(名师精选全国真题+实战训练，建议下载练习)
1. – Do you like the material? – Yes, it ______ very soft.
A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt 2. I would rather go to work as usual than _____ in hospital.
A. getting treated B. to get treated C. get treated D. treated 3. I wonder why Jenny ____us recently. We should have heard from her by now.
A. hasn’t written B. doesn’t write C. won’t write D. hadn’t written 4. She _______ that the problem ________. A.
is told; was being settled B. was told; was settled
C. told; was settled D. was told; had been settled 5.The report said that the UFO ______ east to west when he saw it.
A. was traveling B. traveled C. had been traveling D. was to travel 6. He _______ again and again, but he didn’t tell me the truth.
A. had asked B. was asked C. had been asked D. asked 二、
1． The giant panda________(love) by people throughout the world.
2More efforts, as reported，________(make) in the years ahead to accelerate the supply－side structural reform.
3． Dashan, who________(learn) crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand－up tradition.
4Silk ________ (become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.
5． When the time came to make the final decision for a course, I decided to apply for the one that ________(reflect) my interest.
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6． The real reason why prices ________(be), and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.
7． As you go through this book, you ________(find)that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience.
8． I wasn't able to hide my eagerness when I ________(ask), “What do you wish me to do now？”
9． He must have sensed that I ________(look)at him.He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, “Why are you staring at me like that？”
10． I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but ________(hold)back thankfully by the shop window.
时态语态
英语16种时态
二、常见时态的基本用法
一般现在时
一般现在时是描述现在或经常性的动作性质或状态的时态。（常和every time, now and then, occasionally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually等连用） 具体用法： 1）表示经常性或习惯性的动作。 We have three meals a day.
2）表示客观事实、真理和自然现象。 Knowledge is power.
3）表示现在的情况或状态。 I live in Beijing.
4）表示已经“列入日程”的将来的事件，尤其指计划中的和安排好的将来的动作，这些动词往往表示“出发，到达”等含义的词，
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如，arrive, begin, go, leave, start, stay等。 The train arrives at 10:30. There's plenty of time. 。
考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。 如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，一般现在时表将来；常用的引导词有： 时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件：if, unless, provided.
If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. If it rains tomorrow，I shall stay at home.
The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she arrives.
一般过去时
一般过去时表示过去发生的动作、存在的状态，或反复发生的动作，句中一般都有表示过去具体时间的时间状语。具体用法：
1） 表示在过去特定时间中一次或一度发生的动作或存在的状态。
a. 有明确的过去时间：yesterday，last night，…ago, just now, in 1980, in the past… b. 对比现在 Scientists think that the continents weren’t always where they are today. c. 其他暗示 He could have done it better, but he was too careless. 2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。 When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 3）用在条件句中表示与现在或将来事实不符的虚拟语气。 If he were here now, we could turn to him for help.
4）表始料未及的过去，即表过去的意识、心态、看法等与现在不同，常用动词（know，realize, expect, recognize, mean…）,表“没想到，没意识到，不知道”。 ——How time flies! It already 10 o’clock.——Oh, I didn’t realize it.
一般将来时
一般将来时用来表示将要发生的事。(soon, tomorrow, next week, some day, in (the) future) 1） shall用于第一人称，常被will代替。will在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。 will (shall) + 动词原形往往指没有经过计划而临时出现的意图，常伴有说话者的主观意识或表示将来必然发生的事。
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2）be going to + 动词原形，既可指主观打算做某事，也可指客观迹象表明将要发生某事
3）“be + 不定式”，表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事 注意：be going to, will与be to的区别
1. I'm going to quit my present job. （现在的打算，事先经过思考，指向将来） 2. I'll answer the door. （未经事先考虑的意图）
3. The little boy is going to fall over. （根据客观迹象判断） 4. I hope it will be fine tomorrow. （主观意愿） 5. We are to discuss the report next Saturday.
6. The meeting is to take place at 8:00 tomorrow morning. 7. I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. （客观安排） 8. I am going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主观安排）
4）“be about to do”意为“马上做某事”，表示即将发生某事，该事将发生在很近的将来，不能与tomorrow, next week等表示明确将来的时间状语连用。 He was about to explain when she interrupted me.. 5）be on the point of doing 强调在很近的将来要发生的事。
They are on the point of leaving.
考点一：在时间、条件等状语从句中，一般现在时表一般将来时（见一般现在时，考点二）
考点二：某些表示短暂性动作的动词如arrive, come, go, leave, start等，用现在进行时形式表示将来。
I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 考点三：“祈使句 + and/or + 句子”，这种结构中and后面的句子谓语用一般将来时。
Use your head and you will find a way.
过去将来时
过去将来时表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
注意：这种时态常用于主句是一般过去时的宾语从句中，表示从句的动作发生在主句之后。过去将来时同一般将来时类似，除了用would do 表示外，也可以用be going to do, be
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to do, be about to do及过去进行时等方式表示。 He was sixty-eight and in two years, he would be seventy. You were going to give me your address but you didn't.
I was about to turn on the power of the computer when the electricity was cut off.
完成体(现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时、过去将来完成时)
现在完成时
1）表示动作到说话已经完成。 He has lost his wallet and can't find it.
They have been good friends since they met at a meeting. You needn't describe her. I have met her many times.
2）在时间或条件状语从句中表示在将来某个时间之前要完成某个动作。 Don't get off until the bus has stopped.
常用现在完成时的句型有：
1）It is/has been + 一段时间 + since 从句；
2）This/ That/ It is the first/ second... Time + that从句（从句用现在完成时）；
3）It/ This is the best/ worst/ most interesting + 名词 + that从句（从句用现在完成时） He has lived here since 1980.
This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. It is the second time that you have been here.
过去完成时
表过去某个时间或动作之前已经发生的动作或已经存在的状态；表“过去的过去”。在使用过去完成时时，一定要有过去的时间或动作作为参照。 考点一：“一……就……”
用于hardly/scarcely...when; no sooner ...than 句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。，并且no sooner 与hardly等位于句首时，此部分须用部分倒装。 I had no sooner got into the room than it began to snow.
No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang. （注意主谓倒装） 考点二：表示“第几次做某事”，主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。
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That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather. 考点三：动词
hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, s
uppose, plan
表示主观想法的动词，可用于过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图，意为“本来想......”
They had wanted to help, but they could not get there in time.
将来完成时
主要用于表示在将来某一时间点上会完成的动作，并对将来某一时间产生影响。常与将来时间状语连用。
We shall have fulfilled the work by the end of next week. 考点一： by+将来的时间；by the time+一般现在时从句 By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot. By the time you reach the station, the train will have left. By next Tuesday, I will have got ready for the exams.
考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，将来完成时则由现在完成时表示。 The children will do their homework the moment they have arrived back from school.
现在进行时：
1）表示说话时正在进行的动作或存在的状态。或说话时没完成，仍在继续进行的动作或存在的状态。常与now, right now, at this moment, at present等时间状语连用。 What are they quarreling about? I'm teaching part-time in a middle school. 2）表示马上就要发生。
非延续性动词用于进行时态，往往表示“马上就，即将，逐渐地，反复地”等意思，这类动词主要有come, go, leave, start, begin, stop, arrive, return等。 Are you staying here for a long time?（即将） Someone is knocking at the door. （反复地） 3）表示某种感情色彩或对某一心理的生动描述。
现在进行时与always, constantly, continually, forever (for ever), usually等副词连用时，表说话人某种情感。
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The children are constantly disturbing us. （讨厌、不满） 注意：下列动词一般不能用于进行时态。
1）表示情感和思维动词一般不用于进行时态。常见的此类动词有love, like, hate, know, understand, realize, remember, believe, want, hope, wish, need, agree等。 She understands you better now.
2）表示属性或拥有的动词不能用于进行时态。常见的此类动词有have（有），own, possess, belong to, have on, consist of 等。 This dictionary belongs to Peter.
过去进行时：
表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作。此时句中往往有表示过去的时间状语then, at that moment, at that time, at the time, this time yesterday等。没有时间状语时，需要根据上下文的语境体会。
I was writing a letter when you phoned. （见现在进行时用法）
将来进行时
1.指从现在算起的将来某时间点正在进行的动作或将要进行的动作。常与表示将来时间的短语this time ，tomorrow, at 10 o'clock next Monday等连用。 This time tomorrow we'll be flying to Pairs..
2.将来进行时表客观上必然将要发生的动作或按照安排将要发生的动作。 We shall be having a meeting after dinner as usual.
现在完成进行时：
表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在或离现在不远的时间。 1）表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在或离现 在不远的时间。多用延续性动词。 Have you been waiting long for me?
2）表示“刚才，近来”发生的动作，一般不再继续。 My hands are dirty. I've been cleaning the room. 3）表示动作的重复性。
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You have been asking the same question these days.
几个易混时态的用法区别 1. 一般过去时和过去完成时的区别
一般过去时是相对现在说话时刻而言的，过去完成时则强调“过去的过去” 两种时态建立的时间参照点不同。
She looked well when I last saw her. （过去动作或状态）
When I got there, the football match had already started. （对过去的影响或产生的结果） The train had waited there for half an hour by the time we arrived. （“过去的过去”动作持续到过去某一时刻为止）
2. 一般过去时和现在完成时的区别
一般过去时只是单独谈论过去的事情，与现在没有联系，因此只要有过去时间状语的句子只能用过去时来表达；而现在完成时所表示的动作对现在有影响，或是与现在有关，或是谈论现在以前这一段时间里发生的事情。
We bought the fruit and flowers in the supermarket just now. They haven't seen the teacher today.
动词的被动语态
1． 当句子的主语是动作的执行者时， 谓语的形式叫主动语态。句子的主语是动作承受者时，谓语的形式叫被动作语态。被动语态由助动词be + 过去分词 构成，时态通过be 表现出来。
1） 一般现在时： am/is/are +过去分词 You are required to do this.
2） 一般过去时：was/were +过去分词 The story was told by her.
3） 一般将来时：will/shall +过去分词 The problem will be discussed tomorrow. 4） 现在进行时：am/is/are +being +过去分词 The road is being widened.
5） 过去进行时：was/were + being +过去分词 The new tool was being made.
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6） 现在完成时：has/have +been +过去分词 The novel has been read.
7） 过去完成时：had +been +过去分词 He said that the work had been finished.
8） 过去将来时：would/should +be +过去分词 He said that the trees would be planted soon. 三、被动语态的用法：
(1)、不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如：Some new computers were stolen last night. This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。 (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 例如：the window was broken by Mike. This book was written by him.
Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed. 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法：
(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。
(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。 例如：All the people laughed at him.
He was laughed at by all people.
五、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。 例如：We can repair this watch in two days.
This watch can be repaired in two days. You ought to take it away.
二、 一些特殊的被动结构
1、 带不定式的被动结构：The room is going to be painted. The homework needs to be done with care. 2、 短语动词的被动：
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a.（不及物）动词+介词：若这类短语动词是及物性的，则可用于被动语态中，如：laugh at, look after, talk about, think of 等。若这类短语动词是不及物性的则不可用于被动语态中，如：book up, look down. 等
b.（及物）动词+副词：bring about, carry out, find out, make out, put away, put off, take up, turn down, turn out, wipe out等
c. 动词+副词 +介词：do away with, face up to, give into ,look down upon, make up with等 d. 动词+名词+介词：catch sight of, keep on eye on, make a fool of , pay attention to , put an end to , set fire/light to , take notice of 等
3、 带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时，一般把主动结构中的宾语改为主语，宾语补足语保留在谓语后面。We always keep the classroom clean. (比较：The classroom is always kept clean.) 4、主动形式表示被动意义的词。常见的有： a.主动形式，这时动名词同句中的主语有动宾关系。 The children need looking after. The windows wants /requires repairing. This point deserves mentioning.
b.有些及物动词后须加副词 （如：well, easily等）， 有些可不加，如：act, clean, cut, draw, lock, open, play, read, sell, shut, strike, wash, write 等。 The cloth washes/ sells well.
The door won’t shut. The play won’t act.
c. 形容词worth后直接加动名词时，如：The book is worth reading twice. 某些作表语的形容词后，用不定式主动形式表示被动意义。 The fish is not fit to eat.
d. 某些感官动词（如：feel, look, prove, smell , sound, taste, wear等） 与形容词连用时：The water feels very cold. The dish tastes delicious.
5、 以下动词构成的句子不能改为被动句：
a. 动词leave, enter, reach 等的宾语是表示处所、地点（国家、团体，组织、军队）等。 b. 表示状态的动词，如：become, benefit, cost, contain, equal, fit, fail, have, lack, last, mean, suit, look like等。
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c. 下列不及物动词及短语：appear, belong to , break out, die, happen, lie, occur, rise, take place, agree with, belong to, consist of , have on, keep up with 及一些固定词组，如 keep words, lose heart, make a face等。
d. 宾语是反身代词，相互代词，同源代词，不定式，动名词，抽象名词等 【典型例题】
1. Visitors ________not to touch the exhibits.
A.will request B.are requested C.are requesting D.request
解析：答案为B。此题的时态是不难判断的，因为说的是一条规定，所以用一般现在时，而visitor与request之间是动宾关系，即request visitors not to touch the exhibits,究竟是谁要求他们这样做呢？不清楚，也不必知道，因此需要用被动语态。分析visitors与request之间的关系是此题的解题关键。
2. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology __________ so rapidly.
A.is changing B.has changed C.will have changed D.will change
解析：答案为A。此题考查现在进行时态的用法。句意为“选择一部移动电话不是一件容易的事，因为科技发展得十分迅速。”本句的主句一般现在时表达的是目前的情况，而“科技发展迅速”也是现阶段正存在的一种状态，不是在过去，也不是在将来，因此只能用现在进行时表达。
3. All the preparations for the task ___________, and we’re ready to start.
A.completed B.complete
C.had been completed D.have been completed
解析：答案为D。现在完成时表示过去年做的事对现在的影响。从and we’re ready to start句意可知，一切准备工作已经就绪，可以开始工作了。complete是及物动词，与句子的主语是被动关系，所以需要用被动语态表达。注意①分清complete与主语之间的关系；②结合语境选择正确时态。
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一、
1．-- How are you today?
--Oh, I _______ as ill as I do now for a very long time.
A. didn’t feel B. wasn’t feeling C. don’t feel D. haven’t felt
2. – I’d like to go to the cinema with you, Dad? – Sorry, my darling, but the film _____ for
adults only.
A. intends B. is intended C. is being intended D. is intending 3. – You haven’t said a word about my new coat, Brenda. Do you like it?
-- I’m sorry I _____anything abut it sooner. I certainly think it’s a pretty on you. A. wasn’t saying B. don’t say C. won’t say D. didn’t say 4. The ants were busy carrying earth in their mouths to get the entrance to their nest _____.
A. being stopped up B. stopped up C. to be stopped D. stopping up 5. – Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday?
– I _____, but I had an unexpected visitor.
A. has B. would C. was going to D. did 6. – -Are you going to the meeting?
– -No. The meeting _____ until next Monday.
A. will be put off B. is being put off C. has been put off D. has put off 7. The teacher told the children that water _____ at 100 degrees centigrade. A. boils B. boiled C. was boiling D. is boiling 8. The water will be further polluted unless some measures ______.
A. will be taken B. are taken C. were taken D. have taken 9. He _____ to get me a taxi, but I _____ the bus down to Oxford Street. A.
offered; has taken B. had offered; was taking
C. has offered; took D. would offer; took
10. People often want to know what my job is. Often I _____ that question. A. ask B. am asking C. get asked D. get asking
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改错
On Saturday afternoon, Li Hua and Wang Ping, members of “Green Eyes”, was having an environmental protection activity near the riverside when they catch sight of a bird on the ground. They picked it out and found it wounded. Think it might die without timely help, they took it to home. They made a nest for it but fed it on rice and water. The lucky birds recovered soon. When it was time for the bird fly away, they felt pity but were very delighted. I think it’s worthwhile for him to do such a thing. Here I call on the public to show respect for nature. Only by changing the way that we treat the environment can we get along good with it.
1. The workers ____ the car busily when Mrs. Brown went to get a tool he _______there. A. were repairing; had left B. were repairing; left C. has repaired; had left D. had repaired; left 2. All the preparations for the task ______, and we’re ready to start. A. completed B. complete
C. had been completed D. have been completed 3. --- Shall I send this report to the manager?
---Yes, please. And I ______ fly to London next Tuesday.
A. got to B. get to C. will get to D. have got to 4. Shirley ___ a book about China last year but I don’t know whether she has finished it. A. has written B. was writing C. had written D. wrote 5. Visitors _______ not to touch the exhibits.
A. will request B. request C. are requesting D. are requested 6. --- Why don’t you ride your bike?
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---I _____ it every day this week. I’m tired of riding now.
A. rode B. have ridden C. have been ridding D. do ride 7. It _____ more than 100 years before the whole area _____ to look as it did. A. will be; begins B. is; begins C. is; began D. was; begins 8. --- We have sent out two best players to the sports meet. What about you? --- Well, not yet. We have few ______, I’d say.
A. to choose B. to choose from C. chosen D. to be chosen 9. The box of coins was said _______ by a Chinese in the late 19th century. A. to be buried B. to have been buried C. being buried D. to bury 10. We _____ to see her, but found she was out.
A. wanted B. had wanted C. would want D. was wanting 二、
1． I________(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600－acre centre. 2． Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.________
3． Leaving the less important things until tomorrow ________(be) often acceptable. 4． Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopsticks might ________(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.
5． Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and ________(be) too violent for use at the table.
6． Jack________(work) in the lab when the power cut occurred. 7．—Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?
—The new Star Wars.We________(wait)here for more than two hours.
8． I________(read) half of the English novel, and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend. 9． The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts________ (reward) success in the end.
10． Night milk quickened the start of sleep and ________(cause) the mice to sleep longer.
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【参考答案】
复习回顾：一： 1—6CCADC
二：1．is loved [全世界的人都喜欢大熊猫。这里用一般现在时表示现状，panda与love
之间为被动关系。]
2．will be made [考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：正如报道的那样，在未来几年内要做出更大的努力去加快供给侧结构改革。根据时间状语in the years ahead可知，此处要用一般将来时，再结合主语more efforts与动词make之间为被动关系。]
3．has been learning [考查现在完成进行时的用法。句意：大山已经学习中国喜剧文化——相声几十年了，他希望把相声与西方喜剧整合起来。根据时间状语for decades可知，表示从过去到现在(有可能延续到将来)，故此处要用现在完成进行时。]
4．had become [考查动词的时态。句意：到大约公元前 100 年时丝绸已成为沿丝绸之路进行交易的主要货物之一。by＋过去时间作状语，谓语应用过去完成时态。] 5．reflected [考查时态。句意：当最后决定选一门课程时，我决定申请那个反映兴趣的课程。主句用的一般过去时，从句也如此。]
6．were [句意：价格过去和现在仍然过高的原因是复杂的，没有简短的讨论可以令人满意地解释这个问题。根据and still are可以推断出空白处是对过去时态的考查。] 7．will find [句意：在你浏览这本书时，你会发现经历二战的数百万人的经历各不相同。as引导时间状语从句，意思是“当……的时候”，在从句中使用的是一般现在时，所以主句使用一般将来时，即所谓“主将从现”，主句使用一般将来时，从句使用一般现在时。] 8．asked [句意：在我问“现在你想让我干什么？”时，我无法掩饰自己的迫切心情。从句中的时态应该和主句中的时态保持一致，而不是和直接引语中的时态保持一致。] 9．was looking [句意：他一定是感到了我在看他。他突然瞥了我一眼，然后平静地说：“为什么这样盯着看我？” must have done是对过去情况的推测，that后面应该使用过去时，在根据后面“为什么这样盯着看我？”所使用的时态为进行时，可知此处为过去进行时。]
10．was held [句意：我有一种强烈的进去玩玩具的冲动，但是幸亏被橱窗拦住了。前
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面had 是一般过去时，此处是并列谓语，也应该使用一般过去时；hold back和主语I之间是被动关系，所以使用被动语态。]
同步练习：一：1---5 DBDBC 6---10 CABBC
单句改错：1．grow→grew [句意：但是随着我的成长，我去年逐渐开始变得以自我为中心。根据本句中的last year可知需将grow改为grew。]
2．seem→seems [句意：美国人对待宠物的方式令我感到奇怪。“How Americans treat their pets”为主语从句，属于第三人称单数，故将seem改为seems。]
3．can→could [句意：我多希望4个月后我能在我梦想的大学里学习呀！wish加宾语从句时，宾语从句应使用虚拟语气。本句中can study后于wish发生，故将can改为could。] 4．preparing→prepared [句意：第二天我们很早就起床，在家里准备粥。and连接两个并列的谓语动词，根据上下文逻辑可推知需将preparing改为prepared。]
5．are→is [句意：我最喜欢的书的清单很长。主语list属于第三人称单数，故需将are改为is。]
6．slips→slipped [句意：她告诉我，由于心脏病她滑倒了。根据told，fell可知需将slips改为slipped。]
7．去掉was [句意：食物味道鲜美，我们在一起过得很快乐。taste在本句中为系动词，没有被动语态，故将was去掉。]
8．telling→tell [句意：我建议我们告诉他们：我们希望他们像我们愿意相信他们那样相信我们。suggest作“建议”讲，后加宾语从句时，其宾语从句需使用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。]
9．can't →couldn't [句意：当Lily只有几天大，甚至还不能睁眼时来到了我家。根据
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句意可知这里表示过去的事情，需要用一般过去时，故将can't改为couldn't。] 10．left→was left [句意：上周日我父母因公出差了。我被独自留下来，没人给我做饭。I与leave为被动关系，故需用被动语态；根据上下文可知动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
改错：was---were catch---caught out---up Think---Thinking to home---home but---and birds---bird fly---to fly him---them good---well
课后练习：一：1---5 ADDBD 6---10CABBB
二：1．was allowed [根据语境及allow sb to do sth这一固定句式可知，我应该是被允许接近这些可爱的动物。]
2．using→ used [be used for “被用来做”，为固定短语。]
3．is [考查主谓一致和时态。本句的主语为动名词短语leaving the less...，动名词作主语谓语要用单数第三人称形式，且这里说的是一个客观事实，故要用is。] 4．be made [考查语态。根据句意筷子是被制造的。]
5．were [考查时态。此处were是与would remind 并列的谓语动词。]
6．was working [考查时态。句意：杰克正在实验室里工作这时突然停电了。此题考查到句型be doing...when...结构。由occurred可知停电是发生在过去的某一具体时刻，故用was working。]
7．have been waiting [考查时态。句意：——请问，你们在等哪场电影？——最新的《星际大战》，我们在这儿已经等了两个小时了。由句中时间状语for more than two hours 可知，动作从过去延续到现在，并对现在产生直接影响，且动作还可能延续，故用现在完成进行时。]
8．have read [考查时态。句意：我已经读完这本英文小说的一半了，我会争取在周末读完。前一分句表示到现在已经完成的动作，与现在有联系，故用现在完成时。] 9．will be rewarded [考查时态和语态。句意：学生们一直努力学习他们的功课，他们
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的努力终将得到成功的回报。由句意可知，reward这一动作发生在have been working之后，故用将来时态，reward和efforts之间为被动关系，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。] 10．caused [考查时态，和前面的quickened并列关系。]
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