新乡学院成人教育 《综合英语》试卷A卷
课程归属部门：继续教育学院 考试时间： 120 分钟 题号 I II III IV V VI Ⅶ 总分 合分人 得分 得分 评卷人
I. Matching. (10 %)
Direction: In this part, you’ll see 10 words listed in the column and their corresponding meaning. Choose the right expression for each word.
A .melancholy B. blaze C. banal D. turmoil E. stroll F. digress G. eternity H. coerce I. endowment J. counterpart
( ) 1.a quality or ability that sb. has naturally ( ) 2. very sad; causing sadness
( ) 3. to walk somewhere in a slow relaxed way
( ) 4. sb or sth that has the same job, purpose, or function as sb or sth else in a different place. ( ) 5.a bright flame or fire ( ) 6.commonplace; uninteresting ( ) 7.to talk or write about sth else
( ) 8. a state of confusion, excitement, and trouble ( ) 9. the whole of time, with no beginning or end ( ) 10. to force sb to do sth 得分 评卷人 II. Vocabulary and structure. (10 %)
本试卷共8页第7页 Direction: For each of the following incomplete sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C
and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.
1. We have covered all the issues one. I suppose we break for lunch and continue this afternoon. A. except, up B. except for, up C. instead of, off
D. except, off
2. Money is often the idea of happiness, which is wrong. In a civilized society, people wouldn’t attach too much importance material things. A. associated with, to B. associated with, on C. related with, to
D. related to, at
3. What happened that day had a great on people’s lives. Now they all know that no country can be completely terrorist attack. A. effect, immune to B. impact, immune from C. influence, free to
D. result, free from
4. We were a great dilemma. But then Wei Ming came a brilliant idea. A. facing to, up
B. faced with, up with C. thrown into, across
D. confronted with, to
5. There is nothing in the room. No furniture, no nothing, just the four walls. A. hollow
B. empty
C. vacant
D. bare
6. She him to give her another chance. A. begged
B. insisted on
C. demanded
D. pleaded
7. When he heard the news, he was infuriated . A. without words
B. beyond words
C. speechless
D. at a loss for words
8. While he was away, the company was to his son. A. trusted
B. believed
C. entrusted
D. doubted
9. It suddenly dawned me that there was another thing that contributed their economic success. A. to, to
B. on, to
C. on, for
D. to, for
10. _________ total casualty, it was a war without parallel in human history.
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A. On term of B. On terms of C. In term of D. In terms of
得分 评卷人 III. Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions or adverbs. (10 % )
1. These parks______certain will add greatly _____the beauty of the city.
2. Nowadays the manager will have to answer_____ it if the company goes bankrupt. 3. The first day I arrived, my friend offered to show me _____the city.
4. He was weak and unsteady_____ age, but there was still something of the monkey _____him. 5. If we decide to build a dam, what will become_____ the people who live in this area? We can’t just tell them to go away and let it go_____ that.
6. In my day we thought_____ money as something dirty, and we were always _____the alert not to let it pollute our thinking. 得分 评卷人 IV. Reading Comprehension. (20 %)
Direction: There are two passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer to each question or statement.
TEXT A The art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication—but none can replace the role of a great speech.
The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something. Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.
Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action. Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to people’s hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches
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A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The
information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way. When the H1N1 pandemic（流行病）was announced, the idea of “swine flu”（猪流感）scared many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions.
Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna’s speech about Michael Jackson, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music.
It’s not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives. If you’re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation
at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance.
On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.
Great speaking ability is not something we’re born with. Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.
1. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable because A. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people. B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business. C. it plays important roles in human communication. D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.
2. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking? A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems. B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.
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C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers’ speeches. D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners. 3. Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPT A. to convince people in a debate. B. to inform people at a presentation. C. to advise people at work.
D. to entertain people at a wedding.
4. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author’s view on “great speaking ability”?
A. It comes from observing rules. B. It can be perfected with easy effort. C. It can be acquired from birth. D. It comes from learning and practice.
5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Public speaking in international forums. B. The many uses of public speaking. C. Public speaking in daily life context. D. The rules of public speaking.
TEXT B
In the 19th century, there used to be a model of how to be a good person. There are all these torrents of passion flowing through you. Your job, as captain of your soul, is to erect dams to keep these passions in check. Your job is to just say no to laziness, lust, greed, drug use and the other sins.
These days that model is out of fashion. You usually can’t change your behavior by simply resolving to do something. Knowing what to do is not the same as being able to do it. Your willpower is not like a dam that can block the torrent of self-indulgence. It’s more like a muscle, which tires easily. Moreover, you’re a social being. If everybody around you is overeating, you’ll probably do so, too.
The 19th-century character model was based on an understanding of free will. Today, we know that free will is bounded. People can change their lives, but ordering change is not simple because many things, even within ourselves, are beyond our direct control.
Much of our behavior, for example, is guided by unconscious habits. Researchers at Duke University calculated that more than 40 percent of the actions we take are governed by habit, not actual decisions. Researchers have also come to understand the structure of habits—cue, routine, reward.
本试卷共8页第7页 You can change your own personal habits. If you leave running shorts on the floor at night, that’ll be a cue to go running in the morning. Don’t try to ignore your afternoon snack craving. Every time you feel the cue for a snack, insert another routine. Take a walk.
Their research thus implies a different character model, which is supposed to manipulate the neural（神经系统的）networks inside. To be an effective person, under this model, you are supposed to coolly examine your own unconscious habits, and the habits of those under your care. You are supposed to devise strategies to alter the cues and routines. Every relationship becomes
slightly manipulative, including your relationship with yourself. You’re trying to arouse certain responses by implanting certain cues.
This is a bit disturbing, because the important habitual neural networks are not formed by mere routine, nor can they be reversed by clever cues. They are burned in by emotion and strengthened by strong yearnings, like the yearnings for admiration and righteousness.
If you think you can change your life in a clever way, the way an advertiser can get you to buy an air freshener, you’re probably wrong. As the Victorians understood, if you want to change your life, don’t just look for a clever cue. Commit to some larger global belief.
6. Which of the following is a key element in the 19th-century character model? A. Passion.
B. Action.
C. Capability.
D. Determination.
7. The 19th-century model supposedly does not work because A. there were many other factors beyond one’s control. B. it has worked unsatisfactorily most of the time. C. the comparison of free will to a dam is groundless. D. what one wishes to do should be considered carefully. 8. What is the main implication of the research at Duke University? A. Habit is key to one’s behavior.
B. One’s behavior is difficult to change. C. Both habit and will power are important.
D. Habit has an unidentified structure.
9. According to the new character model, personal behavior could be altered through A. cues to stop all the former unconscious habits. B. cues to manipulate the habitual neural responses.
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C. techniques to devise different physical cues. D. techniques to supplement old routines.
10. We learn from the passage that the new character model A. stresses the neural and psychological aspects of habit change. B. can bring about changes in one’s life like what advertisers do. C. has been used to change behavior successfully. D. deals better with emotional aspects of behavior. 得分 评卷人 V. Translation (20%)
Part A:
In this part, you’ll see 5 Chinese sentences. Translate each of them into English. 1. 很多人都曾说过， 如果没有有效的制约，我们都有滥用权力的倾向。 2. 尽管温暖的天气，新鲜的空气和美味佳肴，他的健康仍没有恢复。
3. 一块大石头突然从山上滚下来。他是如此之大，一下子把一辆卡车砸得粉碎。 4. 她说宁可死也不愿意永远卧床不起，与外界隔绝。
5. 这完全是在浪费金钱和宝贵的土地资源。 他们真是疯了，把这么肥沃的农田变成少数有
钱人的球场。 Part B:
Translate the following passage into Chinese.
Mike’s wealth, I say, he regards as a solemn trust. I have often asked him why he didn’t give it, for example, to a college. But he tells me that unfortunately he is not a college man. I have called his attention to the need of further pensions for college professors; after all that Bill Gates and others have done, there are still thousands and thousands of old professors of thirty-five and even forty, working away day after day and getting nothing but what they earn themselves, and with no provision beyond the age of eighty-five. But Mike says that these men are the nation’s heroes. Their work is its own reward. 得分 评卷人 VI. Paraphrase (10 %)
本试卷共8页第7页 Direction: For this part, you’ll see 6 sentences selected from our textbook. Use your own words to
explain each of them in English.
1. Identity is determined by genetic endowment, shaped by environment, and influenced by
chance events. ( from Your College Years)
2. He had lost all that dreamy vagueness and indecision. (from A Dill Pickle) 3. He was the man of the hour, of the century.(from Diogenes and Alexander)
4. This one was written out of childish faith in the eternal strength of parents, a naïve belief that
age and wear could be overcome by an effort of will. (from In My Day)
5. Along the roads, wildflowers delighted the traveler’s eye through much of the year. ( from
Silent Spring) 得分 评卷人 VII. Writing. (20 %)
Most of us, as students, are careful with our money in daily life: we collect all kinds of coupons(优惠券); we look for group-buy deals if we eat out or travel; we don’t buy clothes unless in a sale. However, some people think that all this may not make us smart consumers. What is your opinion?
Write on the Answer Sheet a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:
The Advantages of Being Careful with Money in Daily Life
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
Note: Please write down all the answers on the Answer Sheet.
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