一、初中英语过去完成时
1.By the time he ______________ at the cinema, the movie ______________ for five minutes. A. arrived; had begun B. had arrived; had begun C. arrived; had been on D. had arrived; had been on 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:当他到达电影院时,电影已经开演五分钟了。arrived到达,一般过去时;had begun开始,过去完成时,had been on进行,上映;begin开始,是短暂性动词,不能和段时间连用,根据 for five minutes.故排除AB,be on进行,上映,表状态,可和段时间连用,by the time到……时候,从句用一般过去时, 表示“截止到从句动作发生时,主句动作已经完成,即过去的过去”,主句用过去完成时,故选C。 【点评】考查动词时态。注意句子涉及到begin和be on的词义和用法。
2.Simon ________ the piano for ages when he gave his first concert.
A. has played B. is playing C. had played D. will play 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:西蒙举行第一次音乐会时,他已经弹了很多年钢琴了。根据时间状语when he gave his first concert.可知此处用过去的时态,表示先弹钢琴弹了很多年,然后开了音乐会,表示过去的过去,应该用过去完成时:had+动词的过去分词,故答案为C。
【点评】考查过去完成时。掌握过去完成时的意义(过去的过去)和构成:had+动词的过去分词。
3.We are too tired. Please stop __________ a rest.
A. to have B. having C. have D. has 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:我们是在太累了,停下来休息一下吧。stop to have a rest.固定搭配故选A
【点评】注意时态一致,
4.By the end of last month, Jane _____ enough money for the poor sick boy. A. raised B. would raise C. had raised D. has raised 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:在上个月末,珍已经为贫穷的生病的孩子筹集到了足够的钱。根据 By the end of last month,可知句子的时态为过去完成时,C是过去完成时结构,故答案是C。
【点评】考查过去完成时,注意过去完成的时的判定方法。
5.When I got to school, I realized I ______ my backpack at home.
A. left B. had left C. forgot D. had forgotten 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:当我到学校时,我才意识到我把双肩包落在家里了。把…落在…用leave,又因为是过去完成时,故选B。
【点评】考查把…落在…的用法。熟背句型。做题就很容易。
6.By the time the alarm clock went off, My mother had already _________.
A. wake me up B. wake up me C. waken up me D. waken me up 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:闹钟响时,我妈妈已经把我叫起来了。根据句意,动词应用过去完成时,用had +动词的过去分词。wake up是动副结构,代词作宾语必须放中间,故选D。
【点评】考查本单元的目标句型,只要熟练背诵句型,找出答案很简单。
7.By the end of last month,I all the CDs of the famous singer.
A. collect B. collected C. have collected D. had collected 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】根据时间状语“by the end of last month”可知谓语动词发生在过去的过去,故用过去完成时。故选D.
【点评】此题考查动词时态。
8.I thought I _________in my project report , but the manager said he didn't see it at all. A. hand B. am handing C. have handed D. had handed 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:我以为我已经上交了我的项目报告,但是经理说他根本没有看到。hand上交,是一个动词原形;am handing是现在进行时态;have handed现在完成时态;had handed过去完成时态。句中I thought使用的是一般过去时态,而根据句意可知,
上交项目报告应该发生在这之前,故应使用过去完成时态,选D。 【点评】考查动词的时态,本题涉及过去完成时的应用。
9.He said that ________.
A. he has finished his work already B. he had finished his work already C. has he finished his work already D. had he finished his work already 【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:他说他已经完成他的工作了。说之前就已经做完工作了,said是过去式,所以完成工作是发生在过去之前,所以用过去完成时,结构是had+动词过去分词,排除A、C。said后面跟的是宾语从句,从句句子结构应该也是主语+谓语+宾语,所以排除D,故选B。
【点评】考查过去完成时,注意其定义的理解。
10.Everything he ____ away from him before he returned to his hometown. A. took B. had been taken C. had had been taken D. had taken 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意为:他所拥有的一切在他回家之前都被拿走了。根据题干中的before he returned to his hometown,可知主句的谓语动词要用过去完成时,又因everything 与take 之间存在动宾关系,且everything 作take 的宾语,谓语动词要用被动语态,过去完成时的被动语态的基本构成是had been +过去分词,第一个had表示拥有的意思,后面的had been taken是过去完成时的被动语态。故选C。 【点评】考查过去完成时的被动语态的基本构成。
11.The girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous, for she before.
A. didn't fly B. hasn't flown C. hadn't flown D. wasn't flying 【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:飞机上坐在我旁边的女孩很紧张,因为她以前没有坐过飞机。根据上文的句子The girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous的一般过去时态可知,这里空白处所表示的是过去的过去,谓语应该用过去完成时态:had+动词的过去分词。根据句意,故答案为C。
【点评】考查过去完成时态。掌握过去完成的意义和用法:表示过去的过去的动作或状态。用had+动词的过去分词表达。
12.By the time I locked the door, I realized I my keys at home.
A. had repaired B. had changed C. had forgotten D. had left 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意为“到我锁门的时候,我才意识到把钥匙忘在家里了”,表示“把某物
遗忘在某处”要用leave。该动作发生在realized之前,用过去完成时,故选D。
【点评】本题考查过去完成时的用法。
13.Seeing John rush into the room with tears in his eyes, I asked him what .
A. would happen B. had happened C. happened D. was happened 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】所填写动作发生在asked以前,表示过去的过去,用过去完成时,故选B。句意是:看到约翰眼里含着泪水冲进房间,我问他发生什么事了。
【点评】本题考查过去完成时的用法。
14.Mary thought of the party which she___________ for this day.
A. plan B. planned C. had planned D. would plan 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:玛丽想起了她今天计划的聚会。plan的动作发生在thought of的动作之前,表示过去的过去,要用过去完成时had+过去分词。故选C。 【点评】考查过去完成时的构成和用法。注意过去完成时表示过去的过去含义。
15.She said when she got to the cinema, the film ________ for 5 minutes.
A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. had been on 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:她说当她到达电影院的时候,电影已经开始五分钟了。根据got可知,电影开始五分钟属于在过去某时间前已经存在的状态,应该用过去完成时,所以排除A和C。开始begin,电影已经开始了五分钟是存在的状态,要用延续性的动词,所以要将瞬间动词begin改为be on,故选D。
【点评】此题考查动词的时态问题以及瞬间动词和延续性动词的区别。
16.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus ________ for 10 minutes.
A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:当他到达车站时,公交车已经离开10分钟了。for+时间段,表示
动作或状态的延续,leave是短暂性动词,故用其相对应的延续性结构be away,公交车离开发生在他到达之前,所以用过去完成时,故选D。
【点评】考查过去完成时。
17.My parents ______________ to work by the time I ______________ up. A. began; get B. began; had got C. had begun; had got D. had begun; got 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:我起床的时候,我的父母已经开始工作了。began开始,一般过去时;had begun开始,过去完成时;get up 起床,一般现在时;had got up起床,过去完成时。by the time到……时候,从句用一般过去时, 表示“截止到从句动作发生时,主句动作已经完成,即过去的过去”,主句用过去完成时,故选D。 【点评】考查动词的时态。注意by the time的词义和用法。
18.——Jim, did you take out the trash just now? ——No. By the time I came home it .
A. have been taken out B. had taken out C. had been taken out 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】take out拿出,带出,by the time直到,came home是过去时,扔垃圾是发生在came之前的动作,过去完成时表示的是过去的过去。又有be+动词过去分词构成被动语态。had been+过去分词,含有被动语态的过去完成时。句意:Jim,刚才是你把垃圾扔了吗?不,我回来的时候垃圾已经被扔了。故选C。 【点评】考查被动语态及过去完成时的用法。
19.By the end of last year they _________ thousands of orange trees on the mountains. A. had planted B. have planted C. were planting D. would plant 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:到去年末,他们已经在山上种植了上万棵橘子树。根据 By the end of last year , 可知句子时态为过去完成时,因此用had planted,故答案是A。 【点评】考查过去完成时,注意识记与过去完成时想搭配的时间状语。
20.Mr. Smith ________ in a car factory for ten years before he came to China. A. had worked B. works C. is working D. will work 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:史密斯先生来中国前在一个汽车厂工作十年了。根据 before he came to China , 可知他来汽车厂发生在来中国前,所以句子时态是过去完成时,had worked,故选A。
【点评】此题考查过去完成时。根据时间状语确定句子时态。
21.She_______ballet before she entered film industry.
A. has practiced B. had practiced C. will practiced D. would practiced 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:在进入电影业之前,她练习跳芭蕾。本句考查过去完成时,在她进入电影业之前为“过去的过去”;即过去完成时;故选B。 【点评】考查过去完成时。
22.I ______ to study hard, but someone disturb me.
A. thought B. had thought C. have thought D. think 【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:我本来想努力学习,但是有人打扰了我。动词think用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法,希望,打算或意图等。故选B。 【点评】考查过去完成时。
23.By the time she went outside, the bus ____ already ______ .
A. had, gone B. had, went C. has, gone D. has, went 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】这题考查时态的用法, by the time是连词词组,可以连接时间状语从句,“到什么时候为止”,主句一般和相应的完成时连用,因为从句是过去时,所以从句用过去完成时连用。选A。句意是:到她出去的时间为止,公共汽车已经走了。
24.—Did Alan see his old friends yesterday? —Yes, he did. He his old friends for several years.
A. didn't see B. wouldn't see C. hasn't seen D. hadn't seen 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】 句意:昨天艾伦见到他的老朋友了吗?——使得,他见到了。他已经有几年不见他的老朋友了。结合语境可知下文描述的是一直持续到过去某时的动作,故用过去完成时态。选D。 【点评】考查时态辨析
25.When Tom got to the examination room, he realized he ______ his pen at home. A. was leaving B. had left C. forgot D. was forgetting 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意为:汤姆一进入考试室就意识到了他把笔落在家里了。根据语境,
这是一个发生在“过去的过去”(即意识到之前)的一个动作,因此要用过去完成时。故选B。
【点评】考查过去完成时。
26.His father said that he_____ Zhang Jiajie for 10 days.
A. has been in B. has gone to C. had gone to D. had been in 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:他爸说去张家界10天了。A.去了某地,人还没回,现在完成时;B.has been in去了某地,人还在那里,现在完成时;C.去了某地,人还没回,过去完成时;D.去了某地,人还在那里,过去完成时。从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前,从句用过去完成时,故排除AB,说话的时候,他爸爸还在张家界,用had been in,符合题意,故选D。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意识记have been in和过去完成时的用法。
27.She to be a good mother.
A. have thought B. thought C. thinks D. had thought 【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意:她本来想做一个好妈妈。动词think用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法,希望,打算或意图等。故选D。 【点评】考查过去完成时。
28.I ________ to go to Beijing the next day.
A. plans B. planned C. had planned D. has planned 【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:我本来计划着第二天去北京。动词plan用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法,希望,打算或意图等。故选C。 【点评】考查过去完成时。
29.We to be able to come and see you.
A. had hoped B. hope C. have hoped D. are hope 【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:我们本来希望能来看看你。动词hope用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法,希望,打算或意图等。故选A。 【点评】考查过去完成时。
30.—Did you see Tom at the party?
—No, he by the time I got there.
A. left B. was leaving C. had left D. has left 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】by the time的从句用过去时,主句用过去完成时,表示主句的动作先发生,故选C。句意是:在我到那里之前他已经离开了。
【点评】本题考查过去完成时的用法。
二、初中英语动词的时态
31.Before O'Shea hosted the Joy FM program in Beijing. He_____in Hongkong for ten years. A.works B.has worked C.had worked D.would work 【答案】C 【解析】
句意:O'Shea在北京主持Joy FM节目前,他在香港工作了10年了。根据Before O'Shea hosted the Joy FM program in Beijing和for ten years.可知主句用过去完成时态;故选C
32.—I wonder when you _______the new watch . —Well , I _______it for two weeks .
A.have bought, have had B.bought, have had C.bought, have bought D.have bought, have bought 【答案】B
【解析】句意:——我想知道你什么时候买的这个新手表。——我买了两周了。问什么时候买的,用过去时态,排除A/D;根据for two weeks可知用延续性动词,buy买,短暂性动词,have买,拥有,延续性动词;故选B
33.—May I speak to Mary?
—Hold on, please.She_______in the kitchen. A.has cooked 【答案】D 【解析】
句意:——我可以让玛丽接电话吗?——请不要挂断电话。她正在厨房做饭。根据Hold on, please.可知此处表示现在让对方别挂断电话,应是表示他找的玛丽正做某事,故用现在进行时be doing,故选D。
B.cooked
C.will cook
D.is cooking
34.Andy doesn’t want to see the film Coco because he it twice. A.sees 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】
句意:Andy不想看《寻梦环游记》这部电影,因为他已经看过两次了。sees看见,一般现
B.is seeing
C.will see
D.has seen
在时态;is seeing现在进行时态;will see一般将来时态;has seen现在完成时态。根据句意可知,Andy已经看过两次了,这里表示过去的动作对现在的影响,应用现在完成时态,故选D。
35.The girl is amazed at the beauty of Wuxi. She said she ____________ here for another two weeks.
A.stayed B.has stayed C.would stay D.had stayed 【答案】C
【解析】句意:女孩对无锡的美景感到惊讶。她说她将在这里再呆两个星期。此句考查宾语从句的时态,当主句是一般过去时的时候(客观真理除外),从句要用过去时态的某种形式,排除B;根据“for another two weeks.”再呆两个星期的时间,属于将来的时间,因为主句是一般过去时,从句要用过去将来时来表达,答案为C。
点睛:含有宾语从句的复合句,主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应包括以下三点内容: 1)如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词可根据需要,选用相应的任何时态。
2)如果主句的谓语动词是过去时,宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要,选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。
3)如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等,不管主句用什么时态,从句时态都用一般现在时。
36.—Where is Tom?
—He ______ the USA.He ______ back in two months. A.has gone to; comes C.has been to; comes 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】
句意:----汤姆在哪?---他去了美国,他将在两个月之后回来。Have been in强调“过去曾去过”之意,表示经验;have been to的意思是“过去到过而现在已返回”,它强调“最近的经历”;have gone to表示“动作的完成”,强调人已离开说话的地方。In +一段时间,用于将来时。根据句意,故选D。
B.has bee to; will be D.has gone to; will be
37.—Hi ,Lily! I called you at eight last night, but nobody picked up the phone. — Oh, I ____________ a shower.
A.took B.am taking C.was taking D.take 【答案】C
【解析】句意:-嗨,Lily,我昨晚八点给你打电话了,但是没人接电话。-哦,我当时在洗澡。具体到了过去某个时间段,描述过去那段时间里进行的动作用过去进行时,结构是was/were doing,这里表示的是“我当时正在洗澡”,故选C。
38.Don’t make any noise. We________ to a piece of wonderful music. A.will listen C.listen 【答案】B 【解析】
句意:不要发出任何噪音。我们正在听一首美妙的乐曲。根据Don’t make any noise.可知表示现在我们正在听音乐,因此不要发出噪音,故用现在进行时be doing,故选B。
B.are listening D.have listened
39.--________ you _________ Kate’s letter yet? --Yes, I ________ it for several days. A.Did; receive; have received B.Have; received; have had C.Have; received; have received D.Did; receive; have had 【答案】B
【解析】句意:-你收到凯特的信了吗? -是的,我已经收到好几天了。本题为现在完成时态,receive动词,收到,暂时性动词。在肯定的陈述句中,暂时性动词不能和一段时间连用,因而receive改为have,have为持续性动词,had过去分词;可以和for several days一段时间连用。故选:B。
40.—How soon will you finish the work?
—In a week. We ________ about 80% of the work so far.
A.have completed B.completed C.will complete D.are completing 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
句意“-你多久会完成这个任务?-一个星期,到目前为止,我们已经完成了80%的工作了”。so far是现在完成时的常用提示词,另外根据句意“到目前已经完成80%”应该用现在完成时,故选A。 【点睛】
常见的现在完成时的标志词:in the last few years; for; since; since then; lately; so far;since+过去时间点;for+一段时间等。
41.—Linda, why _______ you late for school yesterday? —Because I woke up late. A.was 【答案】B 【解析】
句意:——琳达,你昨天为什么上学迟到?——因为我醒晚了。根据时间状语yesterday可知此处用一般过去时,主语是you,因此谓语用were,故选B。
B.were
C.are
D.is
42.—What do you often do at weekends? —I often ________ my grandparents. A.visit 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
句意:你经常在周末做什么?——我经常去看我的爷爷奶奶。
考查句子时态。A. visit 一般现在时;B. visited 一般过去时;C. have visited现在完成时;D. will visit一般将来时。结合语境可知下文often可知是经常性动作,故用一般现在时态。选A。
B.visited
C.have visited
D.will visit
43.James with the Greens the White Tower Park if it tomorrow. A.are going to; isn’t rainy B.are going to; doesn’t rain C.is going to ; won’t rain D.is going to; isn’t rainy 【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析:句意:如果明天不下雨,James将和格林夫妇去白塔公园。If引导的条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时从句用一般现在时。with the Greens在此是介词短语作后置定语真正的主语是James故谓语动词用单数。根据句意,故选D。 考点:考查if引导的从句的用法
44.—Where is Mrs. Wu?
—She _______ the countryside to be a volunteer teacher. She will stay there for a year. A.has been to 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
句意:——吴太太在哪里?——她到农村去当一名志愿者教师。她将在那里呆一年。考查现在完成时态。go去,come来;都是短暂形动词;come与句意不合,可排除BD两项。has been to 曾经去过某地,现在已经回来了;has gone to 曾经去过某地,到现在还没有回来。根据She will stay there for a year.,可知选A。
B.came to
C.has gone to
D.has come to
45.–Have you seen yesterday’s TV play? I think Mary won’t marry the rich man. –I agree. Unless the man finally ________ his mind to help the poor. A.change B.changes C.changed D.will change 【答案】B
【解析】句意:你看过昨天的电视剧吗?我想玛丽不会嫁给那个有钱人的。-----我同意。除非这个人最终改变主意去帮助穷人。unless引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时态表将来,故答案为B。
46.(广东省2017年初中毕业生学业考试)— What do you think of WeChat?
— Talking on WeChat ______________ people’s way of communicating in the recent few years. A.influnences B.influenced C.is influencing D.has influenced 【答案】D
【解析】句意:——你认为微信怎么样?——近几年,在微信上说话已经影响了人们的交流方式。根时间状语in the recent few years可知此处用现在完成时,故选D。
47.—Green Book is on now. Would you like to go to the cinema with me? —No. thanks. I it twice. A.see 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
句意:——《绿皮书》现在上映了。你想跟我一起去看电影吗?——不了,谢谢。我已经看过两次了。
考查时态。see看,一般现在时;saw过去式;have seen现在完成时;will see一般将来时。根据twice可知此句是强调现在为止的生活经历,用现在完成时。故选C。
B.saw
C.have seen
D.will see
48.—Have you seen the film Monkey King? —Yes. I it three times. It is so interesting. A.saw B.have seen C.will see D.am seeing 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
句意:--你看过电影《美猴王》吗?--是的,我看过三次了,它是很有趣的。根据three times.可知,这里指过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,这里指过去看过电影,强调的是现在对电影有所了解。应该用现在完成时,其谓语动词的形式是:has/have+ done, 故选B。
49.— Many city people their bikes to work every day. — I think it’s a good idea. A.ride B.rode C.will ride 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
句意“-许多城市的市民每天都骑他们的自行车上班-我认为这是一个好主意”。根据every day可知,用一般现在时,故选A。 【点睛】
与一般现在时连用的时间状语:sometimes, usually, never, always, often; every day / week / month / year / ... ;once/twice/three times a day/week/month/year...
50.Linda a lot since I saw her last time
A.has changed B.willchange C.is changing D.changed 【答案】A
【解析】句意:自从我上次见到她以来,Linda变化了很多。本题考查动词的时态。Change变化,改变。A. has changed 已经改变,是现在完成时 B. will change 将要改变,是一般将来时 C. is changing正在改变,是现在进行时现在完成时的典型句型,故选A。
改变了,是一般过去时。本句是 D. changed
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