完形填空、阅读理解综合训练(一)

A

My parents passed away ten years ago and I miss them terribly.But I know they are with me every day in what they taught me and in the 1 they gave me.Every morning my father’s message to me was：Remember that 2 you walk out of this door,you carry responsibility,the good name of this family,the hopes and dreams of your mom and dad.My mother often urged me to 3 the high standards she set for me. When I was in high school,I played in a rock band with friends in my class.We were devoted and practiced constantly.We moved past the guys-in-a-garage stage and 4 to be pretty good,doing getting-paid gigs (演奏会) most weekends,which made me 5 .At that time,though part of me was 6 up in that band,another part of me was the oldest son in the Clark family, 7 of my origin and a dedicated student busy applying to colleges.Without even telling my parents,I applied to Harvard.I didn’t think I had much chance of getting in, 8 I wanted to try.So I was riding around being Mr. Cool Rock Musician half of the time,and the other half I was focused on family and 9 goals.I was running on parallel 10 . When the group won a citywide Battle of the Bands,things heated up.My bandmates had stars in their eyes—we might be able to make it big.However,I began to feel 11 .I realized I was on quite different tracks：I 12 was becoming two people, 13

identities back and forth depending on who I was with.I had to make an option.As I considered my 14 ,my parents’ words were right there,helping me to see that my dreams weren’t about signing a record deal,letting my hair grow,and living in a tour bus.So I 15 out.My bandmates were 16 .They thought I was crazy to withdraw 17 the peak of real success.But however successful that band got,I knew it wasn’t in line with my 18 ,with my feeling of what I was 19 to do,with who I was—it simply wasn’t me. In that instant and in many others throughout my life,my parents’ advice has helped me recenter and 20 .I could remember who I was—the hopes and dreams I carried. 1．A.property B．advice C．guide D．aid 2．A.when B．before C．while D．since

3．A.come up with B．stand up to C．live up to D．keep pace with 4．A.got B．failed C．hoped D．attempted 5．A.lost B．disappointed C．confused D．thrilled 6．A.wrapped B．centred C．spent D．offered 7．A.scared B．proud C．guilty D．ashamed 8．A.if B．unless C．until D．yet

9．A.economic B．political C．academic D．literary 10．A.tracks B．ways C．processes D．directions 11．A.confident B．optimistic C．cheerful D．uncomfortable 12．A.exactly B．actually C．eventually D．fortunately

13．A.switching B．acting C．discovering D．seeking 14．A.conditions B．choices C．competence D．health 15．A.gave B．looked C．called D．dropped

16．A.disturbed B．cool C．shocked D．tolerant 17．A.in B．to C．by D．at

18．A.goals B．interests C．personality D．consideration 19．A.meant B．demanded C．forced D．aimed 20．A.recall B．refocus C．rebuild D．reunite

B

Why You Should Celebrate Your Mistakes

When you make a mistake, big or small, cherish(珍视) it like it’s the most precious thing in the world. Because in some ways, it is. Most of us feel bad when we make mistakes, beat ourselves up about it, feel like failures, get mad at ourselves.

And that’s only natural: most of us have been taught from a young age that mistakes are bad, that we should try to avoid mistakes. We’ve been scolded when we make mistakes——at home, school and work. Maybe not always, but probably enough times to make feeling bad about mistakes an unconscious reaction.

Yet without mistakes, we could not learn or grow. If you think about it that way, mistakes should be cherished and celebrated for being one of

the most amazing things in the world: they make learning possible; they make growth and improvement possible.

By trial and error——trying things, making mistakes, and learning from those mistakes——we have figured out how to make electric light, to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, to fly.

Mistakes make walking possible for the smallest toddler, make speech possible, make works of genius possible.

Think about how we learn: we don’t just consume information about something and instantly know it or know how to do it. You don’t just read about painting, or writing, or computer programming, or baking, or playing the piano, and know how to do them right away. Instead, you get information about something, from reading or from another person or from observing usually ... then you construct a model in your mind ... then you test it out by trying it in the real world ... then you make mistakes ... then you revise the model based on the results of your real-world experimentation ... and repeat, making mistakes, learning from those mistakes, until you've pretty much learned how to do something. That’s how we learn as babies and toddlers, and how we learn as adults. Mistakes are how we learn to do something new——because if you succeed at something, it’s probably something you already knew how to do. You haven’t really grown much from that success——at most it’s the

last step on your journey, not the whole journey. Most of the journey was made up of mistakes, if it’s a good journey.

So if you value learning, if you value growing and improving, then you should value mistakes. They are amazing things that make a world of brilliance possible.

21. Why do most of us feel bad about making mistakes? A. Because mistakes make us suffer a lot. B. Because it’s a natural part in our life.

C. Because we’ve been taught so from a young age. D. Because mistakes have ruined many people's careers.

22. According to the passage, what is the right attitude to mistakes? A. We should try to avoid making mistakes.

B. We should owe great inventions mainly to mistakes. C. We should treat mistakes as good chances to learn.

D. We should make feeling bad about mistakes an unconscious reaction. 23. The underlined word “toddler” in Paragraph Six probably means ________.

A. a small child learning to walk B. a kindergarten child learning to draw C. a primary pupil leafing to read D. a school teenager learning to write

24. We can learn from the passage that ________.

A. most of us can really grow from success B. growing and improving are based on mistakes C. we learn to make mistakes by trial and error

D. we read about something and know how to do it right away

C

“Most experiences of absent - mindedness—forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room—are caused by a simple lack of attention, “ says Schacter. “You’re supposed to remember something, but you haven’t encoded(编码) it deeply.”

Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impression on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create troublesome situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation, you’ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your cupboard.” Your memory itself isn’t failing you, “ says Schacter, “Rather, you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed.”

Lack of interest can also lead to absent -mindedness. “A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago, “ says Zelinski, “ may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox.”Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory relies on just that.

“Visual cues(视觉提示)can help prevent absent- mindedness, “says Schacter, “But be sure the cue is clear and available. “If you want to remember to take a medicine with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table—don’t leave it in the medicine box and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.

Another common experience of absent - mindedness: walking into a room and wondering why you’re there. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. “Everyone does this from time to time, “says Zelinski. “The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you’ll likely remember.”

25．The writer of the passage thinks that encoding properly is very important because ________.

A. it enables us to recall something from our memory B. it slows down the process of losing our memory C. it helps us understand our memory system better D. it helps us to get back to where we were

26．One possible reason why women have a little better memories than men is that________.

A. they rely more on the environment B. they have a wider range of interests

C. they have an unusual power of focusing their attention D. they are more interested in what’s happening around them

27．Why can a note in the pocket hardly serve as a reminder? ________. A. It will easily get lost B. It is out of your sight

C. It’s not clear enough for you to read D. It might get mixed up with other things

28．From the last paragraph we can learn that________. A. repetition might help improve our memory

B. memory depends to a certain extent on the environment C. we’d better return to where we were if we forget things D. we should think about something else while doing one thing

D

There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.

The importance of environment in determining an individual's intellingence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities.Mark was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Mark's I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given

equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would have tested at roughly the same level.

29.This selection can best be titled_________. A.Measuring Your Intelligence B.Intelligence and Environment C.The Case of Peter and Mark D.How the brain Influences Intelligence

30.The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _____. A.human brains differ considerably

B.the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligence

C.environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligence

D. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence 31.According to the passage , the average I.Q.is _____. A.85 B.100 C.110 D.125

完形填空、阅读理解综合训练（一）参考答案

1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．A 11．D 12．B 13．A 14．B 15．D 16．C 17．D 18．A 19．A 20．B 21.C 22.C 23.A 24.B 25．A 第二段第一、二句即为答案 26．D 本文第三段即为答案

27．B 本文第四段说的视觉提示,放进口袋看不见 28．B 周围环境可提示人要做什么 29.B 30.C 31.B