate like guerrilla. 4. What is the main idea of the first two paragraphs? A. What a competent translator is. B. How translators can be categorized. C. How to translate well. D. Translation is creative work. 5. Which of the following is true about Ibsen’s Peer Cynt? A. It is the first translation the author of this passage ever did after 1979. B. It is mainly about the art of translation. C. It is first published in Hong Kong. D. It is a book about guerrilla.

Passage 4 Millions of American students take part in service programs. They help people in their communities as part of their education. They work on projects like improving the environment and feeding homeless people. Many school systems in the United States now require students to do some kind of community service as part of their studies. Students involved (使卷入) in service projects help themselves as well as their communities. They learn about the needs of people and aid organizations. Some college administrators (事务管理人) say public service may also help high school graduates gain acceptance to the college of their choice. Many schools in the United States offer courses in what is called service-learning. These educational programs teach methods to aid the community. For example, Nicholas Senn High School in Chicago, Illinois, is one of these schools. It has received national honors for its service-learning program. Students there were not doing well in their studies back when the program began in 1997. Teachers say doing community service has led many students to work harder in school. School officials say mathematics and reading skills have improved. Wilkinson Junior High School in Middleburg, Florida, also has received national honors for its service-learning program. Its twelve- and thirteen-year-old students work on two major projects. They are helping to find the best ways to restore (使复位) trees to an area of land that was used for mining titanium (钛). They also test water from the nearby Saint John's River and report the results to local water officials. Teachers try to link their classroom material with current community needs. For example, a history teacher talked about the issue of hunger in some American communities. After that, students helped at a food center for poor people. Students at some schools come from many other countries. They speak different languages. Even students who have just arrived from other nations perform community service. Public schools are not the only ones that require community service. Bishop Ireton High School is a private Roman Catholic school. In one project, students there organized programs for people who lived in a retirement center near the school. 1. What is the main idea of the passage?____ A. American service programs are gaining popularity now. B. Service programs help American students win college acceptance. C. American schools involve students in community service. D. American service programs have helped many people. 2. The example of Nicholas Senn High School mainly suggests that ____. A. it offers the best service-learning program nationwide B. students there didn't work hard back in 1997 C. students there have improved their math and reading D. service involvement contributes to study improvement 3. How do American schools help students better serve their communities?____ A. They call on students to improve the environment. B. They train students to aid the community. C. They provide students with extracurricular activities. D. They link school courses with student needs. 4. Students from Wilkinson Junior High School help to ____. A. restore trees to an old titanium-mining land B. test water from a local river C. report test results to local water officials D. All above. 5. Which of the following claims would supporters of service-learning programs in schools make?____

A. It is good for growing youths to be physically active. B. Students should learn how to make a living. C. Students should contribute to the communities in which they live. D. Students should help pay for school taxes. Passage 5 There are some very good things about open education. This way of teaching allows the students to grow as people develop their own interests in many subjects. Open education allows students to be responsible for their own education, as they are responsible for what they do in life. Some students do badly in a traditional classroom. The open classroom may allow them to enjoy learning. Some students will be happier in an open education school. They will not have to worry about grades or rules. For students who worry about these things a lot, it is a good idea to be in an open classroom. But many students will not do well in an open classroom. For some students, there are too few rules. These students will do little in school. They will not make good use of open education. Because open education is so different from traditional education, these students may have a problem getting used to making so many choices. For many students it is important to have some rules in the classroom. They worry about the rules even when there are no rules. Even a few rules will help this kind of student. The last point about open education is that some traditional teachers do not like it. Many teachers do not believe in open education. Teachers who want to have an open classroom may have many problems at their schools. You now know what open education is. Some of its good points and bad points have been explained. You may have your own opinion about open education. The writer thinks that open education is a good idea, but only in theory. In actual fact, it may not work very well in a real class or school. The writer believes that most students, but of course not all students, want some structure in their classes. They want to have rules. In some cases, they must be made to study some subjects. Many students are pleased to find subjects they have to study interesting. They would not study those subjects if they did not have to. 1. Open education allows the students to ____. A. grow as the educated B. be responsible for their future C. develop their own interests D. discover subjects outside class 2. Open education may be a good idea for the students who ____. A. enjoy learning B. worry about grades C. do well in a traditional classroom D. are responsible for what they do in life 3. Some students will do little in an open classroom because ____. A. there are too few rules B. they hate activities C. open education is similar to the traditional education D. they worry about the rules 4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?____ A. Some traditional teachers do not like it. B. Many teachers do not believe in open education. C. Teachers may have problems in open classrooms. D. The teacher's feelings and attitudes are important to the students. 5. Which of the following best summarizes the passage?____ A. Open education is a really complex idea.

B. Open education is better than traditional education. C. Teachers dislike open education. D. The writer thinks that open education is a good idea in practice. Passage 6 Are you looking for a good book to read? Do you need information about universities in the United States? Do you want to know the correct price of a used car? Would you like to read newspapers and magazines from different countries? Do you need a quiet place to study? Did you answer \"yes\" to any of these questions? Then you should visit \"the information place\" -- your local library. A library is more than just a place where books are stored. A library is a source of information. That information may come from books (fiction, nonfiction, or reference books), from periodicals (newspapers, magazines, and journals), from audio-visual material (records, cassettes microfilm, video tapes, etc.) or even from a computer terminal. Students go to libraries to study and to write research papers. The periodicals room of a university library is where foreign students often find newspapers and magazines from their countries. In the reference room, they can find catalogs from many universities in the U.S. and other countries. If you are buying a used car, the reference librarian can show you the Blue Book, which lists the prices of new and used cars. People who need information in a hurry can telephone the reference librarian at many libraries. There are as many different library services as there are types of people who use them. Children's libraries provide materials for young readers. They sometimes have storytellers who read stories to groups of children, and a few have computers for the children to play with. Music lovers can listen to recordings of their favorite musicians in music libraries. Some libraries have painting and sculpture exhibits, and most libraries offer special services for blind people, such as books in Braille, \"talking\" books, and Kurzweil Reading Machines. Libraries provide entertainment as well as information. Novels and short stories from a library's fiction collection are a good source of enjoyable reading practice. Public libraries often sponsor lectures on topics of interest to members of the community, and a few even offer concerts and films. No matter what your interests are, you will find that a library can be a great place to enjoy yourself while you learn. 1. What is another name for a library?____ A. A bookstore. B. The periodicals room. C. A reference librarian. D. The information place. 2. In the reference room of the library you can find ____. A. the fiction collection B. newspapers and magazines C. university catalogs D. materials for young readers 3. Which of the following is NOT an example of a library service?____ A. Used cars. B. Art exhibits. C. Children's storytellers. D. Kurzweil Reading Machines. 4. \"A library can be a great place to enjoy yourself while you learn.\" This means you can ____in a library. A. talk and laugh as much as you want B. find entertainment and information C. play with computers D. have a lot of rooms to work in 5. What is the main idea of the whole text? Choose the BEST answer.____

A. There are many kinds of libraries. B. A library is a place where books are stored. C. Libraries provide entertainment. D. Libraries offer many different services. Passage 7 Acting is such an over-crowded profession that the only advice that should be given to a young person thinking of going on the stage is \"Don't!\" But it is useless to try to discourage someone who feels that he must act, although the chances of his becoming famous are small. The normal way to begin is to go to a drama school. Usually only students who show promise and talent are accepted, and the course lasts two years. Then the young actor or actress takes up work with a repertory company, usually as an assistant stage manager. This means doing everything that there is to do in the theatre: painting scenery, looking after the furniture, publicity, taking care of the costumes, and even acting in very small parts. It is very hard work indeed, the hours are long and the salary is tiny. But young actors with the stage in their blood are happy, waiting for the chance of work with a better company, or perhaps in films or television. Of course, some people have remarkable chances which lead to fame and success without this long and tedious training. Connie Pratt, for example, was just an ordinary girl working in a bicycle factory. A film producer happened to catch sight of her one morning waiting at a bus stop, as he drove past in his big car. He told the chauffeur to stop, and he got out to speak to the girl. He asked her if she would like to go to the film studio to do a test, and at first she thought he was joking. Then she got angry and said she would call the police. It took the producer twenty minutes to convince Connie that he was serious. Then an appointment was made for her to go to the studio the next day. The test was successful. They gave her elocution lessons and within a few weeks she was playing the leading part opposite one of the most famous actors of the day. Of course, she was given a more dramatic name, which is now world-famous. But chances like this happen once in a blue moon! 1. The reason why young people should be discouraged from becoming actors is that ____. A. actors are very determined people B. the course at the drama school lasts two years C. acting is very hard work D. there are already too many actors 2. Why is an assistant stage manager's job difficult?____ A. Because he has to do everything. B. Because he has to work long hours every day. C. Because he will not be happy. D. Because he has to wait for another chance. 3. Usually only students who ____are accepted. A. have received good education B. are hard-working C. are talented and promising D. are good-mannered 4. \"Then she got angry and said she would call the police\". This sentence shows that ____. A. She totally disbelieved the proposal B. The man acted with an ill purpose C. The man forced her into his big car D. She was a nervous woman 5. The phrase \"once in a blue moon\" refers to ____. A. once in a full moon B. once for a while C. once for a long time

D. once and for all 参考答案 I. 词汇及语法 1-5 21-25 41-45 CCBBA CCBDB DADBC 6-10 26-30 46-50 DACAC DBDDA DCDBA 11-15 31-35 51-55 ADDBB DBACD ACACB 16-20 36-40 DADAD CBABD II. 完形填空 PASSAGE 1 1-5 BCAAB PASSAGE 2 1-5 BDAAB 6-10 6-10 DBCAD CACCA 11-15 ADDAB 16-20 ADCDA III. 阅读理解 PASSAGE 1 PASSAGE 2 PASSAGE 3 PASSAGE 4 PASSAGE 5 PASSAGE 6 PASSAGE 7 1-5 1-5 1-5 1-5 1-5 1-5 1-5 DBCBC DBDCA DBCAA CDBDC CBADA DCABD DBCAC